Open hour: senin - sabtu 09:00:00 - 20:00:00; minggu & tanggal merah tutup

Fig. 5. Survival rate of dental implants after aut...

Fig. 5. Survival rate of dental implants after autologous bone augmentation Fig. 5. Survival rate of dental implants after autologous bone augmentation

Fig. 4. Postoperative nerve alterations. Single as...

Fig. 4. Postoperative nerve alterations. Single asterisk, N refers to the total number of the surgical approaches in the mandible (N = 155). Double asterisk, N refers to the total number of the surgical approaches in the maxilla (N = 225) Fig. 4. Postoperative nerve alterations. Single asterisk, N refers to the total number of the surgical approaches in the mandible (N = 155). Dou...

Fig. 3. Surgical outcome after autologous augmenta...

Fig. 3. Surgical outcome after autologous augmentation procedures from different donor sites Fig. 3. Surgical outcome after autologous augmentation procedures from different donor sites

Fig. 2. Survival rate of autologous bone grafts : ...

Fig. 2. Survival rate of autologous bone grafts Fig. 2. Survival rate of autologous bone grafts

Fig. 1. Postoperative complications at the donor a...

Fig. 1. Postoperative complications at the donor and recipient site, N refers to the total number of the donor sites (N = 300), N refers to the total number of the recipient sites (N = 378) Fig. 1. Postoperative complications at the donor and recipient site, N refers to the total number of the donor sites (N = 300), N refers to the total number of the recipient sites (N = 378)

Table 3 Intra- and postoperative complications aft...

Postoperative complications %/procedures (N) At donor sitea    Wound infection 2.6% (8/300) At recipient site...

Table 2 Donor sites and numbers of bone grafts as ...

Donor site Bone grafts (N)/patients (N) Lateral zygomatic buttress 113/112 Mandibular ramus (retromolar) ...

Table 1 Patient characteristics at the time of aug...

Patient characteristics N (%) Gendera    Male 250 (89.6%)  Female 29 (10.4%) ...

About this article : Autogenous bone grafts in ora...

Sakkas, A., Wilde, F., Heufelder, M. et al. Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantology—is it still a “gold standard”? A consecutive review of 279 patients with 456 clinical procedures. Int J Implant Dent 3, 23 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0084-4 Download citation Received: 27 February 2017 Accepted: 22 May 2017 Published: 01 June 2017 DOI: https://doi...

Rights and permissions : Autogenous bone grafts in...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Autogenous bone grafts in ora...

Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, Military Hospital Ulm, Academic Hospital of the University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Germany Andreas Sakkas, Frank Wilde, Marcus Heufelder & Alexander Schramm Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty of Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany Karsten Winter Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospit...

Acknowledgements : Autogenous bone grafts in oral ...

The authors thank the patients for their kindness to participate as study cases and the whole medical team at the Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm. AS participated in its design and coordination, carried out the data selection, and drafted the manuscript, and is the corresponding author. FW participated in its design and coordination and helped in drafting the manuscript. MH participated in its design a...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Semper W, Kraft S, Mehrhof J, Nelson K. Impact of abutment rotation and angulation on marginal fit: theoretical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010;25:752–8. Wiltfang J, Jätschmann N, Hedderich J, Neukam FW, Schlegel KA, Gierloff M. Effect of deproteinized bovine bone matrix coverage on the resorption of iliac cortico-spongeous bone grafts—a prospective study of two cohorts....

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Chiapasco M, Zaniboni M. Clinical outcomes of GBR procedures to correct peri-implant dehiscences and fenestrations: a systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009;20:113–23. Felice P, Pellegrino G, Checchi L, Pistilli R, Esposito M. Vertical augmentation with interpositional blocks of anorganic bovine bone vs. 7-mm-long implants in posterior mandibles: 1-year results of a randomized clinical...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Verdugo F, Castillo A, Moragues MD, Pontón J. Bone microbial contamination influences autogenous grafting in sinus augmentation. J Periodontol. 2009;80:1355–64. Wiltfang J, Schultze-Mosgau S, Merten HA, Kessler P, Ludwig A, Engelke W. Endoscopic and ultrasonographic evaluation of the maxillary sinus after combined sinus floor augmentation and implant insertion. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol O...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

