Therefore, the results of the present study indicate that the acid treatments used did not compromise cell growth nor collagen synthesis by gingival fibroblasts compared to machined titanium. The cost-benefit of manufacturing prosthetic abutments with treated surfaces should however be considered. In addition, in vitro studies using human keratinocytes and histological studies in vivo should be performed to identify the profile and direction of the fibers associated to these surfaces, which may shed a light on whether the appropriate perimplant biological seal actually occurs. The literature shows a lack of conclusive studies on this subject, so further work is needed to reach an ideal surface for prosthetic components over implants, promoting perimplant connective tissue health based on tissue adhesion and, consequently, a better seal between soft tissue and prosthetic component.