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About this article : The influence of implant–ab...

Tsuruta, K., Ayukawa, Y., Matsuzaki, T. et al. The influence of implant–abutment connection on the screw loosening and microleakage. Int J Implant Dent 4, 11 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0121-y Download citation Received: 20 November 2017 Accepted: 24 January 2018 Published: 09 April 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0121-y

Rights and permissions : The influence of implantâ...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : The influence of implant–a...

The present study was not required ethical approval. Katsuhiro Tsuruta, Yasunori Ayukawa, Tatsuya Matsuzaki, Masafumi Kihara, and Kiyoshi Koyano declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : The influence of implant–ab...

Section of Implant and Rehabilitative Dentistry, Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 8128582, Japan Katsuhiro Tsuruta, Yasunori Ayukawa, Tatsuya Matsuzaki, Masafumi Kihara & Kiyoshi Koyano You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author ...

Funding : The influence of implant–abutment conn...

The experiment was done by self-funding.

References : The influence of implant–abutment c...

Egol KA, Kubiak EN, Fulkerson E, Kummer FJ, Koval KJ. Biomechanics of locked plates and screws. J Orthop Trauma. 2004;18:488–93. Tsuge T, Hagiwara Y, Matsumura H. Marginal fit and microgaps of implant-abutment interface with internal anti-rotation configuration. Dent Mater J. 2008;27:29–34. Scarano A, Valbonetti L, Degidi M, Pecci R, Piattelli A, de Oliveira PS, et al. Implant-abutment conta...

References : The influence of implant–abutment c...

Sakka S, Baroudi K, Nassani MZ. Factors associated with early and late failure of dental implants. J Investig Clin Dent. 2012;3:258–61. Tallarico M, Canullo L, Caneva M, Ozcan M. Microbial colonization at the implant-abutment interface and its possible influence on periimplantitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthodont Res. 2017;61:233–41. Sasada Y, Cochran DL. Implant-abutmen...

Conclusions : The influence of implant–abutment ...

Within the limitation of the present study, after the offset cyclic tensile and compressive loading, the amount of microleakage from implant–abutment interface was smaller in conical connection than in internal parallel connection.

Discussion : The influence of implant–abutment c...

In the present study, chronological increase of the amount of microleakage was observed in all three groups. This is in consistent with previous studies [5, 13, 15, 16]. Sigmoid curves of microleakage in all groups meant that the amount of leakage was large at the early stage of loading. This was in agreement with previous reports. Harder et al. reported that bacterial toxin leak occurred within 5...

Discussion : The influence of implant–abutment c...

In the present study, cyclic tensile and compressive loading were applied to cantilever superstructure. In the clinical situation, both compressive and tensile force was exerted to implant-supported prosthesis, but no previous study has discussed the microleakage using model study under this situation. In case of conical connection, compressive force may have promoted a higher penetration of the a...

Results : The influence of implant–abutment conn...

During the experiment, one (EP) and two (IP) abutment screws out of seven samples were fractured. In this case, abutment screw was changed to new one and experimental procedure was re-run. After the 2000 cycles of compressive tensile loadings, RTV of abutment screw was measured. There were no statistical differences in the RTV among three groups. Standard deviation was largest in the RTV of EP a...

Methods : The influence of implant–abutment conn...

Three kinds of Nobel Biocare implants were employed in the present study, namely, Nobel SpeedyGroovy WP 5.0 × 15 mm (EP), Nobel Replace WP 5.0 × 15 mm (IP), and Nobel Parallel CC RP 5.0 × 15 mm (CC) (n = 7 each) (Nobel Biocare, Kloten, Switzerland). Implant–abutment connections are external, internal parallel, and internal and conical connection, respectively. Implant was e...

Background : The influence of implant–abutment c...

Although promising outcome of implant therapy has been reported, periimplantitis which is known to be one of the most important factors associated with late failure [1] is a serious complication and expected to overcome to obtain successful outcome. It is known that there are some spaces between abutment and implant body which can be a reservoir of microorganisms and other toxic substance [2], and...

Abstract : The influence of implant–abutment con...

There are some spaces between abutment and implant body which can be a reservoir of toxic substance, and they can penetrate into subgingival space from microgap at the implant–abutment interface. This penetration may cause periimplantitis which is known to be one of the most important factors associated with late failure. In the present study, three kinds of abutment connection system, external ...

Fig. 6. Comparison between short and high collar l...

Fig. 6. Comparison between short and high collar length (A and B) Fig. 6. Comparison between short and high collar length (A and B)

Fig. 5. Mean rate ± SD of removal torque loss...

