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Table 1 Implant characteristics—insertion region...

Patient Implant region (FDI) Implant parameters Dimensions of implant Diameter [mm]/length [mm] ...

About this article : Vitamin D deficiency in early...

Fretwurst, T., Grunert, S., Woelber, J.P. et al. Vitamin D deficiency in early implant failure: two case reports. Int J Implant Dent 2, 24 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0056-0 Download citation Received: 04 August 2016 Accepted: 16 November 2016 Published: 25 November 2016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0056-0

Rights and permissions : Vitamin D deficiency in e...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Vitamin D deficiency in early...

Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Center for Dental Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, Freiburg, D-79106, Germany Tobias Fretwurst, Sebastian Grunert, Katja Nelson & Wiebke Semper-Hogg Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, USA Tobias Fretwurst Department of Operative Dentistr...

Acknowledgements : Vitamin D deficiency in early i...

We would like to thank Dr. John Nelson for his resourceful and constructive ideas. The authors Tobias Fretwurst, Sebastian Grunert, Johan Woelber, Katja Nelson, and Wiebke Semper-Hogg declare no conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The authors Tobias Fretwurst, Sebastian Grunert, Johan Woelber, Katja Nelson, and Wiebke Semper-Hogg do...

References : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Di Rosa M, Malaguarnera M, Nicoletti F, Malaguarnera L. Vitamin D3: a helpful immuno-modulator. Immunology. 2011;134(2):123–39. Download references

References : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Kikuta J, Kawamura S, Okiji F, Shirazaki M, Sakai S, Saito H, Ishii M. Sphingosine-1-phosphate-mediated osteoclast precursor monocyte migration is a critical point of control in antibone-resorptive action of active vitamin D. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013;110(17):7009–13. Hewison M, Freeman L, Hughes SV, Evans KN, Bland R, Eliopoulos AG, Kilby MD, Moss PA, Chakraverty R. Differential regulatio...

References : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Hong HH, Chou TA, Yang JC, Chang CJ. The potential effects of cholecalciferol on bone regeneration in dogs. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(10):1187–92. Hong HH, Yen TH, Hong A, Chou TA. Association of vitamin D3 with alveolar bone regeneration in dogs. J Cell Mol Med. 2015;19(6):1208–17. Schulze-Späte U, Dietrich T, Wu C, Wang K, Hasturk H, Dibart S. Systemic vitamin D supplementation and ...

References : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Gallagher JC, Sai AJ. Vitamin D insufficiency, deficiency, and bone health. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95(6):2630–3. Ning Z, Song S, Miao L, Zhang P, Wang X, Liu J, Hu Y, Xu Y, Zhao T, Liang Y, Wang Q, Liu L, Zhang J, Hu L, Huo M, Zhou Q. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in urban health checkup population. Clin Nutr. 2016;35(4):859–63. Spiro A, Buttriss JL. Vitamin D: an overview o...

References : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Maier GS, Horas K, Seeger JB, Roth KE, Kurth AA, Maus U. Is there an association between periprosthetic joint infection and low vitamin D levels? Int Orthop. 2014;38(7):1499–504. Alvim-Pereira F, Montes CC, Thomé G, Olandoski M, Trevilatto PC. Analysis of association of clinical aspects and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with dental implant loss. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19(8):786–...

References : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Esposito M, Thomsen P, Ericson LE, Lekholm U. Histopathologic observations on early oral implant failures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;14:798–810. Olmedo-Gaya MV, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Cañaveral-Cavero E, de Dios Luna-Del Castillo J, Vallecillo-Capilla M. Risk factors associated with early implant failure: a 5-year retrospective clinical study. J Prosthet Dent. 2016;115(2):150–5. Wenn...

Conclusions : Vitamin D deficiency in early implan...

To overcome the shortcomings of this case reports, prospective, multicenter, and controlled studies must follow to affirm a potential relationship between vitamin D deficiency, osteoimmunology, and the early failure of dental implants. Currently, a general recommendation for a standardized vitamin D screening in dental implantology cannot be stated due to lack of evidence.

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

Nevertheless, the vitamin D deficiency prevalence in the European population indicates that a vitamin D deficiency is probably not a sole causative factor for early implant failure; otherwise, the early implant failure rate would be significantly higher. However, a synergistic effect with other factors is conceivable. Some authors stated that implant osseointegration is not simply a wound healing ...

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

Local and systemic factors can affect the survival rate of dental implants [30–33]. The causes of early implant failure are not fully clarified and an association between vitamin D and dental implant osseointegration has not been investigated properly [8, 13–16]. Some recent animal studies in rodents demonstrated a relationship between vitamin D supplementation and an increased bone to implant...

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

In this 51-year-old male patient, no grafting procedure was performed as vertical and horizontal alveolar ridge dimension was adequate for implant placement. The implant placement in regions 36 and 37 was performed as guided surgery (Fig. 2a, Table 1). The implant placement was uneventful and the bone appeared clinically healthy. A cortical bone profiling was performed during implant placement. ...

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

The medical history of this 48-year-old male patient showed a high blood pressure; otherwise, the patient was healthy. A successfully completed periodontal therapy was done before implant therapy. The patient demonstrated stable marginal bone levels. Autologous retromolar bone grafting using local anesthesia was performed in the left mandible (see Fig. 1a). This patient received a postoperative o...

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

Patients treated consecutively in one center (Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg). None of the patients showed systemic disease. Both patients did not take regular medication and were negative for alcohol, nicotine, and drug use. Bothe male patients (48 and 51 years of age) were not immunosuppressed, irradiated or received chemotherapy. Written...

