It is important to measure the Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) of single-piece mini dental implants as they are becoming increasingly popular, with the concomitant increase in publications demonstrating their high survival and success rates. Although the clinical use of Osstell devices is also increasing, there is lack of studies on its use with single-piece implants, which do not have internal threads. Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) is an objective and standardized method for measuring implant stability clinically ranging from 55 to 80, with higher values usually observed in the mandible [49]. The ISQ scale has a non-linear correlation to micro mobility. With more than 700 scientific references, we now know that high stability means >70 ISQ, between 60 and 69 is medium stability, and <60 ISQ is considered as low stability.

The rabbit tibias have been used to determine longitudinal changes in the resonance frequency and measured for over 168 days from the time of implant insertion, and it was observed that resonance frequency values increased over time [38].

However, the relationship between the bone density and ISQ is not significant [50]. Therefore, higher ISQ values are a sign of bone anchorage of implants, but the relationship of resonance frequency analysis with bone structure is unclear [51–53]. ISQ values decline in the first 2 weeks after implant insertion, and these changes may be associated with early bone healing and marginal alveolar bone resorption. Bone remodeling reduces primary bone contact. In the early stage after implant placement, the formation of bony callus and increasing lamellar bone in the cortical bone causes major changes in bone density. Therefore, in the healing process, primary bone contact decreases and secondary bone contact increases [53, 32]. Degidi et al. [54] reported that there may also be a discrepancy as the histological analyses is a two-dimensional picture of the three-dimensional bone-implant contact.