The current study showed that electrolysis could be an effective means to decontaminate the healing abutment surfaces with complete removal of contaminants without any surface changes at 10 V, 1 A into 5 min, cathodic potential in group III. A minimally invasive approach to remove and disinfect dental implants utilizes the fact that titanium is an electrically conducting metal and the number of adherent microorganisms on dental implants could be reduced by electrolysis. Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO₃ was used as an electrolyte in this study because it is readily available and safe and has no destructive effect on the titanium surface. 7.5% NaHCO₃ with SDS combination was effective to reduce the oral biofilm. To our knowledge, no other reports have been used this electrolyte in different electrodes for the electrochemical cleaning performed in this study.

Early biofilm formation was found at the implant crown, which then progresses apically beyond the implant abutment junction leading to peri-implant diseases if not properly treated. Routine methods used for cleaning and sterilization of used healing abutments may not results in the complete removal of contamination. The present study used contaminated healing abutments as “dirty” samples for electrolytic cleaning. These healing abutments would not investigate their consequences of reuse and potential to peri-implant diseases. Healing abutments are generally considered single use, although it is common practice for clinicians to clean and sterilize this component, often reusing it for economic reasons. Some companies also collect, clean, sterilize, and repackage these used components for sale. However, recent studies have indicated that some of these components may not be as clean or sterilized as previously thought, and did question their safety for reuse.

Phloxine B can be used to detect any remaining contamination on the cleaned surface of healing abutments. Phloxine B is a fluorescein derivative stain used to identify proteins and peptides. Therefore, in this study, phloxine B staining was used to detect residual contamination on the surface of the healing abutments.