von Arx T, Buser D. Horizontal ridge augmentation using autogenous block grafts and the guided bone regeneration technique with collagen membranes: a clinical study with 42 patients. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17:359–66. Levin L, Nitzan D, Schwartz-Arad D. Success of dental implants placed in intraoral block bone grafts. J Periodontol. 2007;78:18–21. Andersson L. Patient self-evaluation of...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Aghaloo TL, Moy PK. Which hard tissue augmentation techniques are the most successful in furnishing bony support for implant placement? Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007;22:49–70. Margonar R, dos Santos PL, Queiroz TP, Marcantonio E. Rehabilitation of atrophic maxilla using the combination of autogenous and allogeneic bone grafts followed by protocol-type prosthesis. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;2...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Schwartz-Arad D, Dori S. Intraoral autogenous onlay block bone grafting for implant dentistry. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim. 2002;19:35–9. 77. Misch CM. Ridge augmentation using mandibular ramus bone grafts for the placement of dental implants: presentation of a technique. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1996;8:127–35. Altiparmak N, Soydan SS, Uckan S. The effect of conventional surgery and pi...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Jensen AT, Jensen SS, Worsaae N. Complications related to bone augmentation procedures of localized defects in the alveolar ridge. A retrospective clinical study. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;20(2):115–22 [Epub ahead of print]. Buser D, Dula K, Hirt HP, Schenk RK. Lateral ridge augmentation using autografts and barrier membranes: clinical study with 40 partially edentulous patients. J Oral Maxill...

Conclusions : Autogenous bone grafts in oral impla...

The results of the clinical study proves the reliability and low comorbidity of autologous bone grafts in preprosthetic alveolar ridge reconstructions prior to implant insertion. The high graft success rate (95.6%) and the low early implant failure rate (0.38%) in a surveillance of all patients treated in three following years with this technique showing no exclusion and no dropout of any case for...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Data on risk factors based on the original examination and documentation are difficult to assess the adverse effects of variable factors on the surgical prognosis because of the multifactorial genesis of surgical complications [73]. Factors such as gender, age, or smoking habit could be associated with postoperative complications after two-stage dentoalveolar reconstruction with autologous bone gr...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

The results of the present study have to take into account the absence of a control group with patients undergoing bone augmentation procedures with bone substitutes (allogen, alloplastic, exogen). Without a comparative group of grafting surgeries using alternative bone material, only limited statements can be made. However, the excellent surgical outcome of autologous surgical methods providing ...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

The use of autologous bone in this study has shown excellent graft survival and success rate (95.6%). This is equal to the results from the studies on implants inserted in reconstructed sites [6, 8, 24]. The early implant survival rate of 99.7% found in the present material is very high comparable to that in the previous systematic reviews after staged horizontal ridge augmentation [9, 10, 22, 62,...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Of the sinus floor elevations performed in this study, 84.8% were defined absolutely successful. Only two of our 72 patients having sinus lift operations could not finally be treated with dental implants. These results are comparable to other studies considering the sinus graft to be a safe treatment modality with few complications [6, 8, 51,52,53]. Raghoebar et al. reported incidences of sinus co...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Postoperative morbidity after mandibular bone harvesting procedures was reported to be mainly related to temporary or permanent neural disturbances involving the inferior alveolar nerve and its branches [19]. In this study, only the incidence of the temporary hypoesthesia of the mandibular and lingual nerve after harvesting from the retromolar area could be detected. It was 10.4 and 2.8%, respecti...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Systematic reviews have failed to find evidence that one particular grafting technique is superior to others [10]. Intraoral bone grafts from the mandibular symphysis, mandibular ramus, and maxillary tuberosity provide a good treatment modality for ridge augmentation, and the amount of bone available for harvesting is sufficient for defects up to the width of three teeth [42]. Harvesting of retrom...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Several grafting procedures have been described to create sufficient volume of bone for implant placement [8, 9]. Autologous bone grafts can be harvested by an intraoral approach (mandibular ramus, mandibular symphysis, zygomatic buttress) or from distant sites (iliac crest, calvaria, and etc.) [17, 36, 37]. However, bone harvesting potentially causes donor site morbidity which is a major issue fo...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

