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Fig. 3. Postoperative radiograph of the resected d...

Fig. 3. Postoperative radiograph of the resected dental implant in the right anterior maxilla Fig. 3. Postoperative radiograph of the resected dental implant in the right anterior maxilla

Fig. 2. On radiological examination, it was confir...

Fig. 2. On radiological examination, it was confirmed that the dental implant had perforated the cortical bone of the right nasal floor Fig. 2. On radiological examination, it was confirmed that the dental implant had perforated the cortical bone of the right nasal floor

Fig. 1. On anterior rhinoscopy, the apical part of...

Fig. 1. On anterior rhinoscopy, the apical part of the titanium dental implant in the right anterior maxilla was seen in the nasal floor close to the nasal septum Fig. 1. On anterior rhinoscopy, the apical part of the titanium dental implant in the right anterior maxilla was seen in the nasal floor close to the nasal septum

About this article : Altered nasal airflow: an unu...

Wolff, J., Karagozoglu, K.H., Bretschneider, J.H. et al. Altered nasal airflow: an unusual complication following implant surgery in the anterior maxilla. Int J Implant Dent 2, 6 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0045-3 Download citation Received: 24 August 2015 Accepted: 23 March 2016 Published: 29 March 2016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0045-3

Rights and permissions : Altered nasal airflow: an...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Additional information : Altered nasal airflow: an...

Jan Wolff, Hakki Karagozoglu, Jochen Bretschneider, Tymour Forouzanfar, and Engelbert Schulten declare that they have no competing interests. JW gave substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, drafted the work, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately i...

Author information : Altered nasal airflow: an unu...

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, VU University Medical Center/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands Jan Wolff, K. Hakki Karagozoglu, Tymour Forouzanfar & Engelbert A. J. M. Schulten Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Jochen H...

References : Altered nasal airflow: an unusual com...

Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Kwan S, et al. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: bone augmentation techniques for dental implant treatment. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;16:CD003607. Raghoebar GM, van Weissenbruch R, Vissink A. Rhino-sinusitis related to endosseous implants extending into the nasal cavity. A case report. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;33:312–4. Zimbler MS, Lebowitz RA, ...

Consent : Altered nasal airflow: an unusual compli...

Since this is a case report, no approval of the Institutional Review Board was necessary. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this Case report and any accompanying images

Conclusions : Altered nasal airflow: an unusual co...

In conclusion, dental implants protruding into the nasal cavity can cause alterations to the airflow. Dental implants partially residing in the nasal cavity can be minimal invasively treated by sectioning the apical part of the implant using a transnasal approach.

Case presentation : Altered nasal airflow: an unus...

No complications were apparent during the surgical procedure. Postoperative clinical and radiological examinations demonstrated an intact nasal mucosa and an adequate resection of the dental implant to the level of the nasal floor (Fig. 3). The patient had an uneventful recovery and at 2-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up, she reported having no altered nasal airflow. Insertion of endosseous dental im...

Case presentation : Altered nasal airflow: an unus...

A 50-year-old female patient was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the VU University Medical Center in Amsterdam with complaints of a long ongoing unpleasant altered nasal airflow after the placement of eight dental implants in the maxilla. Four months prior to implant surgery, a bony augmentation of the atrophic edentulous alveolar crest and a bilateral maxillary sin...

Background : Altered nasal airflow: an unusual com...

Endosseous dental implants are commonly used to rehabilitate fully or partially edentulous patients [1]. The insertion of such implants can in some cases cause complications, especially in the edentulous atrophic maxilla [2–4]. In this paper, an unusual complication of altered nasal airflow after the placement of an endosseous dental implant in the maxilla is presented. Subsequent treatment of t...

Abstract : Altered nasal airflow: an unusual compl...

Dental implants have been in routine clinical use for over three decades and are a predictable treatment modality. However, as with all other aspects of dentistry, complications occur. A 50-year-old female patient with complaints of a long ongoing unpleasant altered nasal airflow presented herself at the VU University Medical Center Amsterdam. Visual inspection of the right nasal cavity revealed t...

Fig. 6. Radiographic examination: The relationship...

Fig. 6. Radiographic examination: The relationship between changes in the maxillary sinus floor associated with a reduction in the grafted bone and the implant tip (a immediately after surgery, b 5 years after surgery) Fig. 6. Radiographic examination: The relationship between changes in the maxillary sinus floor associated with a reduction in the grafted bone and the implant tip (a immediat...

Fig. 5. Radiographic examination (long-term change...

Fig. 5. Radiographic examination (long-term changes in bone height surrounding the implant) n = 20 Number of implants. A total of 5 CBCT scans were taken prior to surgery, immediately after surgery, 6 months after surgery, 1–2 years after surgery, and 3–5 years after surgery Fig. 5. Radiographic examination (long-term changes in bone height surrounding the implant) n = 20 Numbe...

Fig. 4. Clinical findings of the second surgery on...

Fig. 4. Clinical findings of the second surgery on biopsy at 6 months. The degree of residual grafting materials varied depending on the patient. a most of the β-TCP remained. b Replacement of the β-TCP by new bone had progressed Fig. 4. Clinical findings of the second surgery on biopsy at 6 months. The degree of residual grafting materials varied depending on the patient. a most of the ...

Fig. 3. Radiographic examination of the height of ...

Fig. 3. Radiographic examination of the height of the bone surrounding the implant (BH): Measurement of changes in the height of the implant tip to the bone fixation part over time in the frontal plane: the distance measured from the intersecting point of the long axis of the implant and the maxillary sinus floor to the implant tip: +maxillary side, −alveolar crest side. The liner valuables: r...

Fig. 2. Radiographic examination of the volume of ...

Fig. 2. Radiographic examination of the volume of the bone graft (BV): Calculation of area on the frontal plane prior to and immediately after surgery using polygon tool. The polygon tool is included in the CT device, which was dragged around the perimeter of the target site to measure area. Graft volume calculation method (sum of the area and calculation of volume). Volume cm3 = area cm2 ...

Fig. 1. Treatment protocol for the present study. ...

Fig. 1. Treatment protocol for the present study. Postoperative CBCT was performed a minimum of three times, i.e., immediately, 6 months, and 2.5 years after implant placement Fig. 1. Treatment protocol for the present study. Postoperative CBCT was performed a minimum of three times, i.e., immediately, 6 months, and 2.5 years after implant placement

Table 8 Examination of the impact of RBH, IL, SW, ...

  Coefficient Standard error 95 % CI P value Time (months) −0.087 ...

Table 7 The radiographic measurements of liner par...

Parameter Mean (mm) SD (mm) RBH 4.48 1.51 ...

Table 6 Radiographic examination of BH (changes in...

NoneTable 6 Radiographic examination of BH (changes in bone height surrounding the implant)

Table 5 Radiographic examination of BV (volumetric...

BV Mean Reduction rate Immediately after surgery (n = 30) 1206 ...

Table 4 The distribution of CBCT examination after...

CBCT examination (year) Number of patients 0–1 0 1–2 14 ...

Table 3 The number of implants according to site :...

Implant site Number of implants 4 6 5 16 6 24 7 12 Total: 58 implants   Table 3 The number of implants according to site

Table 2 Observation period : Long-term radiographi...

Observation period (months) Number of patients 12–18 11 19–24 4 ...

Table 1 Age groups of the 30 patients : Long-term ...

Age group (years) Number of patients 40–49 7 50–59 10 ...

About this article : Long-term radiographic assess...

Okada, T., Kanai, T., Tachikawa, N. et al. Long-term radiographic assessment of maxillary sinus floor augmentation using beta-tricalcium phosphate: analysis by cone-beam computed tomography. Int J Implant Dent 2, 8 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0042-6 Download citation Received: 25 November 2015 Accepted: 23 March 2016 Published: 01 April 2016 DOI: https://do...

Rights and permissions : Long-term radiographic as...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Additional information : Long-term radiographic as...

Tsuneji Okada, Toru Kanai, Noriko Tachikawa, Motohiro Munakata, and Shohei Kasugai declare that they have no competing interests. TO performed the data acquisition, both of surgical and prosthodontic treatments, the data analysis, statistical analysis, and wrote the manuscript. TK performed the treatment plan, making of pictures, and collecting of references. NT and MM performed the data acquisit...

Author information : Long-term radiographic assess...

