Table 2 Summary of implant survival and implant success in autogenous bone grafts
Table 2 Summary of implant survival and implant success in autogenous bone grafts
author: Dominic P Laverty,Robert Kelly,Owen Addison | publisher: drg. Andreas Tjandra, Sp. Perio, FISID
Implant survival
Implant success
Author
Year of publication
Donor site of autogenous bone graft
Radiotherapy/chemotherapy to bone graft site
Complications
No. of patients who had implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and failures)
Overall patient implant survival in autogenous bone grafts
No. of implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and failures)
Overall implant survival in autogenous bone grafts
No. of patients who had implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and unsuccessful)
Overall patient implant success in autogenous bone grafts
No. of implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and unsuccessful)
Overall implant success in autogenous bone grafts
Reasons for a lack of implant success
Studies with an average follow-up of 3 years or greater
Watzinger et al. [29]
1996
Vascularised iliac bone graft and non-vascularised iliac and rib bone graft
Yes—all patients had chemotherapy and RDX
Marginal bone loss, periodontal pocketing, gingival index and sulcus bleeding index showed wide variation
Not reported
N/A
52 (14)
73.1%*
Not reported
N/A
52 (22)
57.7%*
Non-functioning implants (not prosthetically loaded)
Teoh et al. [26]
2005
Vascularised fibula free flap
Yes—5 patients had chemotherapy, 1 patients had chemo/RDX (pre-implant placement), 6 patients had pre-op RDX and 1 patient had post-op RDX.
13 patients had soft tissue hyperplasia that need debulking or skin grafting
22 (2)
90.9%*
71 (3)
95.8%*
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Wu et al. [30]
2008
Fibula free flap
Yes—3 patients had RDX (unsure if pre or post-op)
Soft tissue hyperplasia needed surgical removal in 6 patients (17 implants).
29 (not reported)
N/A
100 (9)
91.0%
29 (not reported)
N/A
100 (14)
86.0%
Unfavourable local soft tissue and implant left as sleepers. Peri-implant bone loss greater than 2 mm
Fenlon et al. [19]
2012
Vascularised free flap—DCIA, radial, fibula and rib
Yes—35 implants had RDX
High rate of poor implant positioning in primary implant placement.
41 (10)
75.6%*
145 (18)
87.5%*
Not reported
N/A
145 (34)
76.6%*
Implants osseointegrated but prosthetically unusable
Ch’ng et al. [20]
2014
Vascularised fibula free flap
Yes −66/243 patients had RDX (43 patients pre-op RDX, 23 patients post-op RDX)
ORN 7.7% of all implants (19 patients, 4 cases in vascularised fibula free flap and 15 in native bone) smoking was shown to be a significant risk factors. Also modification of peri-implant soft tissue required such as debulking of soft tissue and vestibuloplasty as required.
54 (10)
81.5%*
243 (20)
91.8%
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Shaw et al. [31]
2005
Vascularised composite DCIA, fibula and radius and non-vascularised bone grafts
Yes—47% of patients had RDX
Soft tissue overgrowth in 3 patients (5 implants). Also, surgical debulk of soft tissue reported in number of cases.
33 (12)
63.6%*
123 (32)
69.0%
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Wang et al. [21]
2015
Vascularised fibula free flap (double barrel or vertical distraction osteogenesis techniques)
NO
Implant hygiene and bleeding increased over time. 6 patients (11 implants) required soft tissue reduction however recurrence of soft tissue overgrowth occurred.
19 (0)
100%
51 (0)
100%*
Not reported
N/A
51 (7)
86.3%*
Peri-implant bone loss greater than criteria (radiographic assessment)
Yerit et al. [16]
2006
Vascularised and non-vascularised iliac bone graft
No—No RDX to bone graft sites
None noted only documenting causes of implant loss
Not reported
N/A
78 (13)
54.0%
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Linsen et al. [17]
2009
Avascularised iliac bone graft
Yes—39 implants had RDX, 44 implants did not have RDX
Peri-implantitis in 12 patients (31 implants).
Not reported
N/A
79 (8)
89.9%*
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Studies with an average follow-up of less than 3 years or no average follow-up reported
Fierz et al. [25]
2013
Vascularised free flap—fibula, radius, scapula
Yes—20 out of 46 implants had RDX
Frail patients limited treatment, and prosthetic rehabilitation was challenging
Not reported
N/A
46 (8)
82.6%*
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Barrowman et al. [7]
2011
Vascularised free flap—illiac, DCIA and fibula and non-vascularised bone graft.