The average healing period until implant placement after bone harvesting was 4.53 months. Initially, 546 implants in 279 patients were planned. After the healing period, it was possible to place 525 implants in 436 successfully augmented areas in 259 patients. Three hundred implants were inserted in the maxilla and 225 in the mandible. The remaining 21 implants planned for 20 patients could not b...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Regarding intraoperative complications, all sinus membrane perforations were covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®, Geistlich Biomaterials, Baden-Baden, Germany) which applied as sealant to overlap the site of perforation prior to insertion of the graft material. These patients were advised to avoid physical stress, blowing their noses, or sneezing for a period of 3 weeks, and n...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

No permanent damage to any trigeminal nerves was evident in any of our entire cohort. All cases of postoperative hypoesthesia of the mental, lingual, or infraorbital nerve were just a temporary nature. At the time of implant surgery, none of these patients reported any persisting neural disturbances (Fig. 4). In eleven patients, hypoesthesia of the mental area was mentioned, and three of them al...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Thirty-eight patients underwent a total of 116 augmentation procedures harvesting from the iliac crest. In 20 patients, a bone graft augmentation of the maxilla and the mandible in combination with bilateral sinus floor augmentations was performed. Eighteen patients had augmentations only in the maxilla, involving bone grafting and sinus lift elevations. Totally, 76 sinus lifts with bone material ...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

In six patients, a partial graft resorption was detected at the time of implantation and an additional simultaneous augmentation with bone chips harvested with the Safescraper device (C.G.M. S.p.A., Divisione Medicale META, Italy) was then necessary in order to ensure the osseointegration of the implants. Two out of these six cases had grafts from the crista zygomatico-alveolaris, two from the ram...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

A total of 112 sinus floor elevations were performed. In all of the cases, implants were inserted in a two-stage procedure. The donor site for harvesting the bone for the sinus elevations was in 76 procedures in the iliac crest area, and in 36 procedures, the bone was harvested with a bone scraper device from the lateral sinus wall at the site of sinus lifting. The distribution and number of tran...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Two hundred seventy-nine patients—250 men and 29 women—underwent 456 augmentation procedures involving autologous bone grafts prior to implant placement. The patients ranged in age from 18.5 to 71.5 years (average 43.1 years) at the moment of augmentation surgery. Of those patients, 162 (58.1%) were younger than 40 years of age and 117 (41.9%) were older than 40 years of age. Caries or pe...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Early and late implant loss was documented in this study, defining the clinical success of osseointegration. Early implant failures were assessed before the acquisition of osseointegration, i.e., before the placement of prosthodontic restorations. Early implant failure could occur from the time of placement, during the healing phase and before abutment connection. The implant inserted after re-aug...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Medical history of patient Age of patient at the time of bone harvesting and augmentation History of periodontal disease Smoking habits Donor site Jaw area and dental situation of the recipient site Intraoperative complications Postoperative complications after augmentation Management of complications Bone graft stability and clinical resorption prior to implant placement Complications a...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

In addition to the bone already gained with the bone scraper device from the sinus wall during the antrostomy, bone was harvested with the same device from the maxillary buccal buttress, if more volume was needed. By taking this approach, the collection of enough bone for the augmentation of at least two implantation sites was feasible with a mean surgical time of 5 to 10 min for harvesting. In c...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Grafting from the iliac crest was always performed under general anesthesia in a two-team approach. The iliac crest was exposed and autogenous grafts from the anterosuperior inner edge of the iliac wing were harvested with an oscillating saw and/or a chisel, keeping a safe distance of around 2 cm from the anterosuperior iliac spine. After harvesting the bone grafts, the corticocancellous bone blo...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

A standardized two-stage surgical protocol was used, and all sites were treated in a similar fashion. In the first intervention, a bone block harvested from the donor site was fixed with osteosynthesis titanium screws to the recipient site as an onlay graft to achieve a horizontal and/or vertical enlargement of the alveolar ridge. Placement of the bone graft was always guided by an augmentation te...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

For this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the records of all patients without exclusion criteria who were referred to the department of oral and plastic maxillofacial surgery at the military hospital of Ulm, Germany, between January 2009 and December 2011 for alveolar ridge augmentations prior to implant insertions using autologous bone grafts harvested from different donor sites and unilat...

