Conclusion : Identification of dental implants using deep learning
Conclusion
Though there are several issues that still need to be addressed, implant systems can be identified from panoramic radiographic images using deep learning-based object detection. To increase the learning performance and apply this system in clinical practice, a higher quality and larger number of implant images and images of other implants will be needed in subsequent studies.
Availability of data and materials
The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available because the panoramic radiographs used in this study can be used only in the hospital.
References
- Shulman LB, Driskell TD. Dental implants: a historical perspective. In: Block M, Kent J, Guerra L, editors. Implants in Dentistry. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1997.
- Boven GC, Raghoebar GM, Vissink A, Meijer HJ. Improving masticatory performance, bite force, nutritional state and patient’s satisfaction with implant overdentures: a systematic review of the literature. J Oral Rehabil. 2015;42:220–33.
- Kanehira Y, Arai K, Kanehira T, Nagahisa K, Baba S. Oral health-related quality of life in patients with implant treatment. J Adv Prosthodont. 2017;9:476–81.
- De Kok IJ, Duqum IS, Katz LH, Cooper LF. Management of implant/prosthodontic complications. Dent Clin N Am. 2019;63:217–31.
- Hashim D, Cionca N, Combescure C, Mombelli A. The diagnosis of peri-implantitis: a systematic review on the predictive value of bleeding on probing. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29(Suppl 16):276–93.
- Hamet P, Tremblay J. Artificial intelligence in medicine. Metabolism. 2017;69S:S36–40.
- Lee JH, Kim DH, Jeong SN, Choi SH. Detection and diagnosis of dental caries using a deep learning-based convolutional neural network algorithm. J Dent. 2018;77:106–11.
- Yamaguchi S, Lee C, Karaer O, Ban S, Mine A, Imazato S. Predicting the debonding of CAD/CAM composite resin crowns with AI. J Dent Res. 2019;98:1234–8.
- Takahashi T, Nozaki K, Gonda T, Ikebe K. A system for designing removable partial dentures using artificial intelligence. Part 1. Classification of partially edentulous arches using a convolutional neural network. J Prosthodont Res. 2019; Inpress.
- Joda T, Waltimo T, Probst-Hensch N, Pauli-Magnus C, Zitzmann NU. Health data in dentistry: an attempt to master the digital challenge. Public Health Genomics. 2019;22:1–7.
- Hwang JJ, Jung YH, Cho BH, Heo MS. An overview of deep learning in the field of dentistry. Imaging Sci Dent. 2019;49:1–7.
- Redmon J, Farhadi A. Yolov3: an incremental improvement. arXiv. preprint arXiv:1804.02767.
- Zhao ZQ, Zheng P, Xu ST, Wu X. Object detection with deep learning: a review. IEEE Trans Neural Netw Learn Syst. 2019;30:3212–32.
- What Implant Is That? https://whatimplantisthat.com. Accessed on 2 June 2020.
- Michelinakis G, Sharrock A, Barclay CW. Identification of dental implants through the use of Implant Recognition Software (IRS). Int Dent J. 2006;56:203–8.
- Tao R, Gavves E, Smeulders AWM. Siamese instance search for tracking. The IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). 2016:1420–9.
- Behpour S, Kitani KM, Ziebart BD. Adversarially optimizing intersection over union for object localization tasks. CoRR. 2017; abs/1710.07735.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the staff of the Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry.
Funding
The authors declare that they have no funding for this study.
Serial posts:
- Identification of dental implants using deep learning — pilot study
- Background : Identification of dental implants using deep learning
- Method : Identification of dental implants using deep learning
- Results & Discussion : Identification of dental implants using deep learning (1)
- Results & Discussion : Identification of dental implants using deep learning (2)
- Results & Discussion : Identification of dental implants using deep learning (3)
- Conclusion : Identification of dental implants using deep learning
- Figure 1: Sample image for calculating IoU (MK III implant)
- Figure 2. Total number of objects of each implant systemin all images.
- Figure 3. The total number of implant systems detected correctly (TPs)
- Figure 4. Ratio of implant systems detected correctly to all detected systems
- Figure 5. Average precision (AP) of each implant system in all images
- Figure 6. Sample images of misdetected implants