Clinic for Implant Dentistry, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan Tsuneji Okada, Toru Kanai & Noriko Tachikawa Oral Implantology Department of Prosthodontic Dentistry for Function of TMJ and Occlusion, Kanagawa Dental University, 82, Inaokachou, Yokosuka-shi, 238-8580, Kanagawa, Japan Motohiro Munakata Oral Implantology and...

Acknowledgements : Long-term radiographic assessme...

The bone grafting agent, β-TCP (OSferion), was kindly supplied by Olympus Terumo Biomaterials Corp.

References : Long-term radiographic assessment of ...

Boyne PJ, James RA. Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous marrow and bone. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1980;38:613–6. Jensen OT, Shulman LB, Block MS, et al. Report of the sinus consensus conference of 1996. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 1998;13:11–45. Artzi Z, Weinreb M, Givol N, et al. Biomaterial resorption rate and healing site morphology of inorganic bovine bone and β-tri...

References : Long-term radiographic assessment of ...

Chanavaz M. Maxillary sinus: anatomy, physiology, surgery, and bone grafting related to implantology: eleven years of surgical experience (1979–1990). J Oral Implantol. 1990;16:199–209. Misch CE. Maxillary sinus lift and elevation with subantral augmentation. In: Misch CE, editor. Contemporary implant dentistry. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 1993. p. 545–74. Sharan A, Madjar D. Maxillary sinus pne...

Conclusions : Long-term radiographic assessment of...

Maxillary sinus graft augmentation using β-TCP is clinically effective. Analysis by CBCT provides superior spatial resolution and allows for extremely accurate postoperative evaluation of maxillary sinus floor augmentation and bone volume measurements. On the basis of CBCT examinations, although maxillary sinus pneumatization continues to progress ≥1 year after surgery, it stabilizes 3 year...

Discussion : Long-term radiographic assessment of ...

During the observation period, there was no clinical implant failure and the suvival rate for implantation and maxillary sinus floor augmentation was 100 %. Histological examination in a previous report on maxillary sinus augmentation using β-TCP (Cerasorb®), Szabo et al. compared bilateral maxillary sinus augmentation in the same patients using β-TCP and iliac bone at 6 months after surgery ...

Discussion : Long-term radiographic assessment of ...

As grafting materials for maxillary sinus floor augmentation, autogenous bone, which is considered as the gold standard and reported first by Boyne et al. using iliac bone graft, has been used as the first-choice material. In terms of osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive properties, autogenous bone is considered ideal; however, the use of autogenous bone places great physical stress on ...

Results : Long-term radiographic assessment of max...

Change in height of bone surrounding the implant (height from the maxillary sinus floor to the implant tip): Immediately after surgery, all patients had grafted bone between the implant tip and the maxillary sinus floor, with a mean of 2.00 ± 1.51 mm. This height decreased to 0.73 ± 1.33 mm at 6 months after surgery and −0.72 ± 1.11 mm at 2.5 years after surgery (Fig. 5). 41...

Results : Long-term radiographic assessment of max...

The mean age of the 30 patients was 57.4 (40–75) years, and the male/female ratio was 4:26. The mean postoperative observation period was 3 years and 8 months (the maximum period was 5 years and 0 months; the minimum period was 2 years and 2 months). Total of 58 implants were placed at premolar and molar region. There were no dropouts, such as participants not visiting the clinic, during t...

Methods : Long-term radiographic assessment of max...

Residual bone height (RBH): existing bone height to the maxillary sinus at the implant site Implant length (IL): the length of the part of the implant that projects into the maxillary sinus Width of sinus (SW): the width of the maxillary sinus from lateral wall to medial wall at the height of the center of the IL In the present study, the radiographic examinations were statistically analyzed fo...

Methods : Long-term radiographic assessment of max...

In the present study, we used the superior spatial resolution of CBCT to measure changes over time in (a) the volume of the bone graft (BV) and (b) the height of the bone surrounding the implant (BH). The method of calculating the volume of the implant site is shown below (Fig. 2). The slice thickness (voxel value) was resized (0.146 mm → 1 mm) to derive the volume of the grafting agent...

Methods : Long-term radiographic assessment of max...

This study is a prospective observational study. The subjects included patients who had undergone maxillary sinus floor augmentation using β-TCP and implant placement at the Clinic for Implant Dentistry, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University during the 3-year period from January 2009 to December 2011. All patients underwent maxillary sinus floor augmentation at the same time as imp...

Background : Long-term radiographic assessment of ...

Radiographic examinations to determine changes in bone mass in maxillary sinus floor augmentation have been conducted primarily using panoramic radiography [8–12], which allows for the assessment of the height of the maxillary sinus in only two dimensions. In addition, it does not allow for detailed examination or measurement of the interior of the maxillary sinus without factoring in magnificat...

Background : Long-term radiographic assessment of ...

The maxillary sinus gradually expands after birth and becomes fully pneumatized with the eruption of all permanent teeth. Although the physiological cause and maxillary sinus pneumatization are largely unknown, it is believed that genetics, atmospheric pressure, and hormones are involved in it. This sinus is closely related to the root apex of the premolar and molar teeth, and it is either separat...

Abstract : Long-term radiographic assessment of ma...

The long-term stability of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP remains largely unknown. We report the long-term assessment of volumetric changes in maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The subjects included 30 patients who underwent maxillary sinus floor augmentation using β-TCP and 58 implant placement for unilateral maxillary defect...

Fig. 4. PPS mean crestal bone level change plotted...

Fig. 4. PPS mean crestal bone level change plotted against time (mean, 95 % CI) Fig. 4. PPS mean crestal bone level change plotted against time (mean, 95 % CI)

Fig. 3. Participant flow diagram : A randomized, 1...

Fig. 3. Participant flow diagram Fig. 3. Participant flow diagram

Fig. 2. Restorative flow diagram : A randomized, 1...

Fig. 2. Restorative flow diagram Fig. 2. Restorative flow diagram

Fig. 1. Clinical pictures in each procedure. a Bef...

Fig. 1. Clinical pictures in each procedure. a Before implant placement. b After abutment connection. c Temporary prosthesis. d Final prosthesis Fig. 1. Clinical pictures in each procedure. a Before implant placement. b After abutment connection. c Temporary prosthesis. d Final prosthesis

Table 5 Patient satisfaction at 6 and 12 months, ...

  Indicator Prosthetic comforta Appearanceb Ability to chewc Ability to tasted Fittinge General satisfactionf Treatment arm ...

Table 4 Mean crestal bone level changes, in early ...

Treatment arm Summary statistics Baseline 6 months Change from baseline to 6 months ...

Table 3 Patient demographics and other baseline ch...

Characteristics Early loading arm Conventional loading arm Total (N = 38) (N =...

Table 2 Loading criteria applied at implant placem...

Loading criteria 1 Loading criteria 2 • Sufficient oral hygiene • At least 1 mm bone volume around the implanta • No major dehiscence (

Table 1 Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria ...

Inclusion criteria Age over 20 Patient who have missing teeth in premolar or molar site Good oral hygiene Predicted implant site has 1–3 quality of bone densityand enough quantity of bone Extraction socket in predicted implant site is completely healed (16 weeks or more) ...

About this article : A randomized, 12-month contro...

Dard, M., Shiota, M., Sanda, M. et al. A randomized, 12-month controlled trial to evaluate non-inferiority of early compared to conventional loading of modSLA implants in single tooth gaps. Int J Implant Dent 2, 10 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-016-0040-8 Download citation Received: 25 September 2015 Accepted: 23 March 2016 Published: 04 April 2016 DOI: https://d...

Rights and permissions : A randomized, 12-month co...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Additional information : A randomized, 12-month co...

Michel Dard, Makoto Shiota, Minoru Sanda, Yasutomo Yajima, Hideshi Sekine, and Shohei Kasugai state that there are no conflicts of interest. MD mainly prepared the manuscript and figures. MS arranged this study, participated in its design and coordination, and helped to draft the manuscript. YY, HS, and SK managed the data collection from each centers of Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital (TDCC)...

Author information : A randomized, 12-month contro...

College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA Michel Dard Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan Makoto Shiota, Minoru Sanda & Shohei Kasugai Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan Yasutomo Yajima School of Dentistry, Ohu University, Fukushima, Japan Hideshi Sekine Department of Oral Implantology and Regenerative Dental Medicine, Tokyo Medical ...

Acknowledgements : A randomized, 12-month controll...

This trial was sponsored by Straumann Japan KK. The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Eusaku Watanabe and Nariyuki Maezawa (both Straumann Japan KK) for their contributions to the study.

