Figure 3. Data from the VAS of patient-related outcome measures at the time of mounting of the implant-supported crown and at the final follow-up of the PRF and control group
Figure 2. Box plot of the radiographic peri-implant marginal bone level at different time points in millimeter. Baseline: the time of implant placement; abutment: the time of abutment operation; impression: the time of impression taking; follow-up: the time of the final follow-up
Figure 1. Intraoperative photos illustrating bone harvesting and lateral bone augmentation in the PRF group. Initially, an incision is made at the lateral aspect of the posterior part of the mandibular corpus (a) followed by exposing the mucoperiosteal flap (b), before making the osteotomy line (c). The bone block (d) is then retrieved before adjusted to the contour at the recipient site and...
Table 4 Patient-related outcome measures at baseline and at the final follow-up
Test group
Control group
Difference
p value
Mean (95% CI)
Mean (95% CI)
Mean (95% CI)
Baseline
9.44 (9.09 to 9.78)
9.57 (9.20 to 9.95)
0.13 (− 0.40 to 0.66)
0.61
Follow-up
9.66 (9.30 to 10.02)
9.55 (9.15 to 9.96)
− 0.10 (-0.66 to 0.46)
0.71
Difference
0.22 (...
Table 3 Radiographic marginal bone level and clinical recession on neighbouring tooth surface
Group
Baseline (mean, 95% CI)
Follow-up (mean, 95% CI)
Difference (mean, 95% CI)
p value
Radiographic marginal bone level in mm
Test
1.94 (1.50 to 2.38)
2.07 (1.64 to 2.51)
− 0.14 (− 0.25 to − 0.02)
p = 0.03
Control
2.34 (1.62 to 3.08)
2.49 (1.73...
Table 2 Radiographic peri-implant marginal bone level in mm
Test group
Control group
Mean difference
95% CI
p value
Obs
Mean
95% CI
Obs
Mean
95% CI
Baseline
14
− 0.24
− 0.48 to 0.00
13
− 0.28
− 0.52 to 0.03
0.04
− 0.314 to 0.39
p = 0.82
Abutment
14
0.07
− 0.17 to 0.30
13
− 0.01
− 0.26 to 0.25
0.08
− 0.278...
Table 1 Demographics and survival rates of implants and implant crowns
Test group (PRF)
Control group
Number of implants
14
13
Mean age, years (range)
47.9 (23–66)
52.3 (24–72)
Gender
Female
6
6
Male
8
7
Smokers
Total
2
1
20 cigarettes per day
1
1
Number of implants
14
13
Implant length (mm) and imp...
Abbreviations
ASC:
Angulated screw channel
BOP:
Bleeding on probing
DBBM:
Deproteinised bovine bone mineral
GBR:
Guided bone regeneration
ICC:
Intraclass correlation coefficient
KT:
Keratinised peri-implant tissue
PCR:
Plaque control record
PD:
Probing depth
PRF:
Platelet-rich fibrin
PROM:
Patient-related outcome measures
RCF:
...
A minor, but statistically significant, radiographic bone loss occurred from baseline to the final follow-up at the neighbouring tooth surfaces in both groups. Moreover, both groups experienced a minor recession of the marginal gingiva from baseline to the final follow-up, but the change was not significant. Recession and the bone level of the neighbouring tooth surfaces to implants placed in ...
The combination of the NobelParallel CC implant launched in 2015 and an abutment with ASC is relatively new and has so far been lined to only few mechanical problems [39, 40], among which rotation of the crown when torqueing the abutment screw was not stated. In both patients, a new implant was placed without any need for additional bone augmentation and without further complications. ...
Discussion
The present study focused on clinical and radiographic characteristics of staged implants placed in autogenous bone grafts covered by either a PRF membrane (PRF group) or a standard procedure (gold standard) involving coverage of the autogenous bone graft using a deproteinised bovine bone mineral and a resorbable collagen membrane (control group).
The PRF group demonstrated a hi...
One patient (control group) expressed minimally changed extraoral sensation in the chin region at both the 1- and 2-week follow-up. However, the extra- and intraoral clinical examination revealed no sensory disturbances. The patient was not affected by this and described the same changed sensation at the final clinical follow-up after 29 months.