Yes—15 implants in to irradiated vascularised free flap
Inability of patients to tolerate prosthesis. Peri-implantitis and lack of integration of some implants.
Not reported
N/A
38 (5)
86.8%*
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Zou et al. [22]
2013
Vascularised iliac bone graft
No
Increase in plaque index over time. Prosthodontic complications overtime after prosthesis fitted also tumour recurrence
32 (not reported)
N/A
110 (4)
96.4%
Not reported
N/A
110 (9)
91.8%
Severe gingival hyperplasia and bone resorption in peri-implant area
Schultes et al. [15]
2002
Vascularised scapula and iliac bone graft
Yes—all patients had RDX 60 Gys.
Increased pocket depth around implants placed into non-native bone in comparison to native bone. 7 implants with pocketing greater than 5 mm were all in vascularised free flaps
38 (2)
94.7%*
96 (2)
97.9%*
Not reported
N/A
96 (4)
95.8%*
Implants inadequately positioned and could not be used for further prosthetic treatment
Buddula et al. [24]
2010
Bone graft—fibula, iliac and scapula (unsure of vascularised or non-vascularised)
Yes—all patients had RDX
None noted only documenting implant survival
Not reported
N/A
59 (8)
83.3%
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Klein et al. [32]
2009
Avascular iliac bone graft
Yes—some patients had RDX
None noted only documenting implant survival
Not reported
N/A
128 (22)
78.4%
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Burgess et al. [27]
2017
Vascularized bone grafts—fibula, DCIA, scapula and radial
Yes—some patients had RDX
None noted only documenting implant survival
59 (not reported)
N/A
199 (11)
93.6%
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Chiapasco et al. [18]
2006
Vascularised fibula free flap
Yes—some patients had RDX and chemo—unknown number
Soft tissue overgrowth in 2 patients that required removal and palatal mucosal graft placed
14 (1)
92.9%*
62 (1)
98.3%*
14 (2)
85.7%*
62 (5)
91.9%*
Peri-implant bone loss greater than criteria (radiographic assessment)
Chiapasco et al. [23]
2008
Non-vascularised—Calvarium or iliac bone graft
Unknown
Soft tissue grafting required around implants in 3 patients
16 (1)
93.8%*
60 (2)
96.7%
16 (2)
87.5%*
60 (4)
93.3%
Peri-implant bone loss greater than criteria (radiographic assessment)
Chiapasco et al. [33]
2000
Non-vascularised—ilieum and fibula, and vascularised free flap—ilieum and fibula
Yes—3 patients had RDX (unknown if pre or post)
Soft tissue grafting required around implants in 3 patients
18 (2)
88.9%*
72 (3)
95.8%*
18 (2)
88.9%*
72 (3)
95.8%*
N/A
Hessling et al. [28]
2015
Free iliac crest, microvascular iliac, microvascular fibula, microvascular scapula, calavarial bone graft
Yes—some patients had RDX and chemo (pre- and post-op) unknown number
67% peri-implantitis due to a lack of attached gingivae
Not reported
N/A
93 (8)
91.4%*
Not reported
N/A
Not reported
N/A
N/A
Serial posts:
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Survival of dental implants placed in autogenous bone grafts and bone flaps
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Introduction : Survival of dental implants placed
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Methods : Survival of dental implants placed (1)
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Methods : Survival of dental implants placed (2)
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Methods : Survival of dental implants placed (3)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (1)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (2)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (3)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (4)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (5)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (6)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (7)
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Results : Survival of dental implants placed (8)
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Discussion : Survival of dental implants placed (1)
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Discussion : Survival of dental implants placed (2)
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Discussion : Survival of dental implants placed (3)
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Conclusion : Survival of dental implants placed
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References : Survival of dental implants placed
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Figure 1. Flow chart of study selection procedure
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Table 1 Study characteristics and MINORS scores
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Table 2 Summary of implant survival and implant success in autogenous bone grafts