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Download references

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Krebs M, Schmenger K, Neumann K, Weigl P, Moser W, Nentwig GH. Long-term evaluation of ANKYLOS® dental implants, part I: 20-year life table analysis of a longitudinal study of more than 12,500 implants. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2013. doi:10.1111/cid.12154. Lops D, Bressan E, Pisoni G, Cea N, Corazza B, Romeo E. Short implants in partially edentulous maxillae and mandibles: a 10 to 20 years ...

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Salvi GE, Gallini G, Lang NP. Early loading (2 or 6 weeks) of sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) ITI implants in the posterior mandible. A 1-year randomised controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2004;15:142–9. El-Sheikh AM, Shihabuddin OF, Ghoraba SM. A prospective study of early loaded single implant-retained mandibular overdentures: preliminary one-year results. Int J Dent. 2012. ...

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Morton D, Bornstein MM, Wittneben JG, et al. Early loading after 21 days healing of nonsubmerged titanium implants with a chemically modified sandblasted and acid-etched surface: two-year results of a prospective two-center study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2010;12:9–17. Cochran DL, Jackson JM, Bernard JP, et al. A 5-year prospective multicenter study of early loaded titanium implants with a ...

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Bornstein MM, Wittneben JG, Brägger U, Buser D. Early loading at 21 days of non-submerged titanium implants with a chemically modified sandblasted and acid-etched surface: 3-year results of a prospective study in the posterior mandible. J Periodontol. 2010;81:809–18. Ganeles J, Zöllner A, Jackowski J, ten Bruggenkate C, Beagle J, Guerra F. Immediate and early loading of Straumann implants wit...

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Bornstein MM, Valderrama P, Jones AA, Wilson TG, Seibl R, Cochran DL. Bone apposition around two different sandblasted and acid-etched titanium implant surfaces: a histomorphometric study in canine mandibles. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19:233–41. Lai HC, Zhuang LF, Zhang ZY, Wieland M, Liu X. Bone apposition around two different sandblasted, large-grit and acid-etched implant surfaces at site...

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Maghaireh H, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: different times for loading dental implants. Cochrane Database of Syst Rev. 2013;3:CD003878. Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Willings M, Coulthard P, Worthington HV. The effectiveness of immediate, early, and conventional loading of dental implants: a Cochrane systematic review of randomized controlled clini...

References : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Blanes RJ, Bernard JP, Blanes ZM, Belser UC. A 10-year prospective study of ITI dental implants placed in the posterior region. I: clinical and radiographic results. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2007;18:699–706. Covani U, Chiappe G, Bosco M, Orlando B, Quaranta A, Barone A. A 10-year evaluation of implants placed in fresh extraction sockets: a prospective cohort study. J Periodontol. 2012;83:1226–...

Conclusions : A randomized, 12-month controlled tr...

In conclusion, this study demonstrated that early implant loading was non-inferior to conventional implant loading in terms of crestal bone level change in a Japanese patient population in short follow-up period and single tooth gaps in molar regions. High implant survival and patient satisfaction rates, and a good safety profile, were also achieved.

Discussion : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Early loading of the implants showed a good safety profile, with a similar incidence in AEs between the early and conventional loading groups. The benefits to the patient for the early loading procedure were demonstrated by the patient satisfaction question “What does the patient think about the time taken until occlusal loading was started after implantation surgery?” All patients in the earl...

Discussion : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

The implant survival rate of 100 % after 12 months is also in line with the results from previous studies with chemically modified SLA implants in various situations, including 100 % survival in early loading of mandibular overdentures [55], 100 % survival in single-tooth applications in the anterior maxilla [56], 96.8 % with maxillary sinus floor augmentation [57], and 98 and 97 % with imme...

Discussion : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

This was a randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial to investigate whether the outcomes for chemically modified SLA implants in terms of change in crestal bone level from implant surgery to 6 months were non-inferior with early loading (25 ± 3 days) compared to conventional loading (13 ± 1 weeks). The difference in mean crestal bone level change between the early loading and...

Results : A randomized, 12-month controlled trial ...

In the PPS and FAS, the implant survival rate was 100 % after 12 months. In the PPS, the implant success rate was 100 % at all time points in both the conventional and early loading arms; however, in the FAS, the success rate in the conventional loading arm was 100 % at all time points, while in the early loading arm, success was 100 % at suture removal at 12-month follow-up and 95 % at the ...

Results : A randomized, 12-month controlled trial ...

The study enrolled 84 Japanese patients who had single missing tooth in the molar region. Since four patients were withdrawn due to the exclusion criteria (systemic disease, adjacent teeth with probing pocket depth deeper than 4 mm, mental disorder, and bone deficiency, respectively), 80 patients underwent implant placement. Two further patients were withdrawn before randomization because the ins...

Methods : A randomized, 12-month controlled trial ...

In addition, periodontal examination, in the form of probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing (BoP), was performed at pre-screening and at the 12-month follow-up. Descriptive summary statistics were computed for all parameters, and quantitative parameters were described using mean, standard deviation, median, quartiles, minimum, and maximum. For qualitative variables, absolute and relative freq...

Methods : A randomized, 12-month controlled trial ...

The primary endpoint was a change of crestal bone level between implant surgery (baseline) and final restoration (6 months), assessed by measuring the distance from the implant shoulder to the first bone-to-implant contact both mesially and distally to the implant. Bone level was measured by a single reader on standardized periapical radiographs taken at baseline (day 0), suture removal (7–14...

Methods : A randomized, 12-month controlled trial ...

When a patient fulfilled all inclusion criteria and had no exclusion criteria, then he/she got implant surgery and checked the condition met first criteria for loading (loading criteria 1 (LC1)) (Table 2). All patients received Ti grade IV Straumann Standard Plus Regular Neck (SP RN) implants, 4.1 mm in diameter and 8, 10, or 12 mm in length, with SLActive® surface (Institut Straumann AG, Bas...

Methods : A randomized, 12-month controlled trial ...

This study was designed as a randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial to evaluate non-inferiority of early loading compared to conventional loading of dental implants with a chemically modified SLA surface placed in single tooth gaps, involving three centers in Japan (Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo Dental College Chiba Hospital (TDCC), and Tokyo Dental College Suidobas...

Background : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

Early loading protocols have become relatively common procedures in many countries for implant restoration, but the procedure is much less common in Japan. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate whether the chemically modified SLA implant with early loading was non-inferior to conventional loading, based on the amount of crestal bone change between baseline and 6 months after su...

Background : A randomized, 12-month controlled tri...

The use of dental implants to replace missing or compromised teeth has been well documented clinically over many years. High implant survival rates have been demonstrated for over 10 [1–3], 15 [4], and 20 years [5, 6]. Long-term survival rates for single-tooth implants have been shown to be greater than those for tooth-supported restorations, e.g., fixed partial dentures (FPDs) [7, 8]. Good lon...

Abstract : A randomized, 12-month controlled trial...

The aim of the study was to evaluate whether early loading of implants with a chemically modified sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) (SLActive®) surface was non-inferior to conventional loading in terms of change in crestal bone level. This was a randomized, controlled, multicenter study. Patients requiring single-tooth rehabilitation in the posterior maxilla or mandible received implant...

Fig. 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal t...

Fig. 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal thickening index. A ≤1 mm, indicating no thickening; B >1 mm but ≤2 mm, indicating minimal thickening; C >2 mm but ≤5 mm, indicating moderate thickening; D >5 mm, indicating severe thickening Fig. 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal thickening index. A ≤1 mm, indicating no thickening; B >1 mm but ≤2 mm, indicating min...

Fig. 1. Figure illustrating the reference points o...

Fig. 1. Figure illustrating the reference points of the CBCT measurements. A: most posterior point of the sinus wall; B: most anterior point of the sinus wall; C: mid-point between A and B; C1: measurement of mucosal thickening perpendicular to A–B line at point C; D: mid-point between A and C; D1: measurement of mucosal thickening perpendicular to A–B line at point D; E: mid-point between B...

Table 2 Statistical results after inter-variable a...

  Gender Respiratory diseases Cardio-vascular diseases Diabetes mellitus Smoking Hist...

Table 1 CBCT measurements of sinus mucosal thicken...

Patient Anterior (E1-floor of the sinus) Middle (C1-floor of the sinus) Posterior (D1-floor of the sinus) ...

About this article : Dental implants and grafting ...

