At the implant site, the OC level continuously increased with time. According to the Friedman followed by Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, there was statistically significant increase in the OC level at 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks when compared with 1 week (P < 0.05, Fig. 5). Furthermore, according to the Mann-Whitney U test, there was a statistically significant difference in the OC level between the control and the test group at 6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks.

Correlations between ALP or OC levels and ISQ values were examined, as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. During 1–12 weeks, there was a statistically significant correlation between ALP levels at the implant site and ISQ values (r = 0.226; P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant correlation between OC levels at the implant site and ISQ values at 1–12 weeks (r = 0.245; P < 0.05). Correlations between ALP and OC levels are shown in Fig. 8. At all measurements from week 1 to week 12, the ALP levels were moderately correlated with the OC levels at the implant site, the control site, and the pooled samples of the control and implant sites (r = 0.615, 0.602, and 0.521, respectively, P < 0.001).