Fig. 5. Mean rate ± SD of removal torque loss (%) between groups and results of ANOVA test for loss ratio of removal torque value between groups Fig. 5. Mean rate ± SD of removal torque loss (%) between groups and results of ANOVA test for loss ratio of removal torque value between groups

Fig. 4. Application of cyclic loading with univers...

Fig. 4. Application of cyclic loading with universal testing machine Fig. 4. Application of cyclic loading with universal testing machine

Fig. 3. 3D scanning for abutment and designing for...

Fig. 3. 3D scanning for abutment and designing for metal tube Fig. 3. 3D scanning for abutment and designing for metal tube

Fig. 2. a Stainless steel split cylindrical mold w...

Fig. 2. a Stainless steel split cylindrical mold with implant fixture screwed to abutment. b Implant fixture unscrewed from abutment after polymerization. c Implant fixture centralized vertically and perpendicular to the base with platform flushed with resin block level Fig. 2. a Stainless steel split cylindrical mold with implant fixture screwed to abutment. b Implant fixture unscrewed from ...

Fig. 1. Different abutment angulations and collar ...

Fig. 1. Different abutment angulations and collar lengths Fig. 1. Different abutment angulations and collar lengths

Table 4 The raw data in all six experimental group...

N Groups Subgroups Initial RTV Postload RTV Initial RTL Postload RTL ...

Table 3 Comparison between short and high collar l...

Collar length Subgroups T test A (2 mm collar length) B (4 mm collar length) t P value Initial RTV ...

Table 2 One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test resu...

  Initial RTV Postload RTV Difference between initial and postload RTV Mean ± SD Subgroups  GIA ...

Table 1 One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test resu...

  %initial RTL %postload RTL %difference between initial and postload RTL Mean ± SD Subgroups  GIA ...

About this article : Effect of different angulatio...

El-Sheikh, M.A.Y., Mostafa, T.M.N. & El-Sheikh, M.M. Effect of different angulations and collar lengths of conical hybrid implant abutment on screw loosening after dynamic cyclic loading. Int J Implant Dent 4, 39 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0149-z Download citation Received: 07 May 2018 Accepted: 11 October 2018 Published: 03 December 2018 DOI: https://doi....

Rights and permissions : Effect of different angul...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : Effect of different angulati...

Not applicable Not applicable. Mai El-sheikh, Tamer Mostafa, and Mohamed El-Sheikh declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Effect of different angulatio...

Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Elgeish St., Tanta, Egypt Mai Ahmed Yousry El-Sheikh, Tamer Mohamed Nasr Mostafa & Mohamed Maamoun El-Sheikh You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in ...

Acknowledgements : Effect of different angulations...

Not applicable Not applicable. The authors declare that they have full control on all data and materials of this study.

References : Effect of different angulations and c...

Bickford JH, Nassar S. Handbook of bolts and bolted joints. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc; 1998. Dixon DL, Breeding LC, Sadler JP, McKay ML. Comparison of screw loosening, rotation, and deflection among three implant designs. J Prosthet Dent. 1995;74:270–8. Hsu ML, Chung TF, Kao HC. Clinical applications of angled abutments - a literature review. Chin Dent J. 2005;24:15–21. Morsch CS, Rafael...

References : Effect of different angulations and c...

Cavallaro JG, Greenstein G. Angled implant abutments. A Practical Application of Available Knowledge J Am Dent Assoc. 2011;142:150–8. Kallus T, Henry P, Jemt T, Jorneus L. Clinical evaluation of angulated abutments for the Branemark system: a pilot study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1990;5:39–45. Herrero-Climent M, Romero-Ruiz MM, Diaz-Castro CM, Bullon P, Rios-Santos JV. Influence of tw...

References : Effect of different angulations and c...

Prado CJ, Neves FD, Soares CJ, Dantas KA, Dantas TS, Naves LZ. Influence of abutment screw design and surface coating on the bending flexural strength of the implant set. J Oral Implantol. 2014;40:123–8. Goodacre CJ, Bernal G, Rungcharassaeng K, Kan JY. Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;90:121–32. Michalakis KX, Calvani PL, Muftu S, Pissiotis ...

Conclusions : Effect of different angulations and ...

Within the limitations of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that: Screw loosening increases with increasing abutment angulation and collar length after 100,000 cycles of dynamic cyclic loading. Results of this study showed that conical hybrid connection design provides more biomechanically stable screw joint with straight abutments than angled abutments.

Discussion : Effect of different angulations and c...