Maska, B., Lin, GH., Othman, A. et al. Dental implants and grafting success remain high despite large variations in maxillary sinus mucosal thickening. Int J Implant Dent 3, 1 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0064-8 Download citation Received: 18 October 2016 Accepted: 13 January 2017 Published: 18 January 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0064-8

Rights and permissions : Dental implants and graft...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Dental implants and grafting ...

You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to Yvonne Kapila.

Author information : Dental implants and grafting ...

Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Bartosz Maska, Guo-Hao Lin, Abdullah Othman, Shabnam Behdin, Suncica Travan, Erika Benavides & Yvonne Kapila Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, 1801 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, USA Guo-Hao Lin Department of Peri...

Acknowledgements : Dental implants and grafting su...

The authors thank Ms. Victoria Zakrzewski for her help with the figure generation and preparation. Co-primary author BM contributed to the CBCT measurement and preparation of the manuscript. Co-primary author G-HL contributed to the data analysis and preparation of the manuscript. Second author AO contributed to the protocol preparation, case review, case selection, and preparation of the manuscr...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Romanos GE, Froum S, Costa-Martins S, Meitner S, Tarnow DP. Implant periapical lesions: etiology and treatment options. J Oral Implantol. 2011;37:53–63. Acharya A, Hao J, Mattheos N, Chau A, Shirke P, Lang NP. Residual ridge dimensions at edentulous maxillary first molar sites and periodontal bone loss among two ethnic cohorts seeking tooth replacement. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014;25:1386–94...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Pazera P, Bornstein MM, Pazera A, Sendi P, Katsaros C. Incidental maxillary sinus findings in orthodontic patients: a radiographic analysis using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Orthod Craniofac Res. 2011;14:17–24. Ritter L, Lutz J, Neugebauer J, et al. Prevalence of pathologic findings in the maxillary sinus in cone-beam computerized tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Gardner DG. Pseudocysts and retention cysts of the maxillary sinus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984;58:561–7. Chiapasco M, Palombo D. Sinus grafting and simultaneous removal of large antral pseudocysts of the maxillary sinus with a micro-invasive intraoral access. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;44:1499–505. Cano J, Campo J, Alobera MA, Baca R. Surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla. Cl...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Beretta M, Poli PP, Grossi GB, Pieroni S, Maiorana C. Long-term survival rate of implants placed in conjunction with 246 sinus floor elevation procedures: results of a 15-year retrospective study. J Dent. 2015;43:78–86. Del Fabbro M, Corbella S, Weinstein T, Ceresoli V, Taschieri S. Implant survival rates after osteotome-mediated maxillary sinus augmentation: a systematic review. Clin Implant D...

Abbreviations : Dental implants and grafting succe...

Cone-beam computed tomographic Protected Health Information Sinus floor elevation

Conclusions : Dental implants and grafting success...

Our study found that the largest tissue thickening was present in the middle section of the maxillary sinus. This tissue thickening did not vary based on gender, age, or smoking status, nor did it relate to the underlying alveolar ridge height. However, patients with a history of periodontal diseases demonstrated a significant association with mucosal thickening. A mucosal thickening index was pro...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Although residual alveolar ridge height has been associated with sinus mucosal thickening [36], our study did not find a significant association between these two parameters. Acharya et al. [36] reported that lower available bone height in the subsinus region was related to thickened sinus membranes within an Asian-Indian and Hong Kong-based Chinese population. Differences in the ethnic compositio...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Based on the findings of the current study, a history of periodontal disease is the only identified parameter significantly associated with sinus mucosal thickening. This finding indicates that clinicians should expect some degree of mucosal thickening when performing sinus augmentation procedures in a previously periodontally involved site. This finding is consistent with several previously publi...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

CBCT imaging has been recognized as a more sensitive imaging modality for identifying sinus thickening and pathoses in the posterior maxilla compared to panoramic radiography [21, 22]. This could explain why the current study identified a higher prevalence of mucosal thickening compared to earlier studies [23]. However, compared to other similar CBCT studies [21, 24, 25], the prevalence reported i...

Results : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

Twenty-nine CBCT images (11 females and 18 males) were included in this study. All the implants placed in these included cases survived, representing a 100% implant survival rate. With regards to measurements of mucosal thickening, the intra-examiner reproducibility revealed an exact intra-examiner correlation of 99%, with a p value of 0.40 for a t test for independent samples, indicating a high r...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

The sites that were measured are specified in the image below (Fig. 1). The most posterior and anterior aspects of the visible maxillary sinus were measured. The ½ point along with the ¼ and ¾ points were then selected, and the measurements of the mucosal thickening were then completed at these three sites. The thickest portion of the mucosa was also measured if it did not coincide with one of...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

The study required access to University of Michigan Protected Health Information (PHI). PHI was necessary in order to track and coordinate the CBCT data and dental and medical history for each subject. Corresponding subject charts and electronic records were reviewed for retrieval of relevant implant placement and restorative history, medical history, and demographic information, including gender ...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

Our study hypothesis was that mucosal thickening of more than 2 mm and up to 1/3 of the volume of the sinus would not alter the predictability for SFE and dental implant placement. The primary outcome was to determine the success rate of dental implant placement in augmented maxillary sinus areas with mucosal thickening. A secondary outcome was to evaluate the effect of gender, age, and smoking o...

Background : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Despite the high survival rate of dental implants inserted in maxillary sinuses that have undergone sinus floor elevation (SFE) with bone grafting, complications still occur [1–3]. Sinus membrane perforation is reported to be the most common complication [4, 5]. Postoperative maxillary sinusitis is less common (0–22%) [6, 7]; nevertheless, it could potentially compromise the outcome of SFE and...

Abstract : Dental implants and grafting success re...

Although mucosal thickening is the most common radiographic finding observed regarding sinus pathology, the knowledge regarding its clinical significance on the outcomes of dental implants and grafting in the maxillary sinuses is still limited. We hypothesized that mucosal thickening would not alter the predictability for sinus floor augmentation and dental implant placement. The purpose of this r...

Fig. 12. Radiographic bone levels three years afte...

Fig. 12. Radiographic bone levels three years after placement. Bone levels remain unchanged during long-term follow-up Fig. 12. Radiographic bone levels three years after placement. Bone levels remain unchanged during long-term follow-up

Fig. 11. Implant restoration. Implants were restor...

Fig. 11. Implant restoration. Implants were restored by dental students supervised by prosthodontists at the Dental Center Fig. 11. Implant restoration. Implants were restored by dental students supervised by prosthodontists at the Dental Center

Fig. 10. Palatal approach lateral window sinus aug...

Fig. 10. Palatal approach lateral window sinus augmentation. This photographic series shows the surgical procedure that augmented bone and allowed implant placement at the no. 14 site. a Preoperative view prior to infiltration anesthesia. b Full-thickness midcrestal incision with palatal release and flap elevation. This was aided by a small bony ridge that separated the alveolar crest from the s...

Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of palatal approach sinu...

Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of palatal approach sinus augmentation. The diagram shows the location of the lateral window, avoiding the thick grafted bone on the buccal, and the greater palatal neurovascular bundle Fig. 9. Schematic diagram of palatal approach sinus augmentation. The diagram shows the location of the lateral window, avoiding the thick grafted bone on the buccal, and the greater ...

Fig. 8. Blood supply of the sinus. There are three...

Fig. 8. Blood supply of the sinus. There are three areas in the sinus where blood vessels may be encountered during sinus augmentation procedures for implants. On the inflection point between hard palate and alveolar ridge in the posterior maxilla, the greater palatine neurovascular bundle is located embedded in soft tissue. This inflection point is matched in the internal sinus anatomy and pres...

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of sinus balloon dilatin...

Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of sinus balloon dilating procedure. This diagram shows how the balloon is inserted into a small transcrestal osteotomy and then expanded with balloon Fig. 7. Schematic diagram of sinus balloon dilating procedure. This diagram shows how the balloon is inserted into a small transcrestal osteotomy and then expanded with balloon

Fig. 6. Right sinus balloon dilation procedure. Th...

Fig. 6. Right sinus balloon dilation procedure. This photographic series shows the surgical procedure that augmented bone and allowed implant placement at the no. 3 site. a Preoperative view after infiltration anesthesia. b Full-thickness midcrestal incision. c Osteotomy preparation with implant drills and osteotomes. d, e The dilating balloon, which is inflated using saline pressure from a syri...

Fig. 5. Left sinus about 12 months after first gr...

