Abstract : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
Inflammatory osteolysis is the clinical hallmark of peri-implantitis. The morphology of the remaining peri-implant bone and the level of osseointegration, however, remain unknown. Our aim was to characterize advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans.
Four patients (3 female and 1 male) were diagnosed with peri-implantitis. A total of 5 implants with machined surfaces and a mean loading time of 12 ± 6 years were removed due to advanced bone loss. The defect extension, the peri-implant bone density (bone area per tissue area in percentage), bone-to-implant contact (%), and the number of filled and empty osteocyte lacunae were calculated based on undecalcified histological specimens.
The defect extension was on average 4.2 mm (95% CI 0.8–3.4). Remaining peri-implant bone showed a high density of 85.5% (95% CI 79.1–91.3) and covered in total 74% (95% CI 70.5–77.5) of the implant surface. Filled and empty osteocyte lacunae density was on average 191 and 165/mm2 (95% CI 132–251; 103–225), respectively. Histology further revealed signs of ongoing bone formation and resorption.
There are signs that suggest that once the original cortical bone is lost due to peri-implantitis, the remaining apical trabecular bone is reinforced and transformed into cortical bone that might take over the functional load.
Serial posts:
- Abstract : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Background : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Materials and methods : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [1]
- Materials and methods : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [2]
- Materials and methods : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [3]
- Results : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Discussion : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [1]
- Discussion : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [2]
- Conclusions : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Availability of data and materials : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Abbreviations : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- References : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [1]
- References : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [2]
- References : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [3]
- References : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [4]
- Acknowledgements : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Funding : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Author information : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [1]
- Author information : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans [2]
- Ethics declarations : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Additional information : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
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- About this article : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Table 1 Patient and implant site characteristics : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Table 2 Results from histomorphometric measurements exhibiting DL, RB, bone density (%), residual bone-to-implant contact (%) values : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone
- Table 3 Mean osteocyte (OD) and empty lacunae density (ELD) at peri-implant residual bone : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implantitis bone defects in humans
- Fig. 1. Histological section illustrating the landmarks to determine the conducted histomorphometrical length measurements: DL, RB, and BIC at buccal RB. The red square frames the intra-thread area (ROI) for OD and ELD analysis : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implant
- Fig. 2. Histological view (buccal aspect) displaying mean BIC (%) and mean bone density (%) at corresponding regions (500 μm zones) from BD to A. Blue lines along the implant perimeter display BIC presence and yellow lines display BIC absence : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implant
- Fig. 3. Histological magnifications of specimens exposing a significant areas of lamellar bone in-between and parallel to the surface of older trabeculae (accentuated by green overlay), b osteoclastic activity, and c active bone formation at intrabony marginal regions : Histological characteristics of advanced peri-implant