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Fig. 7. Orthopantomograph 2 years after implant p...

Fig. 7. Orthopantomograph 2 years after implant placement

Fig. 6. Clinical picture 2 years after implant pl...

Fig. 6. Clinical picture 2 years after implant placement Fig. 6. Clinical picture 2 years after implant placement

Fig. 5. Occlusal view of implants after vertical r...

Fig. 5. Occlusal view of implants after vertical repositioning of the dental alveolus segment showing proper mesiodistal space and buccolingual spacing Fig. 5. Occlusal view of implants after vertical repositioning of the dental alveolus segment showing proper mesiodistal space and buccolingual spacing

Fig. 4. Vertical repositioning of dental alveolus ...

Fig. 4. Vertical repositioning of dental alveolus segment with placement of dental implants Fig. 4. Vertical repositioning of dental alveolus segment with placement of dental implants

Fig. 3. Direct sinus lift with implant osteotomy p...

Fig. 3. Direct sinus lift with implant osteotomy preparation Fig. 3. Direct sinus lift with implant osteotomy preparation

Fig. 2. Marked incision site for surgical access :...

Fig. 2. Marked incision site for surgical access Fig. 2. Marked incision site for surgical access

Fig. 1. Edentulous site with supra-eruption of opp...

Fig. 1. Edentulous site with supra-eruption of opposing dentition Fig. 1. Edentulous site with supra-eruption of opposing dentition

About this article : Maxillary segmental osteoperi...

Tsegga, T., Wright, T. Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal flap with simultaneous placement of dental implants: case report of a novel technique. Int J Implant Dent 3, 2 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0067-5 Download citation Received: 06 December 2016 Accepted: 13 January 2017 Published: 19 January 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0067-5

Rights and permissions : Maxillary segmental osteo...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Author information : Maxillary segmental osteoperi...

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft. Sam Houston, 78234, TX, USA Tibebu Tsegga & Thomas Wright Department of Oral & Maxilofacial Surgery, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX, 78236, USA Tibebu Tsegga & Thomas Wright You can also search for this author in PubMed Google S...

References : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

Irinakis T. Efficacy of injectable demineralized bone matrix as graft material during sinus elevation surgery with simultaneous implant placement in the posterior maxilla: clinical evaluation of 49 sinuses. J Oral and Maxillofac Surg. 2011;69:134–41. Chiapasoo M, Casentini P, Zaniboni M. Bone augmentation procedures in implant dentistry. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24:237–69. Jenson...

Conclusions : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal ...

This case highlights the evolving variations in dentoalveolar augmentation with an emphasis on concomitant implant placement. In the most traditional sense, a vertical osteoperiosteal flap technique would be bound with a stable basal bone that can be used to anchor simultaneous dental implant placement. Further refinement should consider minimizing crestal reflection and overall labial bone resorp...

Discussion : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

A critical appraisal of the gingival architecture in the final end point of this case demonstrates some radiolucency through the soft tissue outlining the platform of the Nobel Biocare TiUnite implant. This would lead us to believe that either the transmucosal bone level placement attempt was inaccurate or excessive reflection of the labial tissue has caused some degree of resorption. This is anot...

Discussion : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

A suitable alternative surgical management of this particular case might have been to simply perform an alveoloplasty to produce the desired inter-occlusal clearance and proceed with placement of implant and simultaneous direct sinus lift. That would have left more of the apical portion of the implant within the grafted sinus and possibly modified the location of keratinized band of tissue. The lo...

Case Presentation : Maxillary segmental osteoperio...

A 35-year-old female with a 10-year history of partial acquired edentulism at site numbers 3 and 4 presented to our clinic for dental implant evaluation. Preoperative clinical examination revealed a reproducible intercuspation, well-delineated band of keratinized tissue, and decreased inter-occlusal clearance to allow for optimal dimension of prosthetic crowns (Fig. 1). Radiographs demonstrated e...

Background : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

Obtaining proper occlusal clearance to allow for a single unit crown restoration is a fundamental prerequisite for dental implant restoration. Long-standing edentulous sites are often fraught with disuse atrophy and unopposed supra-eruption of the opposing dentition. In the posterior maxillae/mandible, there are vital structures that have to be mobilized in order to allow space for either bone tra...

Abstract : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal fla...

Dental restorative space from the opposing dentition requires adequate distance for restorative material for an acceptable restoration. Typically, long-standing edentulous alveolar ridges will have vertical and or horizontal defects that require alveolar ridge augmentation for ideal dental implant restorations. Along with these defects, one will see the opposing dentition supra erupt which can obl...

