As there are no studies that provide data based on resonance frequency measurements for single-piece MDIs, the exact RFA threshold values for MDIs may have to be identified with more studies conducted in vivo.

The resonance frequency assessment with a customized SmartPeg would be a useful tool to provide clinically useful information about the condition of the bone-implant interface of 3M™ ESPE™MDIs. Frequently, implant failures are associated with biomechanical reasons; implant stability assessment can reduce this to a great extent. The higher the RFA value, the higher the success in implant treatment and the lower the risk for failure in the future. On the other hand, lower RFA values may indicate greater risk for implant complications. The MDIs are usually immediately loaded. Resonance frequency measurement technique is also of value in evaluating the immediate loading implants [58]. The results of the present study are encouraging and show that it is possible to measure ISQ for these single-piece MDIs. This study is the first of its kind and similar type of studies should be conducted among humans, to make the results more meaningful and generalizable.