Background : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Long-term stable osseointegrated implants are the primary goal in dental implantology. Although dental implants have proven clinical reliable in the long term, the failure of implants at a very early stage of osseointegration has been described [1, 2]. The pursuit to identify the mechanisms leading to early implant failure is ongoing to date and include the following: tobacco usage, diabetes, wear...

Abstract : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant f...

An association between vitamin D deficiency and early dental implant failure is not properly verified, but its role in osteoimmunology is discussed. This article illustrates two case reports with vitamin D deficiency and early implant failure. Prior to implant placement, the first patient received crestal bone grafting with autologous material. Both patients received dental implants from different...

Fig. 1. Approval of the Bioethics Committee of the...

Fig. 1. Approval of the Bioethics Committee of the Santa Maria University Fig. 1. Approval of the Bioethics Committee of the Santa Maria University

About this article : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm ...

Simeone, S.G., Rios, M. & Simonpietri, J. “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to dental implants as test for osseointegration”—a human observational study. Int J Implant Dent 2, 26 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0060-4 Download citation Received: 12 September 2016 Accepted: 22 November 2016 Published: 07 December 2016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0060-4

Rights and permissions : “Reverse torque of 30 ...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Author information : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm ...

Santa Maria University, Calle La Línea, Residencias El Parque, Piso 5, Apto B–5B. La Carlota. Municipio Sucre, Caracas, 1071, Venezuela Sabrina G. Simeone, María Rios & Jeannette Simonpietri You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Corresponde...

References : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Carvalho C, Carvalho L, Costa L, et al. Titanium implants: a removal torque study in osteopenic rabbits. Indian J Dent Res. 2010;21(3):349–52. Gehrke S, Dos Santos M, Dedavid B, et al. Potencial de Osseointegra¢ão versus características da superficie microtexturizada Vellox. Revista Implant News. 2011;8:229–37. Mall N, Dhanasekar B, Aparna I. Validation of implant stability: a measure of ...

References : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Cehreli M, Karasoy D, Akca K, et al. Meta-analysis of methods used to assess implant stability. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24(6):1015–32. Gomes J, Campos F, Marin C, et al. Implant biomechanical stability variation at early implantation times in vivo: an experimental study in dogs. J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013;28(3):128–34. Gehrke S. Acondicionamiento de la textura superficial ...

Conclusions : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied...

Under the ideal conditions of the study herein, the application of a 30-Ncm reverse torque at the time of the stage 2 surgery, before the prosthetic restoration, allowed the clinical identification of the stability of 40 dental implants. Primary stability depends on the micro and macroscopic characteristics of the dental implant. Thus, after the application of a 30-Ncm reverse torque, both implan...

Discussion : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

In order to exclude risk factors, as there are no previous researches on reverse torque in humans, the research was made following a conventional protocol, only on lower jaw implants, with implants of treated surface, which have benefits that greatly compensate for the risks, allowing for faster osseointegration levels because the rugosity increases the contact surface between the implant and the ...

Discussion : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

The reverse torque technique proposed by Roberts in 1984 to evaluate dental implants integration proved to be successful. The most recent researches are aimed at evaluating current results. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate, by means of the 30 Ncm reverse torque test, 40 dental implants on the lower jaw, during the stage 2 surgery, as a mechanical and clinical, non-invasive tre...

Results : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

This study reports on the clinical behavior of 40 dental implants placed on the lower jaw, on ideal bone, and under ideal surgical and systemic conditions, subjected to a 30-Ncm reverse torque during the stage 2 surgery, on 17 patients. The patients evaluated only showed normal signs and symptoms of post-operatory swelling. According to the distribution of the implants on the mandibular region, 2...

Methods : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

On the data collection table, the existence of any peri-implant radiolucency radiographic images previous to the stage 2 surgery was recorded. After the application of the 30 Ncm reverse torque, the presence or absence of dental implant movement was recorded, as well as any incidence of symptomatology (pain), or presence of any clinical signs.

Methods : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

A clinical trial was carried out, in which 17 patients treated with implants at the School of Dentistry of the Santa Maria University and which had had 40 dental implants placed from two different commercial brands, with NanoTec™ and Vellox® surfaces, on the lower jaw, with the approval of the Bioethics Committee of the Santa Maria University (Fig. 1). Patients 18 years old or older; Signed...

Reverse torque in dental implants : “Reverse tor...

Since the study herein is not found in humans [5, 9], last phase of study, and counting on previous results from in vitro and in vivo researches with animal models on long bones (femur, tibia, mandibles) in dogs, pigs, baboons, rabbits, and even in mastoid bones [6, 9–16], which provide necessary information to design human trials, this mechanical test was performed on dental implants in humans,...

Reverse torque in dental implants : “Reverse tor...

The reverse torque test proposed by Roberts et al. in 1984, and developed by Johansson and Albrektsson in 1987 [6], is considered as a special advantage in stage 2 surgery, because it represents a definitive clinical verification of initial integration of the dental implant with the bone surface. The torque level required is commonly expressed in Newton centimeters (Ncm) [7, 8]. This way, a clini...

Background : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Primary stability has been reestablished as a previous clinical requirement to achieve osseointegration. The presence of movements between the surface of the implant and the bone tissue induces a bone resorption that produces fibrointegration, in which the implant is surrounded by an interphase of soft or connective tissue, and not bone tissue [1, 2]. Strategies used to improve bone response incl...

Abstract : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to...

On bone implantology, stability of a dental implant is an essential clinical tool during osseointegration evaluation, as it is a reflection of the structural and functional connection between the bone and the implant. The sample was comprised by 17 patients with 40 NanoTec™ and Vellox® implants, placed on the lower jaw, under optimum conditions, after a minimum healing period of 3 months, duri...

Fig. 5. Reverse torque at 30 Ncm : “Reverse tor...