Fig. 7 Second stage surgery of patient in Fig. 1. ...

Fig. 7 Second stage surgery of patient in Fig. 1. a Vestibular depth reduction after augmentation and implant placement. b Partial thickness and apical repositioned flap. c CMX healing and soft tissue dehiscence with CCXBB exposure. d Dehiscence healing after re-contouring and buccal emergency profile. e Buccal aspect of the final restoration. f Buccal ridge contour

Fig. 6 Immunohistochemical analysis of slices from...

Fig. 6 Immunohistochemical analysis of slices from the same sample with four different markers. a TRAP. b OPN. c ALP. d OSC

Fig. 5. Histomorphometric analysis of the same sam...

ple. a Ground section stained with Levai-Laczkó. b Tissue identification of the ROI. c Closer view a bone and CCXBB. d Closer view of b Fig. 5. Histomorphometric analysis of the same sample. a Ground section stained with Levai-Laczkó. b Tissue identification of the ROI. c Closer view a arrow pointing a cement line between new mineralized bone and CCXBB. d Closer view of b

Fig. 4. Histological samples. a CCXBB control with...

Fig. 4. Histological samples. a CCXBB control without implantation. b Histologic samples with acute inflammatory infiltration. c Histologic sample with limited remaining CCXBB and large bone ingrowth Fig. 4. Histological samples. a CCXBB control without implantation. b Histologic samples with acute inflammatory infiltration. c Histologic sample with limited remaining CCXBB and large bone ingr...

Fig. 3. Re-entry procedure of patient in Fig. 1. ...

Fig. 3. Re-entry procedure of patient in Fig. 1. a Buccal aspect of the augmented region. b Horizontal bone augmentation. c Screws and pins removal and bone trephine sampling. d Implants placement and buccal bone width from the implant shoulder. e Primary flap closure. f Implants submerged healing Fig. 3. Re-entry procedure of patient in Fig. 1. a Buccal aspect of the augmented region. b Ho...

Fig. 2. Lateral bone augmentation of the alveolar ...

Fig. 2. Lateral bone augmentation of the alveolar crest (a) atrophic ridge. b Perforations and adaptation of the cortical layer. c Shaping, pre-wetting and fixation of CCXBB with titanium screws. d Horizontal contour and peripheral gap between CCXBB and bone layer. e Outlying DBBM filling. f CM stabilized with pins Fig. 2. Lateral bone augmentation of the alveolar crest (a) atrophic ridge. b ...

Fig. 1. Study chart and follow-up visits : Histomo...

Fig. 1. Study chart and follow-up visits Fig. 1. Study chart and follow-up visits

Table 4 Implant loss and tissue characteristics : ...

Differentiated tissues Implant lost (Yes/no) Mean SD Percentage SD (%) ...

Table 3 Immunohistochemical markers proportions (i...

Patient TRAP (%) OPN (%) ALP (%) OSC (%) 1 ...

Table 2 Quantitative histological analysis : Histo...

Tissue type Mean Standard deviation Median CI 95% Mineralized bone ...

Table 1 Clinical and histomorphometry assessments ...

Patient Soft tissue dehiscence Mineralized bone (%) CCXBB (%) Bone marrow (%) Connect...

About this article : Histomorphometric and immunoh...

Ortiz-Vigón, A., Martinez-Villa, S., Suarez, I. et al. Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical evaluation of collagen containing xenogeneic bone blocks used for lateral bone augmentation in staged implant placement. Int J Implant Dent 3, 24 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0087-1 Download citation Received: 21 March 2017 Accepted: 12 June 2017 Published: 21 Ju...

Rights and permissions : Histomorphometric and imm...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Histomorphometric and immunoh...

ETEP Research Group, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, 28040, Madrid, Spain Alberto Ortiz-Vigón, Sergio Martinez-Villa, Iñaki Suarez, Fabio Vignoletti & Mariano Sanz You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar ...

Acknowledgements : Histomorphometric and immunohis...

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Acknowledgements : Histomorphometric and immunohis...