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Table 3 Implant survival in autogenous bone grafts placed in vascularised and non-vascularised bone grafts
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Table 4 Implant survival in autogenous bone grafts of irradiated & non-irradiated patients
| Implant survival | Implant success | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Year of publication | Donor site of autogenous bone graft | Radiotherapy/chemotherapy to bone graft site | Complications | |||||||||
| No. of patients who had implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and failures) | Overall patient implant survival in autogenous bone grafts | No. of implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and failures) | Overall implant survival in autogenous bone grafts | No. of patients who had implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and unsuccessful) | Overall patient implant success in autogenous bone grafts | No. of implants placed into autogenous bone grafts (and unsuccessful) | Overall implant success in autogenous bone grafts | Reasons for a lack of implant success | |||||
| Studies with an average follow-up of 3 years or greater | |||||||||||||
| Watzinger et al. [29] | 1996 | Vascularised iliac bone graft and non-vascularised iliac and rib bone graft | Yes—all patients had chemotherapy and RDX | Marginal bone loss, periodontal pocketing, gingival index and sulcus bleeding index showed wide variation | Not reported | N/A | 52 (14) | 73.1%* | Not reported | N/A | 52 (22) | 57.7%* | Non-functioning implants (not prosthetically loaded) |
| Teoh et al. [26] | 2005 | Vascularised fibula free flap | Yes—5 patients had chemotherapy, 1 patients had chemo/RDX (pre-implant placement), 6 patients had pre-op RDX and 1 patient had post-op RDX. | 13 patients had soft tissue hyperplasia that need debulking or skin grafting | 22 (2) | 90.9%* | 71 (3) | 95.8%* | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Wu et al. [30] | 2008 | Fibula free flap | Yes—3 patients had RDX (unsure if pre or post-op) | Soft tissue hyperplasia needed surgical removal in 6 patients (17 implants). | 29 (not reported) | N/A | 100 (9) | 91.0% | 29 (not reported) | N/A | 100 (14) | 86.0% | Unfavourable local soft tissue and implant left as sleepers. Peri-implant bone loss greater than 2 mm |
| Fenlon et al. [19] | 2012 | Vascularised free flap—DCIA, radial, fibula and rib | Yes—35 implants had RDX | High rate of poor implant positioning in primary implant placement. | 41 (10) | 75.6%* | 145 (18) | 87.5%* | Not reported | N/A | 145 (34) | 76.6%* | Implants osseointegrated but prosthetically unusable |
| Ch’ng et al. [20] | 2014 | Vascularised fibula free flap | Yes −66/243 patients had RDX (43 patients pre-op RDX, 23 patients post-op RDX) | ORN 7.7% of all implants (19 patients, 4 cases in vascularised fibula free flap and 15 in native bone) smoking was shown to be a significant risk factors. Also modification of peri-implant soft tissue required such as debulking of soft tissue and vestibuloplasty as required. | 54 (10) | 81.5%* | 243 (20) | 91.8% | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Shaw et al. [31] | 2005 | Vascularised composite DCIA, fibula and radius and non-vascularised bone grafts | Yes—47% of patients had RDX | Soft tissue overgrowth in 3 patients (5 implants). Also, surgical debulk of soft tissue reported in number of cases. | 33 (12) | 63.6%* | 123 (32) | 69.0% | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Wang et al. [21] | 2015 | Vascularised fibula free flap (double barrel or vertical distraction osteogenesis techniques) | NO | Implant hygiene and bleeding increased over time. 6 patients (11 implants) required soft tissue reduction however recurrence of soft tissue overgrowth occurred. | 19 (0) | 100% | 51 (0) | 100%* | Not reported | N/A | 51 (7) | 86.3%* | Peri-implant bone loss greater than criteria (radiographic assessment) |
| Yerit et al. [16] | 2006 | Vascularised and non-vascularised iliac bone graft | No—No RDX to bone graft sites | None noted only documenting causes of implant loss | Not reported | N/A | 78 (13) | 54.0% | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Linsen et al. [17] | 2009 | Avascularised iliac bone graft | Yes—39 implants had RDX, 44 implants did not have RDX | Peri-implantitis in 12 patients (31 implants). | Not reported | N/A | 79 (8) | 89.9%* | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Studies with an average follow-up of less than 3 years or no average follow-up reported | |||||||||||||