Fig. 5. Reverse torque at 30 Ncm Fig. 5. Reverse torque at 30 Ncm

Fig. 4. Reverse torque test : “Reverse torque of...

Fig. 4. Reverse torque test Fig. 4. Reverse torque test

Fig. 3. 30 Ncm, measurement : “Reverse torque o...

Fig. 3. 30 Ncm, measurement Fig. 3. 30 Ncm, measurement

Fig. 2. Informed consent for patients : “Reverse...

Fig. 2. Informed consent for patients Fig. 2. Informed consent for patients

Fig. 1. Approval of the Bioethics Committee of the...

Fig. 1. Approval of the Bioethics Committee of the Santa Maria University Fig. 1. Approval of the Bioethics Committee of the Santa Maria University

About this article : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm ...

Simeone, S.G., Rios, M. & Simonpietri, J. “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to dental implants as test for osseointegration”—a human observational study. Int J Implant Dent 2, 26 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0060-4 Download citation Received: 12 September 2016 Accepted: 22 November 2016 Published: 07 December 2016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0060-4

Rights and permissions : “Reverse torque of 30 ...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Author information : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm ...

Santa Maria University, Calle La Línea, Residencias El Parque, Piso 5, Apto B–5B. La Carlota. Municipio Sucre, Caracas, 1071, Venezuela Sabrina G. Simeone, María Rios & Jeannette Simonpietri You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Corresponde...

References : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Carvalho C, Carvalho L, Costa L, et al. Titanium implants: a removal torque study in osteopenic rabbits. Indian J Dent Res. 2010;21(3):349–52. Gehrke S, Dos Santos M, Dedavid B, et al. Potencial de Osseointegra¢ão versus características da superficie microtexturizada Vellox. Revista Implant News. 2011;8:229–37. Mall N, Dhanasekar B, Aparna I. Validation of implant stability: a measure of ...

References : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Cehreli M, Karasoy D, Akca K, et al. Meta-analysis of methods used to assess implant stability. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24(6):1015–32. Gomes J, Campos F, Marin C, et al. Implant biomechanical stability variation at early implantation times in vivo: an experimental study in dogs. J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013;28(3):128–34. Gehrke S. Acondicionamiento de la textura superficial ...

Conclusions : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied...

Under the ideal conditions of the study herein, the application of a 30-Ncm reverse torque at the time of the stage 2 surgery, before the prosthetic restoration, allowed the clinical identification of the stability of 40 dental implants. Primary stability depends on the micro and macroscopic characteristics of the dental implant. Thus, after the application of a 30-Ncm reverse torque, both implan...

Discussion : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

In order to exclude risk factors, as there are no previous researches on reverse torque in humans, the research was made following a conventional protocol, only on lower jaw implants, with implants of treated surface, which have benefits that greatly compensate for the risks, allowing for faster osseointegration levels because the rugosity increases the contact surface between the implant and the ...

Discussion : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

The reverse torque technique proposed by Roberts in 1984 to evaluate dental implants integration proved to be successful. The most recent researches are aimed at evaluating current results. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate, by means of the 30 Ncm reverse torque test, 40 dental implants on the lower jaw, during the stage 2 surgery, as a mechanical and clinical, non-invasive tre...

Results : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

This study reports on the clinical behavior of 40 dental implants placed on the lower jaw, on ideal bone, and under ideal surgical and systemic conditions, subjected to a 30-Ncm reverse torque during the stage 2 surgery, on 17 patients. The patients evaluated only showed normal signs and symptoms of post-operatory swelling. According to the distribution of the implants on the mandibular region, 2...

Methods : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

On the data collection table, the existence of any peri-implant radiolucency radiographic images previous to the stage 2 surgery was recorded. After the application of the 30 Ncm reverse torque, the presence or absence of dental implant movement was recorded, as well as any incidence of symptomatology (pain), or presence of any clinical signs.

Methods : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

A clinical trial was carried out, in which 17 patients treated with implants at the School of Dentistry of the Santa Maria University and which had had 40 dental implants placed from two different commercial brands, with NanoTec™ and Vellox® surfaces, on the lower jaw, with the approval of the Bioethics Committee of the Santa Maria University (Fig. 1). Patients 18 years old or older; Signed...

Reverse torque in dental implants : “Reverse tor...

Since the study herein is not found in humans [5, 9], last phase of study, and counting on previous results from in vitro and in vivo researches with animal models on long bones (femur, tibia, mandibles) in dogs, pigs, baboons, rabbits, and even in mastoid bones [6, 9–16], which provide necessary information to design human trials, this mechanical test was performed on dental implants in humans,...

Reverse torque in dental implants : “Reverse tor...

The reverse torque test proposed by Roberts et al. in 1984, and developed by Johansson and Albrektsson in 1987 [6], is considered as a special advantage in stage 2 surgery, because it represents a definitive clinical verification of initial integration of the dental implant with the bone surface. The torque level required is commonly expressed in Newton centimeters (Ncm) [7, 8]. This way, a clini...

Background : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Primary stability has been reestablished as a previous clinical requirement to achieve osseointegration. The presence of movements between the surface of the implant and the bone tissue induces a bone resorption that produces fibrointegration, in which the implant is surrounded by an interphase of soft or connective tissue, and not bone tissue [1, 2]. Strategies used to improve bone response incl...

Abstract : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to...

On bone implantology, stability of a dental implant is an essential clinical tool during osseointegration evaluation, as it is a reflection of the structural and functional connection between the bone and the implant. The sample was comprised by 17 patients with 40 NanoTec™ and Vellox® implants, placed on the lower jaw, under optimum conditions, after a minimum healing period of 3 months, duri...

Fig. 3. Example of another case involved in the s...