Another patient (PRF group) experienced sensory d...
Radiographic peri-implant marginal bone change
The mean peri-implant marginal bone level at the different time points is shown in Table 2 and Fig. 2. The mean marginal bone level at follow-up was 0.26 mm (95% CI: 0.01–0.50 mm) in the PRF group and 0.68 mm (95% CI: 0.41–0.96 mm) in the control group. The difference between the groups was − 0.43 mm (95% CI: − 0.80 to − 0....
Bleeding on probing
The estimated probability or observed proportion of BOP for implants was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14–0.70) in the PRF group and 0.30 (95% CI: 0.12–0.77) in the control group. The ratio of the probability of observing BOP was 1.046 (95% CI: 0.91–1.20), indicating that the probability of observing BOP is 4.6% higher in the PRF group than in the control group. No statistical differe...
Results
Implant survival
Two of the 27 initially placed implants were lost in the control group (Table 1). Twenty months after placement of the implant-supported crown, one implant (first premolar, regular platform (4.3 mm), length: 13 mm) was lost due to failed osseointegration. No periodontitis or peri-implant marginal bone resorption was obvious at the time of implant removal. A second...
The distance from the implant-abutment connection to the peri-implant marginal bone level was measured mesially and distally in parallel with the long axis of the implant using open-source software (ImageJ, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). The distance from the cemento-enamel junction to the marginal bone level at the neighbouring tooth surfaces was also measured in parallel with...
Prosthodontic treatment
Forty-nine days (range: 27–113 days) after placement of the healing abutment, the abutment was removed and the implant position was registered by an impression coping on the implant.
The final implant-supported restoration was fabricated by using an individually designed angulated screw channel (ASC) zirconium abutment (Nobel Biocare®, Zürich, Switzerland) and venee...
Methylprednisolone was prescribed the following morning (16 mg) and evening (16 mg). Additionally, postoperative ibuprofen (400 mg, four times daily) and paracetamol (1000 mg, four times daily) were prescribed for 1 week. The patients were instructed to rinse with 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate twice daily and discontinue the use of their prostheses (if any). Patients were seen for ...
The bone graft was retrieved by making a continuous osteotomy line with a cylindrical and a round bur at the lateral part of the mandible, with a uniform size of approximately 15 × 25 mm (Fig. 1c, d). The bone block containing mainly cortical bone was then gently separated from the mandible using a raspartorium. The block graft was covered with a saline-moistened gauze until used. In the PRF g...
At the time of the bone augmentation procedure, two patients (14%) in the PRF group and one (8%) patient in the control group were smokers. Patients were partially edentulous due to trauma (n = 22), agenesis (n = 3) or marginal periodontitis [2]. Two patients were unavailable for the final follow-up. The referring dentist followed the non-attenders, and telephone interview revealed no subjective o...
Material and methods
The study was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki and internationally accepted guidelines for RCT, including the CONSORT statement (www.consort-statement.org). The volumetric changes of the augmented bone [26], the histological composition of the augmented bone [27] and pain after the primary bone augmentation procedure [28] were previously described in d...
Despite the shape of a membrane, the PRF membrane does not have the properties of a resorbable barrier membrane [21, 22], due to its fast degradation in the same manner as a natural blood clot (1–2 weeks) [23]. Therefore, the PRF membrane is not believed to replace a barrier membrane in the classic understanding of guide bone regeneration (GBR), but rather to enhance the healing capacity of t...
Background
Implant-supported single crowns are characterised by high long-term survival and few biological and technical complications, which typically includes peri-implant marginal bone loss, screw-loosening and fracture of veneering material complications [1,2,3]. To achieve a successful treatment outcome, the implants must be inserted in sufficient bone volume of an adequate quality to obta...
A clinical and radiographic study of implants placed in autogenous bone grafts covered by either a platelet-rich fibrin membrane or deproteinised bovine bone mineral and a collagen membrane: a pilot randomised controlled clinical trial with a 2-year follow-up
Abstract
Purpose
To compare the survival and clinical performance of implants placed in sites previously augmented with autogenous ...