Background : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

In our military outpatient center exclusively, autologous bone transplantations harvested from different donor sites were used intraorally (crista zygomatico-alveolaris, ramus mandible, symphysis mandible, anterior sinus wall) and extraorally (iliac crest) to reconstruct severe horizontal and/or vertical alveolar ridge atrophy prior to implant placement. The aim of this study was to assess the cli...

Background : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Although the iliac crest is most often used in jaw reconstruction, a significant bone resorption has been mentioned [12]. This disadvantage, and the fact that dental implants do not always require a large amount of bone, has increased the use of autologous block bone grafts from intraoral sources [13]. Bone grafts from intraoral donor sites offer several benefits like surgical accessibility, proxi...

Background : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Oral implantation has a significant role in the rehabilitation of patients. Bone reconstruction techniques have been advanced in order to optimize the esthetic and functional outcome. However, the restoration of the oral function of atrophic alveolar crests still remains a challenge in oral implantology. Bone augmentation procedures are often indicated to allow implant placement in an optimal thre...

Abstract : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implanto...

This review demonstrates the predictability of autologous bone material in alveolar ridge reconstructions prior to implant insertion, independent from donor and recipient site including even autologous bone chips for sinus elevation. Due to the low harvesting morbidity of autologous bone grafts, the clinical results of our study indicate that autologous bone grafts still remain the “gold standar...

Abstract : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implanto...

This study assessed the clinical outcomes of graft success rate and early implant survival rate after preprosthetic alveolar ridge reconstruction with autologous bone grafts. A consecutive retrospective study was conducted on all patients who were treated at the military outpatient clinic of the Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery at the military hospital in Ulm (Germany) in the ...

Fig. 5. Survival rate of dental implants after aut...

Fig. 5. Survival rate of dental implants after autologous bone augmentation Fig. 5. Survival rate of dental implants after autologous bone augmentation

Fig. 4. Postoperative nerve alterations. Single as...

Fig. 4. Postoperative nerve alterations. Single asterisk, N refers to the total number of the surgical approaches in the mandible (N = 155). Double asterisk, N refers to the total number of the surgical approaches in the maxilla (N = 225) Fig. 4. Postoperative nerve alterations. Single asterisk, N refers to the total number of the surgical approaches in the mandible (N = 155). Dou...

Fig. 3. Surgical outcome after autologous augmenta...

Fig. 3. Surgical outcome after autologous augmentation procedures from different donor sites Fig. 3. Surgical outcome after autologous augmentation procedures from different donor sites

Fig. 2. Survival rate of autologous bone grafts : ...

Fig. 2. Survival rate of autologous bone grafts Fig. 2. Survival rate of autologous bone grafts

Fig. 1. Postoperative complications at the donor a...

Fig. 1. Postoperative complications at the donor and recipient site, N refers to the total number of the donor sites (N = 300), N refers to the total number of the recipient sites (N = 378) Fig. 1. Postoperative complications at the donor and recipient site, N refers to the total number of the donor sites (N = 300), N refers to the total number of the recipient sites (N = 378)

Table 3 Intra- and postoperative complications aft...

Postoperative complications %/procedures (N) At donor sitea    Wound infection 2.6% (8/300) At recipient site...

Table 2 Donor sites and numbers of bone grafts as ...

Donor site Bone grafts (N)/patients (N) Lateral zygomatic buttress 113/112 Mandibular ramus (retromolar) ...

Table 1 Patient characteristics at the time of aug...

Patient characteristics N (%) Gendera    Male 250 (89.6%)  Female 29 (10.4%) ...

About this article : Autogenous bone grafts in ora...

Sakkas, A., Wilde, F., Heufelder, M. et al. Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantology—is it still a “gold standard”? A consecutive review of 279 patients with 456 clinical procedures. Int J Implant Dent 3, 23 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0084-4 Download citation Received: 27 February 2017 Accepted: 22 May 2017 Published: 01 June 2017 DOI: https://doi...

Rights and permissions : Autogenous bone grafts in...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Autogenous bone grafts in ora...

Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, Military Hospital Ulm, Academic Hospital of the University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Germany Andreas Sakkas, Frank Wilde, Marcus Heufelder & Alexander Schramm Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty of Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany Karsten Winter Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospit...

Acknowledgements : Autogenous bone grafts in oral ...

The authors thank the patients for their kindness to participate as study cases and the whole medical team at the Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm. AS participated in its design and coordination, carried out the data selection, and drafted the manuscript, and is the corresponding author. FW participated in its design and coordination and helped in drafting the manuscript. MH participated in its design a...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Semper W, Kraft S, Mehrhof J, Nelson K. Impact of abutment rotation and angulation on marginal fit: theoretical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010;25:752–8. Wiltfang J, Jätschmann N, Hedderich J, Neukam FW, Schlegel KA, Gierloff M. Effect of deproteinized bovine bone matrix coverage on the resorption of iliac cortico-spongeous bone grafts—a prospective study of two cohorts....

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Chiapasco M, Zaniboni M. Clinical outcomes of GBR procedures to correct peri-implant dehiscences and fenestrations: a systematic review. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2009;20:113–23. Felice P, Pellegrino G, Checchi L, Pistilli R, Esposito M. Vertical augmentation with interpositional blocks of anorganic bovine bone vs. 7-mm-long implants in posterior mandibles: 1-year results of a randomized clinical...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Verdugo F, Castillo A, Moragues MD, Pontón J. Bone microbial contamination influences autogenous grafting in sinus augmentation. J Periodontol. 2009;80:1355–64. Wiltfang J, Schultze-Mosgau S, Merten HA, Kessler P, Ludwig A, Engelke W. Endoscopic and ultrasonographic evaluation of the maxillary sinus after combined sinus floor augmentation and implant insertion. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol O...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

von Arx T, Buser D. Horizontal ridge augmentation using autogenous block grafts and the guided bone regeneration technique with collagen membranes: a clinical study with 42 patients. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2006;17:359–66. Levin L, Nitzan D, Schwartz-Arad D. Success of dental implants placed in intraoral block bone grafts. J Periodontol. 2007;78:18–21. Andersson L. Patient self-evaluation of...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Aghaloo TL, Moy PK. Which hard tissue augmentation techniques are the most successful in furnishing bony support for implant placement? Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2007;22:49–70. Margonar R, dos Santos PL, Queiroz TP, Marcantonio E. Rehabilitation of atrophic maxilla using the combination of autogenous and allogeneic bone grafts followed by protocol-type prosthesis. J Craniofac Surg. 2010;2...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Schwartz-Arad D, Dori S. Intraoral autogenous onlay block bone grafting for implant dentistry. Refuat Hapeh Vehashinayim. 2002;19:35–9. 77. Misch CM. Ridge augmentation using mandibular ramus bone grafts for the placement of dental implants: presentation of a technique. Pract Periodontics Aesthet Dent. 1996;8:127–35. Altiparmak N, Soydan SS, Uckan S. The effect of conventional surgery and pi...

References : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Jensen AT, Jensen SS, Worsaae N. Complications related to bone augmentation procedures of localized defects in the alveolar ridge. A retrospective clinical study. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;20(2):115–22 [Epub ahead of print]. Buser D, Dula K, Hirt HP, Schenk RK. Lateral ridge augmentation using autografts and barrier membranes: clinical study with 40 partially edentulous patients. J Oral Maxill...

Conclusions : Autogenous bone grafts in oral impla...

The results of the clinical study proves the reliability and low comorbidity of autologous bone grafts in preprosthetic alveolar ridge reconstructions prior to implant insertion. The high graft success rate (95.6%) and the low early implant failure rate (0.38%) in a surveillance of all patients treated in three following years with this technique showing no exclusion and no dropout of any case for...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Data on risk factors based on the original examination and documentation are difficult to assess the adverse effects of variable factors on the surgical prognosis because of the multifactorial genesis of surgical complications [73]. Factors such as gender, age, or smoking habit could be associated with postoperative complications after two-stage dentoalveolar reconstruction with autologous bone gr...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

The results of the present study have to take into account the absence of a control group with patients undergoing bone augmentation procedures with bone substitutes (allogen, alloplastic, exogen). Without a comparative group of grafting surgeries using alternative bone material, only limited statements can be made. However, the excellent surgical outcome of autologous surgical methods providing ...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