Fig. 3. Example of another case involved in the study. a Preoperative view –premolars and molars are missing in left mandible. b Preoperative CT scan. The width of the ridge was around 4 mm. c Baseline periapical radiograph. Four narrow diameter implants were placed to restore the area. d Buccal view of the final full-contour zirconia restoration. e Periapical radiograph at 1 year after loa...

Fig. 2. Case 1: Example of one case involved in t...

Fig. 2. Case 1: Example of one case involved in the study. a Preoperative view of a partial edentulism in posterior mandible. b Preoperative CT scan. The width of the ridge was 4 mm. c Four narrow diameter implants were placed and left to a nonsubmerged healing. d Baseline periapical radiograph. e Buccal vieew of the final metal ceramic restoration. f Periapical radiograph at 1 year after loa...

Fig. 1. Characteristics of the implants used in t...

Fig. 1. Characteristics of the implants used in the study: a external macro-design of JDIcon Ultra S, 2.75 mm diameter implant and b external macro-design of JDEvolution S, 3.25 mm diameter implant Fig. 1. Characteristics of the implants used in the study: a external macro-design of JDIcon Ultra S, 2.75 mm diameter implant and b external macro-design of JDEvolution S, 3.25 mm diameter i...

Table 4 Comparison of mean bone levels (means ±...

Diameter 2.75 mm    Follow-up Mean bone level changes (mm) (n = 69) 0–6 months (95% CI) (n = 67) 0–12 months (95% CI) (n = 67) ...

Table 3 Comparison of mean bone levels (means ±...

Follow-up Mean bone level (mm) (n = 124) Time 0–6 months (95% CI) (n = 121) 0–12 months (95% CI) (n = 121) ...

Table 2 Dimensions (diameter and length) and final...

Length (mm) 8 18 (14.5%) 10 56 (45.2%) 11.5 ...

Table 1 Features of the subjects included in the s...

Number of patients 42 Males (%) 18 (42.9%) Females (%) 24 (57.1%) ...

About this article : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.2...

Grandi, T., Svezia, L. & Grandi, G. Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diameter) supporting a fixed splinted prostheses in posterior regions of mandible: one-year results from a prospective cohort study. Int J Implant Dent 3, 43 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0102-6 Download citation Received: 23 March 2017 Accepted: 29 August 2017 Published: 08 September 2017 ...

Rights and permissions : Narrow implants (2.75 and...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Ethics declarations : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3....

Tommaso Grandi serves as a consultant for JDentalCare. Luigi Svezia and Giovanni Grandi declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.2...

Private practice, Via Contrada 323, 41126, Modena, Italy Tommaso Grandi & Luigi Svezia Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy Giovanni Grandi You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can ...

References : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm di...

Download references

References : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm di...

Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Maghaireh H, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different times for loading dental implants (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(3):CD003878. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003878.pub5. Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Felice P, Karatzopoulos G, Worthington HV, Coulthard P. The efficacy of horizontal and vertical bone augmentation procedures for...

Conclusions : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm d...

Within the limits of this prospective cohort study, narrow-diameter implants (2.75 to 3.25 mm) can be successfully used as a minimally invasive alternative to horizontal bone augmentation in posterior mandible up to 1 year of function. This outcome could be related to the fact that these implants have been all splinted to other implants by a fixed prosthesis. These preliminary results must be co...

Discussion : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm di...

On the one hand, due to the small sample size of this study and moreover, the short follow-up (only 1 year after loading), it would be hazardous to conclude that the placement of NDIs to support fixed prostheses in posterior mandible is a predictable treatment modality. In order to draw more reliable conclusions, we need to wait for longer follow-ups, since it may be possible that after several y...

Discussion : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm di...

Dental implants with a reduced diameter are commonly used where bone width is narrow or in cases of restricted mesiodistal anatomy such as laterally maxillary and mandibular incisors. They could also be a viable alternative to bone augmentation especially in challenging situations such as the posterior regions of the mandible. While it has been shown that it is possible to horizontally augment bon...

Results : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diame...

The radiographic data are summarized in Tables 3 and 4. The group lost statistically significant marginal peri-implant bone at 6 months (−0.20; 95% C −0.14: −0.26, p 

Results : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diame...

Forty-eight patients were screened for eligibility, but six subjects were not included for the following reasons: five patients (10.4%) were hesitant to receive implant treatment, and one patient (2.1%) was treated with intravenous amino-bisphosphonates. Forty-two patients were then considered eligible and were consecutively enrolled in the study. All patients were treated according to the allocat...

Methods : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diame...

Primary outcome measures were as follows: Implant failure: evaluated as implant mobility and removal of stable implants dictated by progressive marginal bone loss or infection. The stability of each implant was measured manually by tightening the abutment screw with a wrench delivering a torque of 20 Ncm. Implant stability assessment was performed at delivery of definitive crowns (3 months afte...

Methods : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diame...

The present prospective study was conducted at a private practice (Tommaso Grandi, Modena) in Italy between October 2014 and January 2016. Any patient with partial edentulism in posterior regions of mandible (premolar/molar areas), requiring one multiple tooth implant-supported restoration (2-, 3-, or 4-unit bridge), having a residual bone height of at least 8 mm and a thickness of at least 4 m...

Background : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm di...

The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the outcome of narrow-diameter implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diameter) used as definitive implants in patients with insufficient bone ridge thickness for placing standard-diameter implants in posterior regions of the mandible. The present study reports the clinical outcome up to 1 year after loading. It is planned to follow up this patients’ cohort to ...

Background : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm di...