Fig. 5. Left sinus about 12 months after first grafting procedure. Cone beam CT imaging shows unusual sinus anatomy after grafting, with finger-like sinus extension at implant site, and thick-grafted bone buccal and apical to it. The infractured wall is still clearly visible, as well as the bovine bone particles used as radiographic marker Fig. 5. Left sinus about 12 months after first graf...

Fig. 4. Right sinus about 12 months after first g...

Fig. 4. Right sinus about 12 months after first grafting procedure. Cone beam CT imaging shows little suitable bone at implant site, but grafted bone displaced distal to site. Bone hydroxyapatite particles were added as radiographic marker to the graft material for the first sinus augmentation procedure and are still visible as radiopaque specks Fig. 4. Right sinus about 12 months after fir...

Fig. 3. Left sinus prior to first sinus grafting p...

Fig. 3. Left sinus prior to first sinus grafting procedure. Cone beam CT imaging also shows very little bone volume on left side for the no. 14 area Fig. 3. Left sinus prior to first sinus grafting procedure. Cone beam CT imaging also shows very little bone volume on left side for the no. 14 area

Fig. 2. Right sinus prior to first sinus grafting ...

Fig. 2. Right sinus prior to first sinus grafting procedure. Cone beam CT imaging shows very little residual bone volume at implant site for the no. 3 area Fig. 2. Right sinus prior to first sinus grafting procedure. Cone beam CT imaging shows very little residual bone volume at implant site for the no. 3 area

Fig. 1. Initial presentation. Panoramic radiograph...

Fig. 1. Initial presentation. Panoramic radiograph taken at initial visit shows severe bone loss, supraerupted molars and furcation involvement Fig. 1. Initial presentation. Panoramic radiograph taken at initial visit shows severe bone loss, supraerupted molars and furcation involvement

About this article : Case report on managing incom...

Boehm, T.K. Case report on managing incomplete bone formation after bilateral sinus augmentation using a palatal approach and a dilating balloon technique. Int J Implant Dent 3, 3 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0065-7 Download citation Received: 08 November 2016 Accepted: 13 January 2017 Published: 19 January 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0065-7

Rights and permissions : Case report on managing i...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Author information : Case report on managing incom...

Western University of Health Sciences College of Dental Medicine, 309 E Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA Tobias K. Boehm You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to Tobias K. Boehm.

Acknowledgements : Case report on managing incompl...

I would like to thank the former dental students Dr. Lily Hoang and Dr. Shirley Hsieh and their prosthodontic supervisors Dr. James Ywom, Dr. Steven Sanders, and Dr. Alessandro Urdaneta for providing this patient’s continued restorative and preventive care after the surgeries and the dental assistants of the Western University of Health Sciences Dental Center, Mrs. Cindy Morton and Mrs. Melody P...

References : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Penarrocha-Diago M, Galan-Gil S, Carrillo-Garcia C, Penarrocha-Diago D, Penarrocha-Diago M. Transcrestal sinus lift and implant placement using the sinus balloon technique. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012;17(1):e122–8. Kfir E, Goldstein M, Abramovitz I, Kfir V, Mazor Z, Kaluski E. The effects of sinus membrane pathology on bone augmentation and procedural outcome using minimal invasive antr...

References : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Hernandez-Alfaro F, Torradeflot MM, Marti C. Prevalence and management of Schneiderian membrane perforations during sinus-lift procedures. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19(1):91–8. Wallace SS, Mazor Z, Froum SJ, Cho SC, Tarnow DP. Schneiderian membrane perforation rate during sinus elevation using piezosurgery: clinical results of 100 consecutive cases. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2007;...

Conclusions : Case report on managing incomplete b...

We conclude that incomplete bone formation after sinus augmentation can be managed successfully through a variety of re-entry procedures and that successful long-term implant placement and restoration is possible in a compliant patient of good overall health.

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

Healing was uneventful with little discomfort reported by the patient during the first week, and implant uncovery revealed an implant firmly embedded in bone after 12 months. A third implant was placed at the no. 30 site and supraerupted no. 18 extracted as planned. Restoration of the implants was uneventfully performed by senior dental students supervised by various prosthodontists (Fig. 11). P...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

For the left side, we decided to access the sinus using a lateral window as the area of deficient bone was much larger in size and more complex in shape. We also decided to approach this area from the palate, as the defect was closer to the palate and required much less bone removal as a buccal approach. Most importantly, we were already familiar with the anatomical structures on the lower medial ...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

A year later, we requested cone beam computed tomography for both posterior maxilla sites, and we found incomplete bone growth in the sinus. On the right side, bone growth had occurred only distal to the desired implant site, and there was an ovoid extension of sinus into the area planned for implant placement (Fig. 4). On the left side, a finger-like extension of sinus had developed between graf...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

Lateral window sinus augmentation was performed on each side during appointments spaced 3 months apart, following the technique developed by Tatum in 1974. For each site, a midcrestal mucoperiosteal incision with buccal releases was created, and the lateral Schneiderian membrane of the maxillary sinus exposed through an ovoid window osteotomy of about 15 mm diameter. Osteotomy was performed usin...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

A 65-year-old retired Caucasian male presented to the Western University of Health Sciences Dental Center expressing an interest in implants after consulting with a private practice periodontist and a dentist from a large implant dentistry practice. He had no medical conditions or known allergies, but reported a 40-pack-year history of using tobacco and quit just before attending the Dental Center...

Background : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Membrane tears are a significant concern as they may result in postoperative complications such as an oroantral communication as reported recently. In this case, the communication was managed by inserting a fibrin sponge, but it resulted in a cyst-like concavity within grafted bone, which was subsequently managed by re-entry and grafting of the affected site prior to implant placement [14]. As see...

Background : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Patients with severe periodontal disease often display severely resorbed ridges in the posterior maxilla. Implant therapy can be a challenge for those patients as available bone height is limited by the maxillary sinus. Although sinus augmentation using subantral or lateral window approaches are routinely used, complications occur that may limit bone augmentation in the sinus after any given proce...

Abstract : Case report on managing incomplete bone...

Patients with resorbed edentulous alveolar ridges in the posterior maxilla often require lateral window sinus augmentation procedures prior to implant placement. Lateral window sinus augmentation procedures can produce incomplete bone augmentation as consequence of surgical and healing complications producing unusual and complex sinus anatomy. Although incomplete bone formation after sinus augment...

Fig. 12. Facial photograph views at 22-month follo...

Fig. 12. Facial photograph views at 22-month follow-up Fig. 12. Facial photograph views at 22-month follow-up

Fig. 11. Facial radiograph at 22-month follow-up :...

Fig. 11. Facial radiograph at 22-month follow-up Fig. 11. Facial radiograph at 22-month follow-up

Fig. 10. Full facial view of definitive implant-re...

Fig. 10. Full facial view of definitive implant-retained obturator at initial fitting (April 2014) Fig. 10. Full facial view of definitive implant-retained obturator at initial fitting (April 2014)

Fig. 9. Palatal view of definitive implant-retaine...

Fig. 9. Palatal view of definitive implant-retained obturator at initial fitting (April 2014) Fig. 9. Palatal view of definitive implant-retained obturator at initial fitting (April 2014)

Fig. 8. Anterior view of definitive obturator pros...

Fig. 8. Anterior view of definitive obturator prosthesis in occlusion Fig. 8. Anterior view of definitive obturator prosthesis in occlusion

Fig. 7. Smile view of definitive implant-retained ...

Fig. 7. Smile view of definitive implant-retained obturator at initial fitting (April 2014) Fig. 7. Smile view of definitive implant-retained obturator at initial fitting (April 2014)

Fig. 6. Intaglio surface of definitive acrylic obt...

Fig. 6. Intaglio surface of definitive acrylic obturator with bar attachments in place. Note the absence of any other retaining clasps and the simple nature of this prosthesis Fig. 6. Intaglio surface of definitive acrylic obturator with bar attachments in place. Note the absence of any other retaining clasps and the simple nature of this prosthesis

Fig. 5. Zygomatic implant bar utilising Rhein atta...

Fig. 5. Zygomatic implant bar utilising Rhein attachments for retention Fig. 5. Zygomatic implant bar utilising Rhein attachments for retention

Fig. 4. Twelve-week review post-surgery prior to d...

Fig. 4. Twelve-week review post-surgery prior to definitive impressions for the implant-supported prosthesis Fig. 4. Twelve-week review post-surgery prior to definitive impressions for the implant-supported prosthesis

Fig. 3. Low-level right-sided maxillectomy with th...