Several studies have been conducted on this type of implant–abutment connection [23, 34]. Sutter et al. [35] demonstrated reverse torque values of this hybrid implant–abutment connection that were 124% of the initial tightening torque. These authors suggested that cold welding occurred in the conical hybrid implant–abutment connection. Schmitt et al. [36] compared conical and nonconical imp...

Discussion : Effect of different angulations and c...

The increase in RTL with increasing abutment angulation can be attributed to the off-axis force as loading on angled abutments is mostly off-axis, which raises the concern of how angled abutments generally perform with such an unfavorable loading regimen [28]. Forces applied off-axis may be expected to overload the bone surrounding single-tooth implants, as shown by means of finite element analysi...

Discussion : Effect of different angulations and c...

In the current study, the results showed that there is a significant difference in %RTL before and after application of dynamic cyclic loading for all angulations and collar lengths. These results are in an agreement with previous researches that found a significant difference between %initial and %postload RTL after mechanical cyclic loading [24, 25]. This result was explained by Bickford et al. ...

Discussion : Effect of different angulations and c...

Conical hybrid connection was used in this study as it was proven that the conical hybrid demonstrated the best stress distribution [20]. This connection has a conical union between the implant fixture and the abutment. In the conical abutment, lateral force is resisted by the taper design of the Morse taper connection. Thus, the stress concentration is resisted by the side-wall contact surface of...

Results : Effect of different angulations and coll...

One-way ANOVA and pair-wise Tukey’s post hoc tests showed that %initial RTL among the groups was not significantly different (P > .05), while %postload RTL was significantly different among the three groups (P 

Materials and methods : Effect of different angula...

Removal torque loss ratio before loading (%initial RTL) Removal torque loss ratio after loading (%postload RTL) Removal torque loss ratio between before and after loading (%difference between initial and postload RTL) Student T test and ANOVA were used to compare mean of %initial and %postload RTL between different groups and subgroups followed by pair-wise Tukey’s post hoc tests at 0.05 leve...

Materials and methods : Effect of different angula...

Self-adhesive resin cement (G- CEM, USA) was used for fixing of metal tube to the abutment. A customized rigid metal mounting jig was designed, as a holding device, to ensure solid fixation of the sample while recording the measures. Abutment screws were tightened in all the groups to 30 Ncm using a digital torque gauge (HTG2 - 200Nc, IMADA, Toyohashi, Japan) according to the manufacturer’s re...

Materials and methods : Effect of different angula...

Total 90 stock titanium abutments (Anyridges; MEGAGEN, Seoul, Korea) with different angulations and collar lengths were used in this study and divided into three groups, 30 each according to the degree of abutment angulations GI 0° abutment, GII 15° abutment, and GIII 25°. Each group was divided into two subgroups, 15 each according to implant abutment collar lengths: subgroup A (2 mm) and sub...

Introduction : Effect of different angulations and...

To date, there are limited publications regarding the investigation of screw loosening according to abutment angulations and collar lengths before and after dynamic cyclic loading. Sethi and colleagues [19] noted no implant fractures or screw loosening during a 96-month monitoring period for 2261 implants (N = 467 patients) with angulations ranging from 0 to 45°. While Asvanund and colleagues...

Introduction : Effect of different angulations and...

Collar length is the distance between the implant platform and the gingival margin. Sometimes, significant vertical space that has not been corrected with vertical ridge augmentation may necessitate selection of longer abutments, which would lead to an increased vertical cantilever. Furthermore, selection of the length of abutment collar would be affected if different distances between the implant...

Introduction : Effect of different angulations and...

When the implant set is submitted to functional loads, occlusal forces to the connection are concentrated at the abutment screw; consequently, the optimum preload is critical for joint stability and to avoid screw loosening [7]. Several factors related to screw design and fabrication can affect the risk of abutment or prosthetic screw loosening in a metal-to-metal screw system; these primarily ar...

Introduction : Effect of different angulations and...

Successful implant therapy requires a dynamic equilibrium between biological and mechanical factors. The mechanical factors are generally considered multifactorial which are involved in the success of implant rehabilitation. Majority of implant complications nowadays are caused by mechanical factors rather than the implant itself. Mechanical complications of the implant-prosthetic system include l...

Abstract : Effect of different angulations and col...

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different angulations and collar lengths of the implant abutment on screw loosening by measuring removal torque value (RTV) before and after dynamic cyclic loading using digital torque gauge. A total 90 sets of 4.5 mm diameter × 10 mm length bone level implants with conical hybrid connection were used. They were divided equally...