Historically, implants have been used and documented mainly with diameters between 3.7 and 4.3 mm. Employing these diameters for numerous indications, scientifically substantiated treatment protocols with excellent long-term results have been established [1]. One disadvantage of a standard-diameter implant is the fact that, in clinical use, the available horizontal crestal dimensions of the alveo...

Abstract : Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diam...

Can multiple splinted narrow-diameter implants be used as definitive implants in patients with insufficient bone ridge thickness in posterior regions of the mandible? With this aim, we evaluated their outcomes in this set up to 1 year after loading. Forty-two patients with a mean age of 61.3 years old (range 49–73) in need of fixed prosthetic implant-supported rehabilitations in the posterior...

About this article : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm ...

Simeone, S.G., Rios, M. & Simonpietri, J. “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to dental implants as test for osseointegration”—a human observational study. Int J Implant Dent 2, 26 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0060-4 Download citation Received: 12 September 2016 Accepted: 22 November 2016 Published: 07 December 2016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-0...

Rights and permissions : “Reverse torque of 30 ...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm ...

Santa Maria University, Calle La Línea, Residencias El Parque, Piso 5, Apto B–5B. La Carlota. Municipio Sucre, Caracas, 1071, Venezuela Sabrina G. Simeone, María Rios & Jeannette Simonpietri You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar You can also search for ...

References : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Carvalho C, Carvalho L, Costa L, et al. Titanium implants: a removal torque study in osteopenic rabbits. Indian J Dent Res. 2010;21(3):349–52. Gehrke S, Dos Santos M, Dedavid B, et al. Potencial de Osseointegra¢ão versus características da superficie microtexturizada Vellox. Revista Implant News. 2011;8:229–37. Mall N, Dhanasekar B, Aparna I. Validation of implant stability: a measure of ...

References : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Cehreli M, Karasoy D, Akca K, et al. Meta-analysis of methods used to assess implant stability. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2009;24(6):1015–32. Gomes J, Campos F, Marin C, et al. Implant biomechanical stability variation at early implantation times in vivo: an experimental study in dogs. J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013;28(3):128–34. Gehrke S. Acondicionamiento de la textura superficial ...

Conclusions : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied...

Under the ideal conditions of the study herein, the application of a 30-Ncm reverse torque at the time of the stage 2 surgery, before the prosthetic restoration, allowed the clinical identification of the stability of 40 dental implants. Primary stability depends on the micro and macroscopic characteristics of the dental implant. Thus, after the application of a 30-Ncm reverse torque, both implan...

Discussion : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

In order to exclude risk factors, as there are no previous researches on reverse torque in humans, the research was made following a conventional protocol, only on lower jaw implants, with implants of treated surface, which have benefits that greatly compensate for the risks, allowing for faster osseointegration levels because the rugosity increases the contact surface between the implant and the ...

Discussion : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

The reverse torque technique proposed by Roberts in 1984 to evaluate dental implants integration proved to be successful. The most recent researches are aimed at evaluating current results. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate, by means of the 30 Ncm reverse torque test, 40 dental implants on the lower jaw, during the stage 2 surgery, as a mechanical and clinical, non-invasive tre...

Results : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

This study reports on the clinical behavior of 40 dental implants placed on the lower jaw, on ideal bone, and under ideal surgical and systemic conditions, subjected to a 30-Ncm reverse torque during the stage 2 surgery, on 17 patients. The patients evaluated only showed normal signs and symptoms of post-operatory swelling. According to the distribution of the implants on the mandibular region, 2...

Methods : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

On the data collection table, the existence of any peri-implant radiolucency radiographic images previous to the stage 2 surgery was recorded. After the application of the 30 Ncm reverse torque, the presence or absence of dental implant movement was recorded, as well as any incidence of symptomatology (pain), or presence of any clinical signs.

Methods : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to ...

A clinical trial was carried out, in which 17 patients treated with implants at the School of Dentistry of the Santa Maria University and which had had 40 dental implants placed from two different commercial brands, with NanoTec™ and Vellox® surfaces, on the lower jaw, with the approval of the Bioethics Committee of the Santa Maria University (Fig. 1). Patients 18 years old or older; Signed...

Reverse torque in dental implants : “Reverse tor...

Since the study herein is not found in humans [5, 9], last phase of study, and counting on previous results from in vitro and in vivo researches with animal models on long bones (femur, tibia, mandibles) in dogs, pigs, baboons, rabbits, and even in mastoid bones [6, 9–16], which provide necessary information to design human trials, this mechanical test was performed on dental implants in humans,...

Reverse torque in dental implants : “Reverse tor...

The reverse torque test proposed by Roberts et al. in 1984, and developed by Johansson and Albrektsson in 1987 [6], is considered as a special advantage in stage 2 surgery, because it represents a definitive clinical verification of initial integration of the dental implant with the bone surface. The torque level required is commonly expressed in Newton centimeters (Ncm) [7, 8]. This way, a clini...

Background : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied ...

Primary stability has been reestablished as a previous clinical requirement to achieve osseointegration. The presence of movements between the surface of the implant and the bone tissue induces a bone resorption that produces fibrointegration, in which the implant is surrounded by an interphase of soft or connective tissue, and not bone tissue [1, 2]. Strategies used to improve bone response incl...

Abstract : “Reverse torque of 30 Ncm applied to...

On bone implantology, stability of a dental implant is an essential clinical tool during osseointegration evaluation, as it is a reflection of the structural and functional connection between the bone and the implant. The sample was comprised by 17 patients with 40 NanoTec™ and Vellox® implants, placed on the lower jaw, under optimum conditions, after a minimum healing period of 3 months, duri...

Figure 3. Example of another case involved in the ...