We wish to acknowledge the dedication and scientific advise of Prof. Dr. Tord Berglundh on the histological analysis as well as the diligent work in processing the histological samples to Estela Maldonado for the immunohistochemistry and Asal Shikhan and Fernando Muñoz for the histomorphometry. The work of Esperanza Gross on the statistical analysis is highly acknowledged. This study was partial...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Patti A, Gennari L, Merlotti D, Dotta F, Nuti R. Endocrine actions of osteocalcin. Int J Endocrinol. 2013;2013:846480. Schwarz F, Herten M, Sager M, Wieland M, Dard M, Becker J. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of initial and early osseous integration at chemically modified and conventional SLA titanium implants: preliminary results of a pilot study in dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Araujo MG, Linder E, Lindhe J. Bio-Oss collagen in the buccal gap at immediate implants: a 6-month study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011;22:1–8. Chiapasco M, Colletti G, Coggiola A, Di Martino G, Anello T, Romeo E. Clinical outcome of the use of fresh frozen allogeneic bone grafts for the reconstruction of severely resorbed alveolar ridges: preliminary results of a prospective study. I...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Jeno L, Geza L. A simple differential staining method for semi-thin sections of ossifying cartilage and bone tissues embedded in epoxy resin. Mikroskopie. 1975;31:1–4. Dias RR, Sehn FP, de Santana Santos T, Silva ER, Chaushu G, Xavier SP. Corticocancellous fresh-frozen allograft bone blocks for augmenting atrophied posterior mandibles in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27:39–46. Nissan ...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Cremonini CC, Dumas M, Pannuti C, Lima LA, Cavalcanti MG. Assessment of the availability of bone volume for grafting in the donor retromolar region using computed tomography: a pilot study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010;25:374–8. Nkenke E, Weisbach V, Winckler E, Kessler P, Schultze-Mosgau S, Wiltfang J, et al. Morbidity of harvesting of bone grafts from the iliac crest for preprosthetic...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Sanz M, Vignoletti F. Key aspects on the use of bone substitutes for bone regeneration of edentulous ridges. Dent Mater. 2015;31:640–7. Benic GI, Hammerle CH. Horizontal bone augmentation by means of guided bone regeneration. Periodontology. 2014;66:13–40. Beretta M, Cicciu M, Poli PP, Rancitelli D, Bassi G, Grossi GB, et al. A Retrospective Evaluation of 192 Implants Placed in Augmented Bon...

Abbreviations : Histomorphometric and immunohistoc...

Alkaline phosphatase Cone beam computed tomography Collagen containing xenogeneic bone block Native collagen membrane Deproteinized bovine bone mineral Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases Osteopontin Osteocalcine Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

Conclusions : Histomorphometric and immunohistoche...

Within the limitations of this clinical study, we may conclude that the use of CCXBB in combination with DBBM particles and a native bilayer collagen membrane for staged lateral bone augmentation in severe atrophic alveolar crests achieved significant horizontal crestal width allowing for staged implant placement in most of the patients. Histological analysis and implant survival records indicate ...

Discussion : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

The immune-histochemical results reported expression of osteopontin mainly at the border between mineralized vital bone (MVB) with CCXBB, what coincides with findings from previous reports [38,39,40]. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is considered as an early osteoblast differentiation marker [41]. ALP-positive cells were detectable, in all specimens on the periphery of MVB, associated to areas of new b...

Discussion : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

When correlating the clinical results and the histological outcomes, there was a positive association between the presence of soft tissue dehiscence with CCXBB exposure and a diminished amount of new mineralized bone (p = 0.06). This lower amount of new bone within the xenogeneic graft suggests a lack of full graft integration and diminished vascular supply, what may have caused the soft tissu...

Discussion : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate histologically and immunohistochemically the behavior of CCXBB blocks when used for staged lateral bone augmentation in severe human horizontal residual bone defects. Six months after the regenerative intervention using the CCXBB blocks, the mean increase in bone width was 4.12 mm and hence, this outcome allowed for the placement of dental implant...

Results : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

The results from the histomorphometric measurements are depicted in Table 2. Bone biopsies were composed by 21.37% (SD 7.36) of residual CCXBB, 26.90% (SD 12.21) of mineralized vital bone (MVB), 47.13% (SD 19.15) of non-mineralized tissue and 0.92% of DBBM (Fig. 5b). Biopsies from patients who lost their implants had a statistical significant lower amount of MVB (p = 0.01u) and a statistical...

