The mean control interval was 2.69 (± 2.03) years. At the time of the follow-up examination, the average age was 59.95 (± 11.82) years.

In the remaining collective of 31 patients (96.97%; 12 males (37.54%) and 19 females (59.43%)), a total of 92 implants were inserted. The overview of perforation treatment in the study group is given in Fig. 2, and Fig. 3 depicts the reasons for perforations. Eleven implants (11.96%) were inserted in a one-stage procedure, whereas the remaining 81 implants (88.04%) were inserted in a second surgical intervention. One implant (1.09%) had to be removed due to wound infection 3 months after implant insertion. After a 6-month healing period, the implant could be successfully replaced.

Many implants were purchased from Nobel Biocare with a total of 33 (35.87%), followed by Camlog with 24 (26.09%), Straumann with 18 (19.57%), Ankylos with 10 (10.87%), and Frialit with 5 implants (5.43%). The Astra implant system was applied twice (2.17%).

Twelve implants showed a probing depth above 3 mm; bleeding on probing was positive in 7 implants, and 6 implants showed signs of peri-implantitis or patients had previously had peri-implant surgery.

The patients’ (16 female, 15 male) mean age included in this group was 59.32 years (± 11.34 years) with a mean observation period of 1.80 years (± 1.57 years).

A total of 83 implants were inserted, of which 30 implants were inserted in a one-stage procedure and 53 in a two-stage procedure. No implant had to be removed during the observation period.

Forty-two implants were purchased from Camlog (50.6%), followed by Nobel Biocare with 22 implants (26.51%), Straumann with 18 implants (21.69%), and one Astra implant (1.2%). No signs of inflammation or peri-implantitis were detected in the clinical examinations.

The preferred implant positions in both groups are depicted in Table 1, showing a homogenous distribution when comparing both groups. Table 2 provides an overview of bone graft origin. In the control group, the majority of procedures (65.1%) did not require an additional bone graft, whereas 59.8% of surgical interventions required iliac crest in the perforation group.