  Figure 3. Example of another case involved in the study. a Preoperative view –premolars and molars are missing in left mandible. b Preoperative CT scan. The width of the ridge was around 4 mm. c Baseline periapical radiograph. Four narrow diameter implants were placed to restore the area. d Buccal view of the final full-contour zirconia restoration. e Periapical radiograph at 1...

Figure 2. Case 1: Example of one case involved in ...

  Figure 2. Case 1: Example of one case involved in the study. a Preoperative view of a partial edentulism in posterior mandible. b Preoperative CT scan. The width of the ridge was 4 mm. c Four narrow diameter implants were placed and left to a nonsubmerged healing. d Baseline periapical radiograph. e Buccal vieew of the final metal ceramic restoration. f Periapical radiograph at ...

Table 4 Comparison of mean bone levels (means ± S...

Diameter 2.75 mm    Follow-up Mean bone level changes (mm) (n = 69) 0–6 months (95% CI) (n = 67) 0–12 months (95% CI) (n = 67) p inter-groups  Baseline 0.02 ± 0.07 −0.18 (−0.09; −0.27) −0.47 (−0.27; −0.67) p = 0.786  6 months 0.20 ± 0.12 p intra-group  12 months 0.49 ± 0.30 p 

Table 2 Dimensions (diameter and length) and final...

Length (mm) 8 18 (14.5%) 10 56 (45.2%) 11.5 43 (34.7%) 13 7 (5.6%) Diameter (mm) 2.75 69 (55.6%) 3.25 55 (44.4%) Insertion torque (Ncm) 30 21 (16.9%) 35 16 (12.9%) 40 10 (8.1%) 45 11 (8.9%) 50 32 (25.8%) 55 7 (5.6%) 60 16 (12.9%) 65 5 (4.1%) 70 6 (4.8%)

Table 1 Features of the subjects included in the s...

Number of patients 42 Males (%) 18 (42.9%) Females (%) 24 (57.1%) Mean age at insertion (range) 62.6 (49–73) Smokers (less than 10 cigarettes/die) 12 (28.6%) Diseases in history  Controlled diabetes type 2 11 (26.2%)  Hypertension 19 (45.2%) Site of insertion  Premolar 81 (65.3%)  Molar 43 (34.7%) Opposite dentition ...

Figure 1. Characteristics of the implants used in ...

  Figure 1. Characteristics of the implants used in the study: a external macro-design of JDIcon Ultra S, 2.75 mm diameter implant and b external macro-design of JDEvolution S, 3.25 mm diameter implant

References: Narrow implants supporting a fixed spl...

References Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Maghaireh H, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different times for loading dental implants (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(3):CD003878. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003878.pub5. Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Felice P, Karatzopoulos G, Worthington HV, Coulthard P. The efficacy of horizontal and vertical bone augmenta...

Discussion: Narrow implants supporting a fixed spl...

Klein et al., in a recent systematic review, reported that the survival rate of implants with a diameter of

Discussion: Narrow implants supporting a fixed spl...

Discussion Dental implants with a reduced diameter are commonly used where bone width is narrow or in cases of restricted mesiodistal anatomy such as laterally maxillary and mandibular incisors. They could also be a viable alternative to bone augmentation especially in challenging situations such as the posterior regions of the mandible. While it has been shown that it is possible to horizo...

Results: Narrow implants supporting a fixed splint...

Results Forty-eight patients were screened for eligibility, but six subjects were not included for the following reasons: five patients (10.4%) were hesitant to receive implant treatment, and one patient (2.1%) was treated with intravenous amino-bisphosphonates. Forty-two patients were then considered eligible and were consecutively enrolled in the study. All patients were treated according to ...

Methods : Narrow implants supporting a fixed splin...

Secondary outcome measures were as follows: Peri-implant marginal bone level changes: evaluated on intraoral radiographs taken with the paralleling technique at implant placement, 6 months and 1 year after loading. All measurements were taken by an independent assessor (LS). Radiographs were scanned, digitized in JPG format, converted to TIFF format with a 600 dpi resolution, and stored in...

Methods : Narrow implants supporting a fixed splin...

On the day of surgery, patients were treated under local anesthesia. Full-thickness crestal flaps were elevated with a minimal extension to reduce patient discomfort. The implant sites were prepared according to the procedure recommended by the implant manufacturer (JDentalCare, Modena, Italy). Tapered narrow-diameter implants titanium grade 5 (2.75 and 3.25 mm diameter, respectively, JDIcon Ult...

Methods : Narrow implants supporting a fixed splin...

Methods The present prospective study was conducted at a private practice (Tommaso Grandi, Modena) in Italy between October 2014 and January 2016. Any patient with partial edentulism in posterior regions of mandible (premolar/molar areas), requiring one multiple tooth implant-supported restoration (2-, 3-, or 4-unit bridge), having a residual bone height of at least 8 mm and a thickness of at ...

Background : Narrow implants supporting a fixed sp...

Background Historically, implants have been used and documented mainly with diameters between 3.7 and 4.3 mm. Employing these diameters for numerous indications, scientifically substantiated treatment protocols with excellent long-term results have been established [1]. One disadvantage of a standard-diameter implant is the fact that, in clinical use, the available horizontal crestal dimension...

Narrow implants supporting a fixed splinted prosth...

Narrow implants (2.75 and 3.25 mm diameter) supporting a fixed splinted prostheses in posterior regions of mandible: one-year results from a prospective cohort study   Abstract Background Can multiple splinted narrow-diameter implants be used as definitive implants in patients with insufficient bone ridge thickness in posterior regions of the mandible? With this aim, we evaluated their out...

Table 1 Implant characteristics—insertion region...