Results : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

Twenty-eight CCXBB blocks were placed in 15 patients that fulfilled the selection criteria (12 women and 3 men) with a mean age of 54.5 (SD 8.34). The detailed clinical and radiographical outcomes have been reported previously [21]. In brief, one patient experienced pain and soft tissue dehiscence leading to removal of the graft material 3 days after the regenerative procedure. Another patient r...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

For the immunohistochemical analysis, the semi-thin sections were incubated over night with primary antibodies at 4 °C (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Santa Cruz, Calif., USA). The antibody dilutions used were alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 1:100, osteopontin (OPN) 1:100, osteocalcin (OSC) 1:100, and tatrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 1:100. The obtained semi-thin sections were evaluated wit...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

Twenty-six weeks after the regenerative procedure the patient returned for the re-entry intervention for placement of dental implants. After raising full-thickness flaps, the augmented area was exposed and horizontal crestal width measurements were performed. Then, the surgeon evaluated the bone availability and if implant placement was considered possible, a core bone biopsy was harvested with th...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

CCXBB (Bio-Graft® Geistlich Pharma) is a bone substitute material in a natural block form. The dimensions of the Bio-Graft block are 10 mm in height, 10 mm in length and 5 mm in width. It consists of a natural cancellous bone structure of hydroxyapatite and endogenous collagen type I and III, equine origin and is a class III medical device according to the Medical Device Directive 93/42 EECsâ€...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

The present manuscript reports the histological outcomes of a prospective single arm study evaluating the safety and clinical performance of CCXBB blocks when used as replacement bone grafts for lateral bone augmentation prior to staged implant placement. The results of the clinical and radiographic outcomes have been reported in a previous publication [21]. For correlation of the histological wit...

Background : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Different techniques and grafting materials have been used for the horizontal reconstruction of deficient alveolar processes before implant placement, resulting in different degrees of predictability and clinical outcomes [1]. Among the grafting materials, particulated xenogeneic materials have been extensively studied in both experimental and clinical studies and when combined with porcine-derive...

Abstract : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemic...

The osteoconductive properties of collagen containing xenogeneic bone blocks (CCXBB) remain unclear. The aim of this prospective single-arm clinical study was to assess the histological outcomes of CCXBB blocks used as bone replacement grafts for lateral bone augmentation procedures. In 15 patients with severe horizontal alveolar ridge resorption, lateral augmentation procedures were performed us...

About this article : Maxillary segmental osteoperi...

Tsegga, T., Wright, T. Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal flap with simultaneous placement of dental implants: case report of a novel technique. Int J Implant Dent 3, 2 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0067-5 Download citation Received: 06 December 2016 Accepted: 13 January 2017 Published: 19 January 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0067-5

Rights and permissions : Maxillary segmental osteo...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Maxillary segmental osteoperi...

Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr., Ft. Sam Houston, 78234, TX, USA Tibebu Tsegga & Thomas Wright Department of Oral & Maxilofacial Surgery, Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, 2200 Bergquist Dr, Suite 1, Lackland AFB, TX, 78236, USA Tibebu Tsegga & Thomas Wright You can also search for this author in ...

References : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

Irinakis T. Efficacy of injectable demineralized bone matrix as graft material during sinus elevation surgery with simultaneous implant placement in the posterior maxilla: clinical evaluation of 49 sinuses. J Oral and Maxillofac Surg. 2011;69:134–41. Chiapasoo M, Casentini P, Zaniboni M. Bone augmentation procedures in implant dentistry. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24:237–69. Jenson...

Conclusions : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal ...

This case highlights the evolving variations in dentoalveolar augmentation with an emphasis on concomitant implant placement. In the most traditional sense, a vertical osteoperiosteal flap technique would be bound with a stable basal bone that can be used to anchor simultaneous dental implant placement. Further refinement should consider minimizing crestal reflection and overall labial bone resorp...

Discussion : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

A critical appraisal of the gingival architecture in the final end point of this case demonstrates some radiolucency through the soft tissue outlining the platform of the Nobel Biocare TiUnite implant. This would lead us to believe that either the transmucosal bone level placement attempt was inaccurate or excessive reflection of the labial tissue has caused some degree of resorption. This is anot...

Discussion : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

A suitable alternative surgical management of this particular case might have been to simply perform an alveoloplasty to produce the desired inter-occlusal clearance and proceed with placement of implant and simultaneous direct sinus lift. That would have left more of the apical portion of the implant within the grafted sinus and possibly modified the location of keratinized band of tissue. The lo...

Case Presentation : Maxillary segmental osteoperio...

A 35-year-old female with a 10-year history of partial acquired edentulism at site numbers 3 and 4 presented to our clinic for dental implant evaluation. Preoperative clinical examination revealed a reproducible intercuspation, well-delineated band of keratinized tissue, and decreased inter-occlusal clearance to allow for optimal dimension of prosthetic crowns (Fig. 1). Radiographs demonstrated e...

Background : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal f...

Obtaining proper occlusal clearance to allow for a single unit crown restoration is a fundamental prerequisite for dental implant restoration. Long-standing edentulous sites are often fraught with disuse atrophy and unopposed supra-eruption of the opposing dentition. In the posterior maxillae/mandible, there are vital structures that have to be mobilized in order to allow space for either bone tra...

