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Methods : The efficacy of a porcine collagen matrix in keratinized tissue augmentation: a 5-year follow-up study [2]

Methods : The efficacy of a porcine collagen matrix in keratinized tissue augmentation: a 5-year follow-up study [2]

author: C Maiorana, L Pivetti, F Signorino, G B Grossi, A S Herford, M Beretta | publisher: drg. Andreas Tjandra, Sp. Perio, FISID

The primary endpoints were to evaluate the shrinkage degree of the width of keratinized mucosa and length of the re-epithelization process. The secondary endpoints assessed clinical evaluation of the grafted area, post-operative hemostatic effect, pain level, and length of surgery. Follow-up control visits were scheduled at 3 days after surgery and then 10 days, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 4 and 5 years as showed by the clinical case reported in Fig. 1. At each examination time point, the width of keratinized tissue (recorded from the crestal to the apical sutures; 3 to 5 measurement from mesial to distal) and vestibular depth were recorded by means of a 15-mm North Carolina periodontal probe. Once the implants were placed, measurement was taken from the free gingival margin, at the prosthetical crown’s zenith. Re-epithelization was evaluated clinically after 4 weeks on a scale from excellent (100% of the grafted area) to poor (< 40%). The degree of healing and maturation of tissues were observed and compared to the physiological healing time. Digital pictures were taken at each examination for comparison with the adjacent soft tissue. Hemostatic effect and pain level, evaluated using the Mankoski Pain Scale (from 0 to 10 where 0 is “No Pain” and 10 is “Pain makes you pass out”), were recorded until the 10th day (or whenever an increase of discomfort/bleeding was reported by the patient); examination time point in which the protective acrylic splint was removed [18]. Sutures were left in place for 4 weeks in order to facilitate the recording during healing. In all cases, dental implants were placed 2 months after the CM grafting elevating a full-thickness flap accessing the crestal bone. No differences between the original and the newly formed keratinized tissue were clearly appreciable so the flap was designed without any particular modifications. No bone grafting procedures were needed. Healing abutments were placed following a golden standard protocol, consisting in 4 months healing for the maxillary implants and 3 months for the mandibular ones.

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