Patient Implant region(FDI) Implant parameters Dimensions of implantDiameter [mm]/length [mm] Explantation[Days after placement] 1 3637 First placementStraumannRN SLactive®(TiZr) First placementØ: 4.1; L: 10Ø: 4.1; L: 8 3   3637 Second placementStraumannTissue level(TiZr) Second placementØ :4.1, L: 8Ø :4.1, L: 8 3   36 Third placementConelog ScrewLine(...

Figure 2. a Patient 2. Postoperative orthopantomo...

  Figure 2. a Patient 2. Postoperative orthopantomogram one day after implant placement. b Patient 2. Postoperative orthopantomogram after second Implant placement

Figure 1. a Patient 1. Post grafting orthopantomo...

  Figure 1. a Patient 1. Post grafting orthopantomogram. The bone block was secured with a single microscrew. b Patient 1. The radiograph demonstrates veritable inserted Straumann bone level implants after the first implant placement (1 day after implant placement). A peri-implant osteolysis is not visible. c Patient 1. Postoperative orthopantomogram (1 day after implant placement) afte...

References : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

References Esposito M, Thomsen P, Ericson LE, Lekholm U. Histopathologic observations on early oral implant failures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1999;14:798–810. Olmedo-Gaya MV, Manzano-Moreno FJ, Cañaveral-Cavero E, de Dios Luna-Del Castillo J, Vallecillo-Capilla M. Risk factors associated with early implant failure: a 5-year retrospective clinical study. J Prosthet Dent. 2016;115...

Discussion : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

However, a synergistic effect with other factors is conceivable. Some authors stated that implant osseointegration is not simply a wound healing phenomenon but rather complex foreign body reaction with activation of the immune system. Titanium and metal particle release is discussed as cause for implant failure as well as implant dentistry. It is assumed that metal particles influence the ma...

Discussion : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

However, a present human study cannot confirm an effect due to vitamin D supplementation on bone formation or graft resorption after maxillary sinus augmentation. Satue et al. found a positive influence of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), the precursor of vitamin D, coated implants on osteoblast differentiation in vitro. But whether vitamin D-coated dental implants have an effect of osseo...

Discussion : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Discussion This article demonstrated that implant placement was successful after vitamin D supplementation in patients with vitamin D deficiency and early failed implants. None of the patients showed systemic disease or did take regular medication, alcohol, nicotine, or drugs. The patients were not immunosuppressed, irradiated, or received chemotherapy. All implants were inserted with the s...

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

After vitamin D supplementation and a healing period of 6 months, a third surgical intervention was planned and one implant (Conelog ScrewLine) was inserted in region 36 (see Table 1 and Fig. 1d). During implant placement, the former explantation site appeared clinically fully re-ossified. The patient received an intraoperative intravenous single-dose antibiotic therapy with Isocillin 1.2 mega. At...

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

  Patient The medical history of this 48-year-old male patient showed a high blood pressure; otherwise, the patient was healthy. A successfully completed periodontal therapy was done before implant therapy. The patient demonstrated stable marginal bone levels. Autologous retromolar bone grafting using local anesthesia was performed in the left mandible (see Fig. 1a). This patient received a pos...

Case presentation : Vitamin D deficiency in early ...

Case presentation Patients and surgical procedure Patients treated consecutively in one center (Department of Oral- and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg). None of the patients showed systemic disease. Both patients did not take regular medication and were negative for alcohol, nicotine, and drug use. Bothe male patients (48 and 51 years of age) were not immunosu...

Background : Vitamin D deficiency in early implant...

Background Long-term stable osseointegrated implants are the primary goal in dental implantology. Although dental implants have proven clinical reliable in the long term, the failure of implants at a very early stage of osseointegration has been described. The pursuit to identify the mechanisms leading to early implant failure is ongoing to date and include the following: tobacco usage, diabete...

Vitamin D deficiency in early implant failure: two...

Abstract An association between vitamin D deficiency and early dental implant failure is not properly verified, but its role in osteoimmunology is discussed. This article illustrates two case reports with vitamin D deficiency and early implant failure. Prior to implant placement, the first patient received crestal bone grafting with autologous material. Both patients received dental implants fr...

Figure 6. Von Mises stress distribution on bone

  Figure 6. Figure 6. a–d Von Mises stress distribution on bone. From a to d: L-M, ZL-M, L-V, and ZL-V respectively. The stress concentration occurred in the cortical bone around the neck of the implant. Groups L-M and ZL-M were quite similar and reduced stress

Figure 5. a–d Von Mises stress distribution on a...

Figure 5. a–d Von Mises stress distribution on abutment. From a to d: L-M, ZL-M, L-V, and ZL-V respectively. Von Mises stresses were relatively similar and concentrated at the coronal part of the abutment in all groups Figure 5. a–d Von Mises stress distribution on abutment. From a to d: L-M, ZL-M, L-V, and ZL-V respectively. Von Mises stresses were relatively similar and concentrated ...

Figure 4. a–d Von Mises stress distribution on i...

Figure 4. a–d Von Mises stress distribution on implant. From a to d: L-M, ZL-M, L-V, and ZL-V respectively Figure 4. a–d Von Mises stress distribution on implant. From a to d: L-M, ZL-M, L-V, and ZL-V respectively

Figure 3. a–d Maximum principal stress distribut...

Figure 3. a–d Maximum principal stress distribution on crown restoration. From a to d: L-M, ZL-M, L-V, and ZL-V respectively Figure 3. a–d Maximum principal stress distribution on crown restoration. From a to d: L-M, ZL-M, L-V, and ZL-V respectively

Figure 2. The graph of the interaction of the mate...

Figure 2. The graph of the interaction of the materials and restoration design

Table 4 Descriptive statistical analysis of the gr...