Fig. 3. Low-level right-sided maxillectomy with the insertion of two zygomatic oncology implants at time of surgery Fig. 3. Low-level right-sided maxillectomy with the insertion of two zygomatic oncology implants at time of surgery

Fig. 2. Palatal swelling (post-biopsy) between upp...

Fig. 2. Palatal swelling (post-biopsy) between upper right first and second premolar teeth Fig. 2. Palatal swelling (post-biopsy) between upper right first and second premolar teeth

Fig. 1. Zygomatic oncology implant with cleansable...

Fig. 1. Zygomatic oncology implant with cleansable polished surface for intra-oral component Fig. 1. Zygomatic oncology implant with cleansable polished surface for intra-oral component

About this article : A novel report on the use of ...

Dattani, A., Richardson, D. & Butterworth, C.J. A novel report on the use of an oncology zygomatic implant-retained maxillary obturator in a paediatric patient. Int J Implant Dent 3, 9 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0073-7 Download citation Received: 24 November 2016 Accepted: 26 February 2017 Published: 28 March 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0073-7

Rights and permissions : A novel report on the use...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Author information : A novel report on the use of ...

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Maxillofacial Unit, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK Amit Dattani Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Craniofacial Unit, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK David Richardson Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Regional Maxillofacial Unit, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK Chris J. Butterworth You can also sea...

References : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

Brown JS, Shaw RJ. Reconstruction of the maxilla and midface: introducing a new classification. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11(10):1001–8. Breeze J, Rennie A, Morrison A, Dawson D, Tipper J, Rehman K, et al. Health-related quality of life after maxillectomy: obturator rehabilitation compared with flap reconstruction. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;54(8):857–62. Kim SM, Park MW, Cho YA, Myoung H, Lee...

Conclusions : A novel report on the use of an onco...

The use of zygomatic implants to supplement the stability and retention of the maxillary obturator in this case has improved the function of the prosthesis and provided for a very high-quality rehabilitation for the patient reported with no evidence of disruption to facial growth in the 22 months following surgery.

Discussion : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The use of modified zygomatic implants (Fig. 1) allows improved hygiene by the patient of the implants within the maxillary defect. The threaded portion of the implants is fully engaged into the bone with only the smooth portion protruding into the defect. Clearly this ongoing hygiene by the patient is of utmost importance in preventing peri-implant soft and hard tissue changes, but the implant d...

Discussion : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The difficulty of restoration with a maxillary obturator prosthesis depends on the extent of the surgical resection, with the acceptance that resections with an increasing horizontal component provide a much greater prosthodontic challenge. The number of remaining teeth is a key component in conventional obturator design [9] with the remaining dentition being used exclusively to retain the prosthe...

Discussion : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The paediatric population rarely suffer malignant disease of the oral cavity requiring any form of maxillectomy, and there is little published evidence around the rehabilitation and restorative management of children undergoing such procedures. The seemingly most common approach for a limited low-level maxillary resection in a child would be to consider resection and simple prosthetic obturation a...

Case presentation : A novel report on the use of a...

Four weeks later, the patient was returned to the operating room for removal and modification of the obturator. The cavity was healing well, and both implants were firm with no evidence of infection. The initial obturator was modified with the application of a soft lining material and the patient subsequently discharged with instructions on the insertion and removal of the obturator. At the 12-we...

Case presentation : A novel report on the use of a...

A medically fit and well 13-year 11-month-old male was referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department at Alder Hey Children’s Hospital in Liverpool in regard to an intra-oral swelling of the right palatal region (Fig. 2). An incisional biopsy was initially reported as a pleomorphic adenoma of the premolar region. Subsequently, a CT scan showed no significant bony abnormality, and a w...

Background : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The characteristics of a good obturator will improve swallowing, speech function, minimise nasal fluid leakage from the antrum and nasal spaces, restore facial aesthetics including the teeth and facilitate masticatory function and speech. A surgical obturator can be provided at the time of surgery to facilitate function and haemostasis in the immediate post-operative period, and this can subsequen...

Background : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

Maxillary defects of acquired [1] or congenital origin produce a communication between the oral and nasal cavities sometimes via an opening into the maxillary antrum and by direct communication into the nose. This in turn can result in masticatory compromise, swallowing and speech impairment, nasal fluid regurgitation and aesthetic concerns. The management of the maxillectomy patient is a complex ...

Abstract : A novel report on the use of an oncolog...

This report details the use of zygomatic oncology osseointegrated implants to support and retain a maxillary obturator in a 13-year-old male patient who underwent a right-sided hemi-maxillectomy (Brown Class 2b) (Brown and Shaw, Lancet Oncol 11:1001–8, 2010) for a myxoid spindle cell carcinoma. At the time of maxillary resection, two zygomatic oncology implants were inserted into the right zygom...

Fig. 5. Total score for physical and psychological...

Fig. 5. Total score for physical and psychological disabilities before (gray) and after (hatched) sinus augmentation according to indications Fig. 5. Total score for physical and psychological disabilities before (gray) and after (hatched) sinus augmentation according to indications

Fig. 4. Total score for functional limitations bef...

Fig. 4. Total score for functional limitations before (gray) and after (hatched) sinus augmentation according to indications Fig. 4. Total score for functional limitations before (gray) and after (hatched) sinus augmentation according to indications

Fig. 3. Total score for complaints due to surgical...

Fig. 3. Total score for complaints due to surgical procedure pre-operative, post-operative, and recently Fig. 3. Total score for complaints due to surgical procedure pre-operative, post-operative, and recently

Fig. 2. Cumulative survival rate according to Kapl...

Fig. 2. Cumulative survival rate according to Kaplan–Meier and sinus augmentation procedure Fig. 2. Cumulative survival rate according to Kaplan–Meier and sinus augmentation procedure

Fig. 1. Flow chart of patients included in the stu...

Fig. 1. Flow chart of patients included in the study Fig. 1. Flow chart of patients included in the study

Table 3 Mean value and standard deviation for the ...

Item Mean ± SD pre-operative Mean ± SD post-operative Mean ± SD in the last time Have you felt pain in your mouth? ...

Table 2 Mean value and standard deviation for the ...

Item Mean ± SD before sinus lift Mean ± SD after sinus lift p value Have you felt tense because of problems with your teeth, mouth or dentures? ...

Table 1 Mean value and standard deviation for the ...

Item Mean ± SD before sinus lift Mean ± SD after sinus lift p value Have you had difficulty chewing any foods? ...

About this article : Impact of maxillary sinus aug...

Schiegnitz, E., Kämmerer, P.W., Sagheb, K. et al. Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation on oral health-related quality of life. Int J Implant Dent 3, 10 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0072-8 Download citation Received: 20 November 2016 Accepted: 12 March 2017 Published: 28 March 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0072-8

Rights and permissions : Impact of maxillary sinus...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Author information : Impact of maxillary sinus aug...

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany E. Schiegnitz, K. Sagheb, A. Pabst, B. Al-Nawas & M. O. Klein Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany P. W. Kämmerer Department of Prosthodontics, University of ...

References : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

Stellingsma K, Bouma J, Stegenga B, Meijer HJ, Raghoebar GM. Satisfaction and psychosocial aspects of patients with an extremely resorbed mandible treated with implant-retained overdentures. A prospective, comparative study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2003;14(2):166–72. Heydecke G, Locker D, Awad MA, Lund JP, Feine JS. Oral and general health-related quality of life with conventional and implant d...

References : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

Locker D. Self-esteem and socioeconomic disparities in self-perceived oral health. J Public Health Dent. 2009 Winter;69(1):1-8. Allen PF, McMillan AS, Walshaw D. A patient-based assessment of implant-stabilized and conventional complete dentures. J Prosthet Dent. 2001;85(2):141–7. Ohrn K, Jonsson B. A comparison of two questionnaires measuring oral health-related quality of life before and aft...

References : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

Al-Nawas B, Schiegnitz E. Augmentation procedures using bone substitute materials or autogenous bone—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2014 Summer;7 Suppl 2:S219-34. Derks J, Hakansson J, Wennstrom JL, Tomasi C, Larsson M, Berglundh T. Effectiveness of implant therapy analyzed in a Swedish population: early and late implant loss. J Dent Res. 2015;94(3 Suppl):44S–51S...

Conclusions : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentati...

Within the limitations of this study, the results demonstrated a high long-term survival for sinus augmentation procedures and significant improvement of OHRQoL after this procedure. Therefore, sinus augmentation procedures are highly valuable treatment options in implant dentistry.

