author (y)
material used for fabrication of the template
radiographic marker used
imaging system used
conversion process
indication/ advantages
Engelman et al9
auto polymerizing acrylic resin
metal bearings
panoramic radiography
remove lingual surface, leaving only facial surface of the teeth in the proposed implant site
inexpensive, easy, improved visibility, external irr...
Conclusion
Although the completely limiting design is considered a far superior design concept, most clinicians still adopt the partially limiting design due to its cost-effectiveness and credibility in the field. In addition, it has been observed that most clinicians use surgical guide templates that are based on cross-sectional imaging to facilitate accurate planning and guidance during the sur...
CAD/CAM-based Surgical Guide
CAD/CAM technology uses data from computerized tomography scan (CT)33 to plan implant rehabilitation. The CT images are converted into data that are recognized by a CT imaging and planning software. This software then transfers this presurgical plan to the surgery site using stereolithographic drill guides.34 CAD/CAM-based surgical guides offer many advantages. For e...
Completely Limiting Design
Completely limiting design restricts all of the instruments used for the osteotomy in a buccolingual and mesiodistal plane. Moreover, the addition of drill stops limits the depth of the preparation, and thus, the positioning of the prosthetic table of the implant. As the surgical guides become more restrictive, less of the decision-making and subsequent surgical executi...
In such designs, the first drill used for the osteotomy is directed using the surgical guide, and the remainder of the osteotomy and implant placement is then finished freehand by the surgeon.6 Techniques based on this design concept involve fabrication of a radiographic template, which is then converted into a surgical guide template following radiographic evaluation. Various authors have propos...
Nonlimiting Design
Nonlimiting designs only provide an indication to the surgeon as to where the proposed prosthesis is in relation to the selected implant site.6 This design indicates the ideal location of the implants without any emphasis on the angulation of the drill, thus allowing too much flexibility in the final positioning of the implant.
Blustein et al7 and Engelman et al8 described...
Various techniques have been proposed for the fabrication of surgical guide templates in implant dentistry. The objective of this paper is to review the associated literature and recent advancements in this field, based on design concept. An electronic and hand search of the literature revealed 3 categories, namely, nonlimiting, partially limiting, and completely limiting design. Most clinicians s...