Group N Mean (N) Standard deviation Minimum Maximum L-M 12 2891.88a 410.12 2079.74 3486.96 L-V 12 2077.37bc 356.59 1220.96 2493.39 ZL-M 12 1750.28c 314.96 1084.36 2163.95 ZL-V 12 2202.55b 503.14 1292.20 2912.81

Table 3 The properties of the materials used in FE...

Material Young’s modulus (GPa) Poisson ratio Reference E.max CAD 95 0.20 [1] Vita Suprinity 65 0.23 [2] Vita VM 11 65 0.23 * E.max Ceram 64 0.23 [4] Implant and abutment 114 0.34 [5] Cortical bone 13.7 0.3 [5] Spongious bone 1 0.3 [5]

Figure 1. Crown restoration design

Figure 1. Crown restoration design

Table 2 The materials in the groups

Groups N Materials L-M 12 IPS e-max CADIPS e.max CAD glaze L-V 12 IPS e-max CADe.max Ceram DentinIPS e.max Ceram Glaze ZL-M 12 Vita SuprinityVita Akzent Plus ZL-V 12 Vita SuprinityVM-11Vita Akzent Plus

Table 1 The materials used in the study

Material Chemical composition (%) Coefficient of thermal expansion (10−6 K−1) Flexural strength (MPa) Manufacturer IPS e.max CAD; lithium disilicate glass ceramic (LDS) SiO2 (57–80), Li2O (11–19), K2O (0–13), P2O5 (0–11), ZrO2 (0–8), ZnO (0–8), Al2O3 (0–5), MgO (0–5), coloring oxides (0–8) 10.2 360 Ivoclar Vivadent IPS e.max Ceram; low-fusing nan...

Conclusion : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured im...

Conclusions Within the limitation of the present study, it can be concluded that the restoration design affected the failure load of ceramics. Monolithic design had a statistically significant effect on the failure load of two different ceramics (LDS > ZLS). Veneer application had opposite effects on two different ceramics which increased the failure load of ZLS and reduced it for LDS witho...

Discussion : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured im...

Zheng et al. compared the stress distribution of the same veneering ceramic on different cores and concluded that the zirconia core was clearly different from other materials with higher tensile stresses at the veneer core interface because the increasing differences between the elasticity modulus of the core and the veneer transmitted higher stress concentrations to the cores. Con...

Discussion : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured im...

Veneer application provided additional strength to the ZLS crowns in contrast to the LDS crowns. The higher failure load of the veneered ZLS crowns (2202.55 N; group L-V 2077.37 N) may be associated with the higher flexural strength of the veneering porcelain VM-11 (100 MPa; emax Ceram 90 MPa). These veneered groups had a statistically significant difference from the monoli...

Discussion : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured im...

Similar results were presented in a study of Traini et al. as it was concluded that ZLS was comparable to that of existing zirconia-based ceramics and was suitable for oral function even in the posterior regions. In the literature, there have been few studies on this ceramic and a limited number of them include the failure load of the material. In one of these studi...

Discussion : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured im...

In literature, it has been stated that the failure load of LDS crowns was higher than veneered zirconia and could be comparable with metal ceramic systems. Doğan et al. evaluated the fracture strength of different CAD/CAM-manufactured crowns and concluded that the monolithic LDS crowns had the highest fracture resistance. Present study confirmed as monolithic LDS crowns demonstrated so satisfying...

Discussion : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured im...

Discussion Implant-supported restorations have been accepted as an alternative treatment for the rehabilitation of edentulous spaces. Despite the high success rates, implant failures are inevitable and classified as early or late implant failures. Late implant failures are observed after prosthetic restoration which is primarily related to biomechanical complications. Since occlusal loads are t...

Results : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured impla...

Results Descriptive analysis (mean, standard deviation (SD), minimum, maximum) of the groups is presented in Table 4. Group L-M exhibited the highest failure load values (2891.88 N ± 410.12 N), and the lowest values were observed in group ZL-M (1750.28 N ± 314.96 N). Two-way ANOVA indicated a statistically significant difference between materials and veneering technique (p = 0.00 < ...

Method : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured implan...

  Statistical analysis The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 24.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA). The Kolmogorov–Smirnov normality test was used to evaluate whether the data distribution of the groups was normal. The homogeneity of the variances was analyzed by Levene’s test. Since test results indicated that data distribution of the groups was normal and the variances were homogenous,...

Method : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured implan...

All crowns were subjected to a combination firing that included crystallization and glaze firing according to each manufacturer’s guidelines in the ceramic furnace (Vita Vacumat 6000 M, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany). For veneered restorations, the design mode was changed to “split,” and the core was constructed in 0.6-mm thickness. In group L-V (n = 12), e.max ...

Method : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured implan...

Methods Preparation of test groups This study tested the current glass ceramic ZLS by comparing LDS with monolithic and conventional veneering techniques in implant-supported crowns: group L-M: lithium disilicate ceramic (monolithic), group L-V: lithium disilicate ceramic (conventional veneering), group ZL-M: zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (monolithic), group ZL-V: zirconia-reinf...

Background : Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured im...

Background Implants have been successfully used to replace missing teeth for many years. Notwithstanding the high success rates, complications such as screw loosening and/or fracture, prosthesis fracture, and even implant fracture are inevitable. The reasons of the complication may be related to decreased proprioception and low tactile sensitivity which makes implant-supported crowns more susc...

Comparison of CAD/CAM manufactured implant-support...

Abstract Background Present study compared the failure load of CAD/CAM-manufactured implant-supported crowns and the stress distribution on the prosthesis-implant-bone complex with different restoration techniques. Methods The materials were divided into four groups: group L-M: lithium disilicate ceramic (LDS, monolithic), group L-V: LDS ceramic (veneering), group ZL-M: zirconia-reinforced l...