The use of autologous bone in this study has shown excellent graft survival and success rate (95.6%). This is equal to the results from the studies on implants inserted in reconstructed sites [6, 8, 24]. The early implant survival rate of 99.7% found in the present material is very high comparable to that in the previous systematic reviews after staged horizontal ridge augmentation [9, 10, 22, 62,...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Of the sinus floor elevations performed in this study, 84.8% were defined absolutely successful. Only two of our 72 patients having sinus lift operations could not finally be treated with dental implants. These results are comparable to other studies considering the sinus graft to be a safe treatment modality with few complications [6, 8, 51,52,53]. Raghoebar et al. reported incidences of sinus co...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Postoperative morbidity after mandibular bone harvesting procedures was reported to be mainly related to temporary or permanent neural disturbances involving the inferior alveolar nerve and its branches [19]. In this study, only the incidence of the temporary hypoesthesia of the mandibular and lingual nerve after harvesting from the retromolar area could be detected. It was 10.4 and 2.8%, respecti...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Systematic reviews have failed to find evidence that one particular grafting technique is superior to others [10]. Intraoral bone grafts from the mandibular symphysis, mandibular ramus, and maxillary tuberosity provide a good treatment modality for ridge augmentation, and the amount of bone available for harvesting is sufficient for defects up to the width of three teeth [42]. Harvesting of retrom...

Discussion : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Several grafting procedures have been described to create sufficient volume of bone for implant placement [8, 9]. Autologous bone grafts can be harvested by an intraoral approach (mandibular ramus, mandibular symphysis, zygomatic buttress) or from distant sites (iliac crest, calvaria, and etc.) [17, 36, 37]. However, bone harvesting potentially causes donor site morbidity which is a major issue fo...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

The surgical outcome after augmentation and implantation procedures is presented in Fig. 5.

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

The average healing period until implant placement after bone harvesting was 4.53 months. Initially, 546 implants in 279 patients were planned. After the healing period, it was possible to place 525 implants in 436 successfully augmented areas in 259 patients. Three hundred implants were inserted in the maxilla and 225 in the mandible. The remaining 21 implants planned for 20 patients could not b...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Regarding intraoperative complications, all sinus membrane perforations were covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®, Geistlich Biomaterials, Baden-Baden, Germany) which applied as sealant to overlap the site of perforation prior to insertion of the graft material. These patients were advised to avoid physical stress, blowing their noses, or sneezing for a period of 3 weeks, and n...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

No permanent damage to any trigeminal nerves was evident in any of our entire cohort. All cases of postoperative hypoesthesia of the mental, lingual, or infraorbital nerve were just a temporary nature. At the time of implant surgery, none of these patients reported any persisting neural disturbances (Fig. 4). In eleven patients, hypoesthesia of the mental area was mentioned, and three of them al...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Thirty-eight patients underwent a total of 116 augmentation procedures harvesting from the iliac crest. In 20 patients, a bone graft augmentation of the maxilla and the mandible in combination with bilateral sinus floor augmentations was performed. Eighteen patients had augmentations only in the maxilla, involving bone grafting and sinus lift elevations. Totally, 76 sinus lifts with bone material ...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

A total of 104 retromolar bone graft procedures in 86 patients were conducted. Twenty-two harvesting procedures were performed for augmentation of the maxilla and 82 for the mandible. Seven retromolar bone grafts (93.2%) in seven single-tooth gap dental regions by seven patients had been lost. Therefore, seven implants could not be inserted in augmented alveolar sites after graft failure. Three of...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

In six patients, a partial graft resorption was detected at the time of implantation and an additional simultaneous augmentation with bone chips harvested with the Safescraper device (C.G.M. S.p.A., Divisione Medicale META, Italy) was then necessary in order to ensure the osseointegration of the implants. Two out of these six cases had grafts from the crista zygomatico-alveolaris, two from the ram...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

A total of 112 sinus floor elevations were performed. In all of the cases, implants were inserted in a two-stage procedure. The donor site for harvesting the bone for the sinus elevations was in 76 procedures in the iliac crest area, and in 36 procedures, the bone was harvested with a bone scraper device from the lateral sinus wall at the site of sinus lifting. The distribution and number of tran...