Abstract : Maxillary segmental osteoperiosteal fla...

Dental restorative space from the opposing dentition requires adequate distance for restorative material for an acceptable restoration. Typically, long-standing edentulous alveolar ridges will have vertical and or horizontal defects that require alveolar ridge augmentation for ideal dental implant restorations. Along with these defects, one will see the opposing dentition supra erupt which can obl...

Fig. 8. Soft tissue dehiscence (a) CCXBB exposure ...

Fig. 8. Soft tissue dehiscence (a) CCXBB exposure 15 weeks after bone augmentation, the dehiscence healed 2 weeks later after reducing the graft exposure (b) after soft tissue augmentation and abutment connection leading to the loss of the mesial implant. After partial removal of the bone graft and place a connective tissue graft the area healed properly and a month later it was possible to re...

Fig. 7. Second stage surgery of patient in Fig. 1...

Fig. 7. Second stage surgery of patient in Fig. 1. a Vestibular depth reduction after augmentation and implant placement. b Partial thickness and apical repositioned flap. c CMX healing and soft tissue dehiscence with CCXBB exposure. d Dehiscence healing after re-contouring and buccal emergency profile. e Buccal aspect of the final restoration. f Buccal ridge contour Fig. 7. Second stage sur...

Fig. 6. Immunohistochemical analysis of slices fro...

Fig. 6. Immunohistochemical analysis of slices from the same sample with four different markers. a TRAP. b OPN. c ALP. d OSC Fig. 6. Immunohistochemical analysis of slices from the same sample with four different markers. a TRAP. b OPN. c ALP. d OSC

Fig. 5. Histomorphometric analysis of the same sam...

section stained with Levai-Laczkó. b Tissue identification of the ROI. c Closer view aized bone and CCXBB. d Closer view of b Fig. 5. Histomorphometric analysis of the same sample. a Ground section stained with Levai-Laczkó. b Tissue identification of the ROI. c Closer view a arrow pointing a cement line between new mineralized bone and CCXBB. d Closer view of b

Fig. 4. Histological samples. a CCXBB control with...

Fig. 4. Histological samples. a CCXBB control without implantation. b Histologic samples with acute inflammatory infiltration. c Histologic sample with limited remaining CCXBB and large bone ingrowth Fig. 4. Histological samples. a CCXBB control without implantation. b Histologic samples with acute inflammatory infiltration. c Histologic sample with limited remaining CCXBB and large bone ingr...

Fig. 3. Re-entry procedure of patient in Fig. 1. ...

Fig. 3. Re-entry procedure of patient in Fig. 1. a Buccal aspect of the augmented region. b Horizontal bone augmentation. c Screws and pins removal and bone trephine sampling. d Implants placement and buccal bone width from the implant shoulder. e Primary flap closure. f Implants submerged healing Fig. 3. Re-entry procedure of patient in Fig. 1. a Buccal aspect of the augmented region. b Ho...

Fig. 2. Lateral bone augmentation of the alveolar ...

Fig. 2. Lateral bone augmentation of the alveolar crest (a) atrophic ridge. b Perforations and adaptation of the cortical layer. c Shaping, pre-wetting and fixation of CCXBB with titanium screws. d Horizontal contour and peripheral gap between CCXBB and bone layer. e Outlying DBBM filling. f CM stabilized with pins Fig. 2. Lateral bone augmentation of the alveolar crest (a) atrophic ridge. b ...

Fig. 1. Study chart and follow-up visits : Histomo...

Fig. 1. Study chart and follow-up visits Fig. 1. Study chart and follow-up visits

Table 4 Implant loss and tissue characteristics : ...

Differentiated tissues Implant lost (Yes/no) Mean SD Percentage SD (%) ...

Table 3 Immunohistochemical markers proportions (i...

Patient TRAP (%) OPN (%) ALP (%) OSC (%) 1 ...

Table 2 Quantitative histological analysis : Histo...

Tissue type Mean Standard deviation Median CI 95% Mineralized bone ...

Table 1 Clinical and histomorphometry assessments ...

Patient Soft tissue dehiscence Mineralized bone (%) CCXBB (%) Bone marrow (%) Connect...

About this article : Histomorphometric and immunoh...

Ortiz-Vigón, A., Martinez-Villa, S., Suarez, I. et al. Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical evaluation of collagen containing xenogeneic bone blocks used for lateral bone augmentation in staged implant placement. Int J Implant Dent 3, 24 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0087-1 Download citation Received: 21 March 2017 Accepted: 12 June 2017 Published: 21 Ju...