Discussion : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

In order to measure OHRQoL in the present study, a specific and shortened questionnaire based on the validated and reliable OHIP score was developed to consider representative impairments of maxillary sinus augmentation like sinusitis and to relieve the clinical application. In a cross sectional study, Allen et McMillan proofed that a shortened OHIP-14 version showed a similar ability to assess OH...

Discussion : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

The clinical and radiological outcomes of sinus augmentation procedures have been published in several studies [1, 3, 6, 7]. However, little data on the physical and psychological impact of this procedure on the patient is available yet. The present study evaluated pre-operative and post-treatment OHRQoL self-assessment scores of patients treated with dental implants after sinus augmentation proce...

Results : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation o...

Concerning functional limitations, all posed questions showed significant better values for OHRQoL after sinus augmentation procedure than before the treatment (p 

Results : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation o...

After an average time in situ of 41.2 ± 27 months (3.4 years; range 0–96 months), 40 of the 863 implants were lost. These results indicated an in situ rate of 95.4%. One-year and five-year survival rate according to Kaplan–Meier were 95.4 and 94.4%. In patients receiving an external sinus lift an in situ rate of 95.1% and in patients with an internal sinus lift an in situ rate of 96.4%...

Methods : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation o...

The Kaplan–Meier survival function was applied for the description of survival rates. To examine the statistical difference between survival rates, a log-rank test was used. Implant-related data were calculated. For statistical comparison of the paired questions and the total scores, a Wilcoxon test was applied. The intention of this study was descriptive, exploratory without a primary hypothesi...

Methods : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation o...

This retrospective study addresses the oral health-related quality of life after maxillary sinus augmentation. Therefore, all patients that received an implantation after maxillary sinus augmentation in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Medical Centre Mainz, Germany, between July 2002 and December 2007 were included in this study. There were no specific exclusion c...

Background : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

In conclusion, little information is available about patient’s perception of sinus augmentation procedures. The aim of the present study was to assess whether sinus augmentation procedures together with implant placement and prosthetic rehabilitation improve quality of life in dental patients using a modified German OHIP and to examine the survival rates after this procedure.

Background : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

Rehabilitation of completely and partial edentulous patients with dental implants has proved to be a safe and predictable procedure [1–3]. However, reduced bone height and the proximity of the maxillary sinus are challenging limitations for dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla [3]. Besides the use of short and tilted implants [4], one of the most frequently used surgical techniques ...

Abstract : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation ...

The aim of this study was to measure the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) after maxillary sinus augmentation to determine the physical and psychological impact of this procedure for the patient. Three hundred sixteen patients treated with an external or internal maxillary sinus augmentation and a total of 863 implants in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Johannes Guten...

Fig. 2. a Panoramic radiography with area of inter...

Fig. 2. a Panoramic radiography with area of interest (maxillary sinus) and b, c examples of corresponding images in cone beam computed tomography Fig. 2. a Panoramic radiography with area of interest (maxillary sinus) and b, c examples of corresponding images in cone beam computed tomography

Fig. 1. a Panoramic radiography with area of inter...

Fig. 1. Fig. 1. a Panoramic radiography with area of interest (maxillary sinus) and b, c examples of corresponding images in cone beam computed tomography

Table 5 Results of the question “Is there an add...

Question General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value* ...

Table 4 Description of incidental findings in PAN ...

Additional incidental findings in panoramic radiography Relative incidence (%) in relation to total number of therapy affecting findings Retained third molar/follicular cyst 22 ...

Table 3 Number of additional incidental findings i...

Number of cases General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value*   ...

Table 2 Results of the question “An additional s...

Question General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value* ...

Table 1 Results of the question “Based on PAN, t...

Question General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value* ...

About this article : Evaluation of symptomatic max...

Dau, M., Marciak, P., Al-Nawas, B. et al. Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography—influence of professional training. Int J Implant Dent 3, 13 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0075-5 Download citation Received: 10 December 2016 Accepted: 12 March 2017 Published: 05 April 2017 DOI: http...

Rights and permissions : Evaluation of symptomatic...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Author information : Evaluation of symptomatic max...

Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany Michael Dau, Bernhard Frerich & Peer Wolfgang Kämmerer Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany Paul Marciak & Bial Al-Nawas Private Dental Praxis Dr. Rossa, Ludwigshafen, Germany Henning Staedt Depa...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Quintero JC, et al. Craniofacial imaging in orthodontics: historical perspective, current status, and future developments. Angle Orthod. 1999;69(6):491–506. Tadinada A, et al. Radiographic evaluation of the maxillary sinus prior to dental implant therapy: a comparison between two-dimensional and three-dimensional radiographic imaging. Imaging Sci Dent. 2015;45(3):169–74. Ritter L, et al. Pre...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Rivis M, Valeanu AN. Giant maxillary cyst with intrasinusal evolution. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2013;54(3 Suppl):889–92. Yilmaz SY, Misirlioglu M, Adisen MZ. A diagnosis of maxillary sinus fracture with cone-beam CT: case report and literature review. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2014;7(2):85–91. Lana JP, et al. Anatomic variations and lesions of the maxillary sinus detected in cone beam ...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Gang TI, et al. The effect of radiographic imaging modalities and the observer’s experience on postoperative maxillary cyst assessment. Imaging Sci Dent. 2014;44(4):301–5. Batra PS, et al. Computed tomography imaging practice patterns in adult chronic rhinosinusitis: survey of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and American Rhinologic Society Membership. Int Forum Al...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Dragan E, et al. Maxillary sinus anatomic and pathologic CT findings in edentulous patients scheduled for sinus augmentation. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2014;118(4):1114–21. Raghav M, et al. Prevalence of incidental maxillary sinus pathologies in dental patients on cone-beam computed tomographic images. Contemp Clin Dent. 2014;5(3):361–5. Lyros I, et al. An incidental finding on a diagno...

Conclusions : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary ...

Depending on the observers’ clinical and radiological experience, PAN alone may not be sufficient for evaluation of pathologies of the maxillary sinus. On the contrary, significant benefits of sFOV-CBCT for diagnosing symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies were reported. Having sFOV-CBCT seems to have added additional information and confidence in comparison to PAN alone. Nonetheless, also with...

Discussion : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

The influence of clinical experience of evaluation of PAN [34] as well as the clinical experience and routine analysis of 3D radiographs (as assumed for maxillofacial surgeons when compared to those for general practitioners) strongly influence the diagnostic value of additional three-dimensional imaging. The number of incidental findings in CBCT in addition to those seen in PAN was not of major d...

Discussion : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

In dentistry, PAN is a widely available, useful, and important diagnostic tool for diagnosis and general preoperative planning [32] with less radiation exposure then CBCT [21]. While most dentists have used it routinely successful for years and gained significant experience in doing so [33], there are certain limitations in dependence of the region to be examined [10]. The high number of “not vi...

Results : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinu...

This study focused on three different aspects in our analysis—PAN, PAN and CBCT, as well as the influence of the different clinical and radiological experience (examples in Figs. 1 and 2). Panoramic radiography (PAN) When assessing PAN, the ratings were significantly lower at “good visible and can be evaluated” (9.9%) compared to “visible but cannot be evaluated” (39.5%; p 

Methods : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinu...

The first question for PAN addressed the imaging quality in the clinical relevant area of interest (clinical data were given). Three answers were possible: 1 = good visibility and can be evaluated, 2 = visible but cannot be evaluated, and 3 = not visible. The second question asked for an additional need for CBCT scans. Three answers were possible: 1 = required, 2 = reasonable, and 3 = not required...

Methods : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinu...

In an experimental diagnostic comparison, radiographic images of 15 female and 13 male patients were assessed. Patients’ radiographs were selected from the Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery of the University Medical Centre of Mainz and Rostock, Germany. All patients have had referrals to the hospitals with symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies and received PAN (Ortho...

Background : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

In order to justify CBCT use for clinical examination and diagnosis of the maxillary sinus, the aim of this study was to compare the subjective quality rating of PAN and PAN together with a small field of view (sFOV) CBCT to evaluate symptomatic maxillary sinus by clinicians with different training and clinical experience.

Background : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Non-symptomatic abnormalities of the maxillary sinus such as mucosal thickening, retention cysts, and opacification are reported to occur in up to 74% of all cases [1–6]. For diagnosis of symptomatic pathologies of the maxillary sinus like retention cysts, polyps, and tumors, panoramic radiographies (PAN) are commonly used and widely available. In PAN, not every area of interest is accurately de...