Results : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Two hundred seventy-nine patients—250 men and 29 women—underwent 456 augmentation procedures involving autologous bone grafts prior to implant placement. The patients ranged in age from 18.5 to 71.5 years (average 43.1 years) at the moment of augmentation surgery. Of those patients, 162 (58.1%) were younger than 40 years of age and 117 (41.9%) were older than 40 years of age. Caries or pe...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Early and late implant loss was documented in this study, defining the clinical success of osseointegration. Early implant failures were assessed before the acquisition of osseointegration, i.e., before the placement of prosthodontic restorations. Early implant failure could occur from the time of placement, during the healing phase and before abutment connection. The implant inserted after re-aug...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Medical history of patient Age of patient at the time of bone harvesting and augmentation History of periodontal disease Smoking habits Donor site Jaw area and dental situation of the recipient site Intraoperative complications Postoperative complications after augmentation Management of complications Bone graft stability and clinical resorption prior to implant placement Complications a...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

In addition to the bone already gained with the bone scraper device from the sinus wall during the antrostomy, bone was harvested with the same device from the maxillary buccal buttress, if more volume was needed. By taking this approach, the collection of enough bone for the augmentation of at least two implantation sites was feasible with a mean surgical time of 5 to 10 min for harvesting. In c...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

Grafting from the iliac crest was always performed under general anesthesia in a two-team approach. The iliac crest was exposed and autogenous grafts from the anterosuperior inner edge of the iliac wing were harvested with an oscillating saw and/or a chisel, keeping a safe distance of around 2 cm from the anterosuperior iliac spine. After harvesting the bone grafts, the corticocancellous bone blo...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

A standardized two-stage surgical protocol was used, and all sites were treated in a similar fashion. In the first intervention, a bone block harvested from the donor site was fixed with osteosynthesis titanium screws to the recipient site as an onlay graft to achieve a horizontal and/or vertical enlargement of the alveolar ridge. Placement of the bone graft was always guided by an augmentation te...

Methods : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantol...

For this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the records of all patients without exclusion criteria who were referred to the department of oral and plastic maxillofacial surgery at the military hospital of Ulm, Germany, between January 2009 and December 2011 for alveolar ridge augmentations prior to implant insertions using autologous bone grafts harvested from different donor sites and unilat...

Background : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

In our military outpatient center exclusively, autologous bone transplantations harvested from different donor sites were used intraorally (crista zygomatico-alveolaris, ramus mandible, symphysis mandible, anterior sinus wall) and extraorally (iliac crest) to reconstruct severe horizontal and/or vertical alveolar ridge atrophy prior to implant placement. The aim of this study was to assess the cli...

Background : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Although the iliac crest is most often used in jaw reconstruction, a significant bone resorption has been mentioned [12]. This disadvantage, and the fact that dental implants do not always require a large amount of bone, has increased the use of autologous block bone grafts from intraoral sources [13]. Bone grafts from intraoral donor sites offer several benefits like surgical accessibility, proxi...

Background : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implan...

Oral implantation has a significant role in the rehabilitation of patients. Bone reconstruction techniques have been advanced in order to optimize the esthetic and functional outcome. However, the restoration of the oral function of atrophic alveolar crests still remains a challenge in oral implantology. Bone augmentation procedures are often indicated to allow implant placement in an optimal thre...

Abstract : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implanto...

This review demonstrates the predictability of autologous bone material in alveolar ridge reconstructions prior to implant insertion, independent from donor and recipient site including even autologous bone chips for sinus elevation. Due to the low harvesting morbidity of autologous bone grafts, the clinical results of our study indicate that autologous bone grafts still remain the “gold standar...

Abstract : Autogenous bone grafts in oral implanto...

This study assessed the clinical outcomes of graft success rate and early implant survival rate after preprosthetic alveolar ridge reconstruction with autologous bone grafts. A consecutive retrospective study was conducted on all patients who were treated at the military outpatient clinic of the Department of Oral and Plastic Maxillofacial Surgery at the military hospital in Ulm (Germany) in the ...