Rights and permissions : Histomorphometric and imm...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Histomorphometric and immunoh...

ETEP Research Group, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, 28040, Madrid, Spain Alberto Ortiz-Vigón, Sergio Martinez-Villa, Iñaki Suarez, Fabio Vignoletti & Mariano Sanz You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar ...

Acknowledgements : Histomorphometric and immunohis...

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Acknowledgements : Histomorphometric and immunohis...

We wish to acknowledge the dedication and scientific advise of Prof. Dr. Tord Berglundh on the histological analysis as well as the diligent work in processing the histological samples to Estela Maldonado for the immunohistochemistry and Asal Shikhan and Fernando Muñoz for the histomorphometry. The work of Esperanza Gross on the statistical analysis is highly acknowledged. This study was partial...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Patti A, Gennari L, Merlotti D, Dotta F, Nuti R. Endocrine actions of osteocalcin. Int J Endocrinol. 2013;2013:846480. Schwarz F, Herten M, Sager M, Wieland M, Dard M, Becker J. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of initial and early osseous integration at chemically modified and conventional SLA titanium implants: preliminary results of a pilot study in dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Araujo MG, Linder E, Lindhe J. Bio-Oss collagen in the buccal gap at immediate implants: a 6-month study in the dog. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011;22:1–8. Chiapasco M, Colletti G, Coggiola A, Di Martino G, Anello T, Romeo E. Clinical outcome of the use of fresh frozen allogeneic bone grafts for the reconstruction of severely resorbed alveolar ridges: preliminary results of a prospective study. I...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Jeno L, Geza L. A simple differential staining method for semi-thin sections of ossifying cartilage and bone tissues embedded in epoxy resin. Mikroskopie. 1975;31:1–4. Dias RR, Sehn FP, de Santana Santos T, Silva ER, Chaushu G, Xavier SP. Corticocancellous fresh-frozen allograft bone blocks for augmenting atrophied posterior mandibles in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016;27:39–46. Nissan ...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Cremonini CC, Dumas M, Pannuti C, Lima LA, Cavalcanti MG. Assessment of the availability of bone volume for grafting in the donor retromolar region using computed tomography: a pilot study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2010;25:374–8. Nkenke E, Weisbach V, Winckler E, Kessler P, Schultze-Mosgau S, Wiltfang J, et al. Morbidity of harvesting of bone grafts from the iliac crest for preprosthetic...

References : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Sanz M, Vignoletti F. Key aspects on the use of bone substitutes for bone regeneration of edentulous ridges. Dent Mater. 2015;31:640–7. Benic GI, Hammerle CH. Horizontal bone augmentation by means of guided bone regeneration. Periodontology. 2014;66:13–40. Beretta M, Cicciu M, Poli PP, Rancitelli D, Bassi G, Grossi GB, et al. A Retrospective Evaluation of 192 Implants Placed in Augmented Bon...

Abbreviations : Histomorphometric and immunohistoc...

Alkaline phosphatase Cone beam computed tomography Collagen containing xenogeneic bone block Native collagen membrane Deproteinized bovine bone mineral Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases Osteopontin Osteocalcine Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase

Conclusions : Histomorphometric and immunohistoche...

Within the limitations of this clinical study, we may conclude that the use of CCXBB in combination with DBBM particles and a native bilayer collagen membrane for staged lateral bone augmentation in severe atrophic alveolar crests achieved significant horizontal crestal width allowing for staged implant placement in most of the patients. Histological analysis and implant survival records indicate ...

Discussion : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

The immune-histochemical results reported expression of osteopontin mainly at the border between mineralized vital bone (MVB) with CCXBB, what coincides with findings from previous reports [38,39,40]. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is considered as an early osteoblast differentiation marker [41]. ALP-positive cells were detectable, in all specimens on the periphery of MVB, associated to areas of new b...

Discussion : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

When correlating the clinical results and the histological outcomes, there was a positive association between the presence of soft tissue dehiscence with CCXBB exposure and a diminished amount of new mineralized bone (p = 0.06). This lower amount of new bone within the xenogeneic graft suggests a lack of full graft integration and diminished vascular supply, what may have caused the soft tissu...

Discussion : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate histologically and immunohistochemically the behavior of CCXBB blocks when used for staged lateral bone augmentation in severe human horizontal residual bone defects. Six months after the regenerative intervention using the CCXBB blocks, the mean increase in bone width was 4.12 mm and hence, this outcome allowed for the placement of dental implant...

