β-TCP is a biocompatible osteoconductive calcium phosphate that may provide a scaffold for potential bony ingrowth [24]. β-TCP resorbs rather quickly but not necessarily at the same rate as new bone formation [25,26,27]. Most research focused on either using the relative unresorbable HA as a scaffold or β-TCP as a degradable component [19, 24,25,26, 28, 29]. Zerbo et al. [30] concluded that due to the absence of osteoinductive properties of TCP, the rate of bone formation was delayed in comparison with autogenous bone grafts. It would be beneficial for the patient to reduce the interval between the MSFE procedure and dental implant placement to accelerate the process of integration of the grafted material. BCP, in a combination of 60% HA and 40% β-tricalcium phosphate, demonstrated new bone formation in both animals and humans [24, 31,32,33]. This biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) appeared to be a suitable graft material for vertical augmentation of the posterior maxilla by means of an MSFE procedure and dental implants placement in a study with a healing time of 6 months [16, 27, 34].The process of bone substitution may not be completed after 6 months of follow-up [27, 35]. Even though clinically, the tissue seems stable enough for dental implant placement, the high bone formation, especially in the newly formed bone areas, indicates that after 6 months, bone cells are still actively replacing BCP in vital bone tissue. To date, no long-term follow-up has been reported on the use of a synthetic BCP, consisting of 60% HA and 40% β-TCP, which may elucidate the degradation properties of BCP material. One may have to consider that more time is necessary to achieve a new bone balance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, radiological, histological, and histomorphometric aspects of a synthetic BCP (Straumann® Bone Ceramic, Institut Straumann AG, Basel Switzerland) that was used in a MSFE procedure with 9- and 12-month healing times.