| Fierz et al. [25] | 2013 | Vascularised free flap—fibula, radius, scapula | Yes—20 out of 46 implants had RDX | Frail patients limited treatment, and prosthetic rehabilitation was challenging | Not reported | N/A | 46 (8) | 82.6%* | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Barrowman et al. [7] | 2011 | Vascularised free flap—illiac, DCIA and fibula and non-vascularised bone graft. | Yes—15 implants in to irradiated vascularised free flap | Inability of patients to tolerate prosthesis. Peri-implantitis and lack of integration of some implants. | Not reported | N/A | 38 (5) | 86.8%* | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Zou et al. [22] | 2013 | Vascularised iliac bone graft | No | Increase in plaque index over time. Prosthodontic complications overtime after prosthesis fitted also tumour recurrence | 32 (not reported) | N/A | 110 (4) | 96.4% | Not reported | N/A | 110 (9) | 91.8% | Severe gingival hyperplasia and bone resorption in peri-implant area |
| Schultes et al. [15] | 2002 | Vascularised scapula and iliac bone graft | Yes—all patients had RDX 60 Gys. | Increased pocket depth around implants placed into non-native bone in comparison to native bone. 7 implants with pocketing greater than 5 mm were all in vascularised free flaps | 38 (2) | 94.7%* | 96 (2) | 97.9%* | Not reported | N/A | 96 (4) | 95.8%* | Implants inadequately positioned and could not be used for further prosthetic treatment |
| Buddula et al. [24] | 2010 | Bone graft—fibula, iliac and scapula (unsure of vascularised or non-vascularised) | Yes—all patients had RDX | None noted only documenting implant survival | Not reported | N/A | 59 (8) | 83.3% | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Klein et al. [32] | 2009 | Avascular iliac bone graft | Yes—some patients had RDX | None noted only documenting implant survival | Not reported | N/A | 128 (22) | 78.4% | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Burgess et al. [27] | 2017 | Vascularized bone grafts—fibula, DCIA, scapula and radial | Yes—some patients had RDX | None noted only documenting implant survival | 59 (not reported) | N/A | 199 (11) | 93.6% | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
| Chiapasco et al. [18] | 2006 | Vascularised fibula free flap | Yes—some patients had RDX and chemo—unknown number | Soft tissue overgrowth in 2 patients that required removal and palatal mucosal graft placed | 14 (1) | 92.9%* | 62 (1) | 98.3%* | 14 (2) | 85.7%* | 62 (5) | 91.9%* | Peri-implant bone loss greater than criteria (radiographic assessment) |
| Chiapasco et al. [23] | 2008 | Non-vascularised—Calvarium or iliac bone graft | Unknown | Soft tissue grafting required around implants in 3 patients | 16 (1) | 93.8%* | 60 (2) | 96.7% | 16 (2) | 87.5%* | 60 (4) | 93.3% | Peri-implant bone loss greater than criteria (radiographic assessment) |
| Chiapasco et al. [33] | 2000 | Non-vascularised—ilieum and fibula, and vascularised free flap—ilieum and fibula | Yes—3 patients had RDX (unknown if pre or post) | Soft tissue grafting required around implants in 3 patients | 18 (2) | 88.9%* | 72 (3) | 95.8%* | 18 (2) | 88.9%* | 72 (3) | 95.8%* | N/A |
| Hessling et al. [28] | 2015 | Free iliac crest, microvascular iliac, microvascular fibula, microvascular scapula, calavarial bone graft | Yes—some patients had RDX and chemo (pre- and post-op) unknown number | 67% peri-implantitis due to a lack of attached gingivae | Not reported | N/A | 93 (8) | 91.4%* | Not reported | N/A | Not reported | N/A | N/A |
- Survival of dental implants placed in autogenous bone grafts and bone flaps
- Introduction : Survival of dental implants placed
- Methods : Survival of dental implants placed (1)
- Methods : Survival of dental implants placed (2)
- Methods : Survival of dental implants placed (3)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (1)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (2)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (3)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (4)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (5)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (6)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (7)
- Results : Survival of dental implants placed (8)
- Discussion : Survival of dental implants placed (1)
- Discussion : Survival of dental implants placed (2)
- Discussion : Survival of dental implants placed (3)
- Conclusion : Survival of dental implants placed
- References : Survival of dental implants placed
- Figure 1. Flow chart of study selection procedure
- Table 1 Study characteristics and MINORS scores
- Table 2 Summary of implant survival and implant success in autogenous bone grafts
- Table 3 Implant survival in autogenous bone grafts placed in vascularised and non-vascularised bone grafts
- Table 4 Implant survival in autogenous bone grafts of irradiated & non-irradiated patients