Results : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

The results from the histomorphometric measurements are depicted in Table 2. Bone biopsies were composed by 21.37% (SD 7.36) of residual CCXBB, 26.90% (SD 12.21) of mineralized vital bone (MVB), 47.13% (SD 19.15) of non-mineralized tissue and 0.92% of DBBM (Fig. 5b). Biopsies from patients who lost their implants had a statistical significant lower amount of MVB (p = 0.01u) and a statistical...

Results : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

Twenty-eight CCXBB blocks were placed in 15 patients that fulfilled the selection criteria (12 women and 3 men) with a mean age of 54.5 (SD 8.34). The detailed clinical and radiographical outcomes have been reported previously [21]. In brief, one patient experienced pain and soft tissue dehiscence leading to removal of the graft material 3 days after the regenerative procedure. Another patient r...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

For the immunohistochemical analysis, the semi-thin sections were incubated over night with primary antibodies at 4 °C (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Santa Cruz, Calif., USA). The antibody dilutions used were alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 1:100, osteopontin (OPN) 1:100, osteocalcin (OSC) 1:100, and tatrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 1:100. The obtained semi-thin sections were evaluated wit...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

Twenty-six weeks after the regenerative procedure the patient returned for the re-entry intervention for placement of dental implants. After raising full-thickness flaps, the augmented area was exposed and horizontal crestal width measurements were performed. Then, the surgeon evaluated the bone availability and if implant placement was considered possible, a core bone biopsy was harvested with th...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

CCXBB (Bio-Graft® Geistlich Pharma) is a bone substitute material in a natural block form. The dimensions of the Bio-Graft block are 10 mm in height, 10 mm in length and 5 mm in width. It consists of a natural cancellous bone structure of hydroxyapatite and endogenous collagen type I and III, equine origin and is a class III medical device according to the Medical Device Directive 93/42 EECsâ€...

Methods : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemica...

The present manuscript reports the histological outcomes of a prospective single arm study evaluating the safety and clinical performance of CCXBB blocks when used as replacement bone grafts for lateral bone augmentation prior to staged implant placement. The results of the clinical and radiographic outcomes have been reported in a previous publication [21]. For correlation of the histological wit...

Background : Histomorphometric and immunohistochem...

Different techniques and grafting materials have been used for the horizontal reconstruction of deficient alveolar processes before implant placement, resulting in different degrees of predictability and clinical outcomes [1]. Among the grafting materials, particulated xenogeneic materials have been extensively studied in both experimental and clinical studies and when combined with porcine-derive...

Abstract : Histomorphometric and immunohistochemic...

The osteoconductive properties of collagen containing xenogeneic bone blocks (CCXBB) remain unclear. The aim of this prospective single-arm clinical study was to assess the histological outcomes of CCXBB blocks used as bone replacement grafts for lateral bone augmentation procedures. In 15 patients with severe horizontal alveolar ridge resorption, lateral augmentation procedures were performed us...

Fig. 4. Linear regression plots to depict the rela...

Fig. 4. Linear regression plots to depict the relationship between BI26 and CWb/SA26 values. a CWb (TR group). b CWb (AB group). c SA26 (TR group). d SA26 (AB group) Fig. 4. Linear regression plots to depict the relationship between BI26 and CWb/SA26 values. a CWb (TR group). b CWb (AB group). c SA26 (TR group). d SA26 (AB group)

Fig. 3. Representative CBCT outcomes at 26 weeks....

Fig. 3. Representative CBCT outcomes at 26 weeks. a, b TR graft. c, d AB graft Fig. 3. Representative CBCT outcomes at 26 weeks. a, b TR graft. c, d AB graft

Fig. 2. Radiographic assessments. Images of the co...

Fig. 2. Radiographic assessments. Images of the coronal planes representing the most central aspect of the respective defect sites were analyzed for the basal graft integration (i.e., contact between the graft and the host bone in %) (BI26) and the cross-sectional grafted area (mm2) (SA26) Fig. 2. Radiographic assessments. Images of the coronal planes representing the most central aspect of t...

Fig. 1. Lateral ridge augmentation—a surgical pr...

Fig. 1. Lateral ridge augmentation—a surgical procedure in the AB and TR groups. a The retromolar area served as a donor site for the harvesting of monocortical bone blocks in the AB group. b AB blocks were shaped to match the size and configuration of the defect site and fixed using one central osteosynthesis screw. c TR grafts were separated from either partially/fully retain...

Table 2 Secondary performance endpoints (in mm) : ...

  CWb GT SA26 BI26 a) TR group (n = 15 patients)  Mean ...

