INTRODUCTION

Implant‐prosthetic rehabilitation is a clinical procedure used to solve cases of partial or total edentulism. A functioning implant may be subject to plaque‐associated biological complications, such as mucositis and peri‐implantitis.

Peri‐implant mucositis has been described as a reversible inflammatory lesion of the peri‐implant mucosa, whilst peri‐implantitis also describes the loss of the supporting bone according to the VIII EWP(European Workshop on Periodontology) namely the definitions established in the previous EWP consensus workshops published in 2008 and 2011.

Many longitudinal studies have reported an implant survival rate of 95% over a period of 5 to 10 years. Ferrigno et al. reported a biological failure rate of 1.4%, but this finding can depend on an underestimation of peri‐implant complications due to the length of the observation period being only 5 years. They enrolled only fully edentulous patients rehabilitated with a fixed complete denture (FCD) or overdentures but not patients treated with a fixed partial denture (FPD) and single‐tooth replacements for a comprehensive evaluation of the total sample.

In a recent study, Meijer et al. reported similar results in fully edentulous patients with an implant‐retained mandibular overdenture with a prevalence of peri‐implantitis directly proportional to the time of functional loading. The rate of peri‐implantitis observed during the study period was 24.4% among patients and 12.9% among implants.

In a recent meta‐analysis, Derks et al. estimated that the weighted mean prevalence of peri‐implantitis was 22% (95% confidence interval: 14% to 30%) among patients.

From a systematic review of the literature, albeit with a heterogeneity of primary studies, it emerged that the diagnosis of periodontitis or the history of periodontitis is a risk factor predisposing to peri‐implantitis.

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the survival and success rates as well as the incidence of peri‐implantitis among patients with a history of periodontitis and among implants with 1 to 10 years of functional loading.