Discussion

The current study found that exposing individuals to a static magnetic field of around 500 Gauss for 12 weeks enhanced bone repair around endosseous implants. There have been no prior studies in our region, therefore our work demonstrates the necessity for further investigation into the influence of magnetic fields on bone repair surrounding endosseous implants.

The findings of this study revealed a significant increase in ISQ values from 0 to 90 days on the magnetic side, whereas on the non-magnetic side, ISQ values increased from 30 to 90 days but not as significantly as on the magnetic side, and a decrease in the stability value from 0 to 30 days. This loss in stability happens primarily at all implant sites as a result of a quick drop in mechanical phenomena and a delayed increase in biologic phenomenon throughout the bone remodeling process at the implant bone contact. However, on the magnetic side, this has not occurred, resulting in a rise in stability values even in the first month. This might be attributed to the impact of magnetic fields during the early bone healing phase.

There are two sorts of magnets: permanent magnets and temporary magnets. A static magnet retains its inherent magnetic property for an extended length of time. A temporary magnet retains its magnetism only when it is in the magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet or an electric current known as Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs). Although the static magnetic field and PEMF have similar effects on the human body, their mechanisms of action are not the same [29]. Because our bodies can acquire used to nonmoving (or static) magnetic fields, they must be delivered with greater strength for longer periods of time as compared to PEMF devices. Numerous studies have demonstrated that PEMFs improve bone repair in both animals and humans [30-32]. PEMFs are reported to modify membrane permeability by inducing an electric field, affecting the activities of cyclic guanosine monophosphate and cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and promoting osteogenesis. In contrast, static magnetic fields do not generate electric currents or vectorial changes, but they do have the ability to directly induce osteoblast differentiation and bone maturation [33].

Summary

Study on Magnetic Fields and Bone Repair

• Study reveals that exposure to a static magnetic field of around 500 Gauss for 12 weeks enhances bone repair around endosseous implants.
• Findings show a significant increase in ISQ values from 0 to 90 days on the magnetic side.
• Non-magnetic side showed an increase in ISQ values from 30 to 90 days but not as significantly as on the magnetic side.
• Magnetic side showed a rise in stability values even in the first month, possibly due to the impact of magnetic fields during the early bone healing phase.
• Two types of magnets: permanent and temporary.
• Permanent magnets retain their inherent magnetic property for extended periods, while temporary magnets retain their magnetism only when in the magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet or Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs).
• PEMFs improve bone repair in both animals and humans, altering membrane permeability and promoting osteogenesis.
• Static magnetic fields induce osteoblast differentiation and bone maturation directly.