Table 1 Study design and follow up visits : Radiog...

Visit 1 Visit 2 Visit 3 Visit 4 Visit 5 Visit 6 ...

About this article : Radiographic outcomes followi...

Parvini, P., Sader, R., Sahin, D. et al. Radiographic outcomes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous tooth roots. Int J Implant Dent 4, 31 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0142-6 Download citation Received: 11 July 2018 Accepted: 17 August 2018 Published: 28 September 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0142-6

Rights and permissions : Radiographic outcomes fol...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : Radiographic outcomes follow...

The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee (4837R) of the Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, and registered via the Internet Portal of the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00009586). Each patient was given a detailed description of the study procedures and signed a consent to participate. Consent for publication was obtained from all participants. Puria Parvini, Ro...

Author information : Radiographic outcomes followi...

Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany Puria Parvini & Frank Schwarz Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany Robert Sader Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany Didem Sahin, JÃ...

References : Radiographic outcomes following later...

Sanz-Sanchez I, Ortiz-Vigon A, Sanz-Martin I, Figuero E, Sanz M. Effectiveness of lateral bone augmentation on the alveolar crest dimension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dent Res. 2015;94(9 Suppl):128–42. Burchardt H. The biology of bone graft repair. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983;174:28–42. Burchardt H, Enneking WF. Transplantation of bone. Surg Clin North Am. 1978;58(2):403–27....

Conclusions : Radiographic outcomes following late...

In conclusion and within its limitations, the present clinical study revealed that TR grafts may be associated with improved SA26 values following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation.

Discussion : Radiographic outcomes following later...

When further analyzing the present data, it was also noted that both TR and AB grafts were associated with comparable BI26 values, thus corroborating the clinical observation of a firm graft connection to the host bone at 26 weeks, which allowed for a proper placement of adequately dimensioned titanium implants at all sites investigated [9]. The regression analysis also revealed that BI26 values ...

Discussion : Radiographic outcomes following later...

The present analysis aimed at assessing and comparing CBCT outcomes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using TR and AB grafts. After a healing period of 26 weeks, it was observed that TR grafts were associated with significantly higher mean SA26 values when compared with the AB group. A similar tendency was also noted for mean BI26 values; however, this difference did not reach statist...

Results : Radiographic outcomes following lateral ...

Mean CWb and GT values were comparable in both groups and amounted to 4.53 ± 1.54 mm (median 4.50; 95% CI 3.68, 5.38) and 5.66 ± 1.75 mm (median 5.0; 95% CI 4.69, 6.64) in the TR group and 5.26 ± 1.25 mm (median 5.00; 95% CI 4.57, 5.95) and 4.96 ± 1.75 mm (median 5.0; 95% CI 4.24, 5.68) in the AB group, respectively. Between-group differences did not reach statistical signi...

Methods : Radiographic outcomes following lateral ...

All measurements were performed by one previously calibrated investigator. The sample size calculation considered a standard normal distribution (type I error set at .05; type II error set at .20) and a sigma which was estimated based on the standard deviations observed in a recent preclinical animal study [4]. The clinical width of the alveolar ridge was defined as the primary outcome variable, ...

Methods : Radiographic outcomes following lateral ...

Each patient was given a detailed description of the study procedures and signed a consent to participate. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee (4837R) of the Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, and registered via the Internet Portal of the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00009586). The present reporting considered the checklist items as proposed in the STROBE...

Methods : Radiographic outcomes following lateral ...

This analysis was based on the radiographic (i.e., cone-beam computed tomographic—CBCT) data derived from a prospective controlled clinical monocenter study including a total of 30 patients [9]. Each participant exhibited either a tooth gap or a free-end situation with an inadequate horizontal ridge width and was in need of an implant-supported fixed restoration. In brief, lateral ridge augment...

Background : Radiographic outcomes following later...

Autogenous bone (AB) blocks harvested from intraoral donor sites (i.e., retromandibular, chin) are the most commonly used procedure for lateral alveolar ridge augmentation [1]. However, despite significant horizontal bone gains, cortical bone blocks were noted to undergo an incomplete replacement resorption [2, 3], thus featuring a composition of non-vital residual and newly formed vital bone in t...

Abstract : Radiographic outcomes following lateral...

To assess and compare the radiographic outcomes following lateral alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous tooth roots (TR) and autogenous bone (AB) blocks. In a total of 30 patients, lateral ridge augmentation was conducted in parallel groups using either (1) healthy autogenous tooth roots (e.g., retained wisdom or impacted teeth) (n = 15) or (2) cortical autogenous bone blocks harvested...