Abstract : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sin...

A comparison of panoramic radiography (PAN) alone and PAN together with small field of view cone beam computed tomography (sFOV-CBCT) for diagnosis of symptomatic pathologies of the maxillary sinus was carried out by clinicians of different experience. Corresponding radiographic images (PAN/sFOV-CBCT) of 28 patients with symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies were chosen and analyzed by two gene...

Fig. 6. Histomorphometric evaluation results (cons...

Fig. 6. Histomorphometric evaluation results (considering six sections for each biopsy), for newly formed bone, soft tissues, and others Fig. 6. Histomorphometric evaluation results (considering six sections for each biopsy), for newly formed bone, soft tissues, and others

Fig. 5. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC ...

Fig. 5. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC + EMD group, showing an aspect of newly formed bone. Section stained with picrosirius-hematoxylin and digitalized with bright-field (d) and linearly polarized light (e and f). e, f Results of near 45° section rotation (between axes B–B’ and C–C’) to compensate some of the orientation-related effects associated with linearly polarized l...

Fig. 4. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC gr...

Fig. 4. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC group, showing an aspect of newly formed bone. Section stained with picrosirius-hematoxylin and digitalized with bright-field (a) and linearly polarized light (b and c). b, c Results of near 45° section rotation (between axes B–B’ and C–C’) to compensate some of the orientation-related effects associated with linearly polarized light. In a...

Fig. 3. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC ...

Fig. 3. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC + EMD group. Overview—×25 magnification; b ×30 magnification; c ×60 magnification. Areas corresponding to BC + EMD removed during histological processing (square) surrounded by newly formed bone (asterisk), with large numbers of osteocytes and soft tissue (arrow) can be observed. There is direct contact between the BC reminiscent, soft...

Fig. 2. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC gr...

Fig. 2. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC group. a Overview—×25 magnification; b ×30 magnification; c ×60 magnification. Areas corresponding to BC removed during histological processing (square) in direct contact with newly formed bone (asterisk), containing a large number of osteocytes, and with soft tissue (arrow) can be observed (hematoxylin-eosin stain) Fig. 2. Histomicrograph ...

Fig. 1. Histomicrograph illustrating the various t...

Fig. 1. Histomicrograph illustrating the various tissue areas measured on the sections: newly formed bone (green mask), soft tissues (purple mask), and “others”, including residual bone substitute particles and empty spaces either due to removal of the bone substitute particles during to the decalcification processing or due to artifacts (white mask) Fig. 1. Histomicrograph illustrating t...

About this article : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

Nery, J.C., Pereira, L.A.V.D., Guimarães, G.F. et al. β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix proteins for maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a histomorphometric analysis of human biopsies. Int J Implant Dent 3, 18 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0080-8 Download citation Received: 08 December 2016 Accepted: 22 April 2017 Published: 04 May 2017 DOI: https://do...

Rights and permissions : β-TCP/HA with or without...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to James Carlos Nery.

Author information : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

Department of Implantology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Center, Brasília, DF, Brazil James Carlos Nery, George Furtado Guimarães & Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, UNICAMP – State University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Luís Antônio Violin Dias Pereira Department of Periodontology, UNESP – Univ. Estad...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Wikesjo UM, Sorensen RG, Kinoshita A, Wozney JM. RhBMP-2/alphaBSM induces significant vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and dental implant osseointegration. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2002;4:174–82. Carinci F, Brunelli G, Franco M, Viscioni A, Rigo L, Guidi R, et al. A retrospective study on 287 implants installed in resorbed maxillae grafted with fresh frozen allogenous bone. Clin Implant...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Miron RJ, Sculean A, Cochran DL, Froum S, Zucchelli G, Nemcovsky C, et al. Twenty years of enamel matrix derivative: the past, the present and the future. J Clin Periodontol. 2016;43:668–83. Sculean A, Nikolidakis D, Nikou G, Ivanovic A, Chapple IL, Stavropoulos A. Biomaterials for promoting periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects: a systematic review. Periodontol 2000. 2015;68:182...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Esposito M, Felice P, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;17:CD008397. Jungner M, Cricchio G, Salata LA, Sennerby L, Lundqvist C, Hultcrantz M, et al. On the early mechanisms of bone formation after maxillary sinus membrane elevation: an experimental histological and immunohistochemical study. ...

Conclusions : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel mat...

The present study showed that maxillary sinus floor augmentation with BC resulted in adequate amounts of new bone formation allowing successful implant installation, while adding EMD did not have a significant effect.

Discussion : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Nevertheless, the amount of bone generated with BC or BC + EMD herein was adequate to support successful implant placement and osseointegration of implants. In fact, more or less similar amounts of bone formation have been reported in studies evaluating human sinus biopsies after grafting with a variety of biomaterials (bone formation ranging approximately from 30 to 50%) [19]. On the other ha...

Discussion : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

The present study compared the histological and histomorphometrical outcome of healing after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with BC with or without EMD, based on human biopsies. The results showed that addition of EMD did not enhance the outcome of healing, neither in terms of quality nor quantity of new bone. Nevertheless, the amount of bone generated after maxillary sinus floor augmentation ...

Results : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

All ten patients showed uneventful healing after the sinus floor augmentation procedure as well as after dental implant placement, with no overt postoperative inflammation or infection. Consistently, in all ten patients, no significant jiggling of the drill was noticed during biopsy harvesting, while subjective drilling resistance during implant placement was similar in both groups and all implant...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

The data for each tissue component from the three histological sections were averaged to represent the biopsy. Commercially available software (GraphPad Prism 5.0 for Windows, GraphPad Software Inc., USA) was utilized for statistical comparisons between groups and for drawing the graphics. The assumption of normality was checked using D’Agostino & Pearson omnibus test. The data for each evaluate...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

Six months after grafting, another CBCT examination was carried out for implant planning. In the sequence, following the previously described antiseptic and anesthetic procedures, two implants with a sand-blasted and acid etching surface were installed in each of the grafted sinuses, i.e., 40 implants in total (32—Neoporous, Neodent, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; 8—SLA, Straumann, Basel, Switzerl...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

This research project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Dentistry and Dental Research Center São Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil, under the protocol 2010/0360. Ten consecutive patients (age range 35–75 years) with the need of bilateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation prior to the placement of four dental implants (two in each side of posterior maxilla) were selected for the stu...

Background : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

The aim of the present study was to compare histomorphometrically the outcome of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix proteins (BC + EMD and EMD, respectively) in humans.

Background : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Reconstruction of the edentulous and severely atrophied posterior maxilla is often performed by means of maxillary sinus floor augmentation in combination with dental implants [1, 2]. Various bone graft materials are typically used for enhancing bone formation within the sinus cavity; autogenous bone (AB) is considered as the gold standard due to its osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive...

Abstract : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix...

It is still unclear whether enamel matrix proteins (EMD) as adjunct to bone grafting enhance bone healing. This study compared histomorphometrically maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) with β-TCP/HA in combination with or without EMD in humans. In ten systemically healthy patients needing bilateral MSFA, one side was randomly treated using β-TCP/HA mixed with EMD (BC + EMD) and the ot...

Fig. 6. Histomorphometric evaluation results (cons...

Fig. 6. Histomorphometric evaluation results (considering six sections for each biopsy), for newly formed bone, soft tissues, and others Fig. 6. Histomorphometric evaluation results (considering six sections for each biopsy), for newly formed bone, soft tissues, and others

Fig. 5. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC ...

Fig. 5. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC + EMD group, showing an aspect of newly formed bone. Section stained with picrosirius-hematoxylin and digitalized with bright-field (d) and linearly polarized light (e and f). e, f Results of near 45° section rotation (between axes B–B’ and C–C’) to compensate some of the orientation-related effects associated with linearly polarized l...

Fig. 4. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC gr...

Fig. 4. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC group, showing an aspect of newly formed bone. Section stained with picrosirius-hematoxylin and digitalized with bright-field (a) and linearly polarized light (b and c). b, c Results of near 45° section rotation (between axes B–B’ and C–C’) to compensate some of the orientation-related effects associated with linearly polarized light. In a...

Fig. 3. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC ...

Fig. 3. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC + EMD group. Overview—×25 magnification; b ×30 magnification; c ×60 magnification. Areas corresponding to BC + EMD removed during histological processing (square) surrounded by newly formed bone (asterisk), with large numbers of osteocytes and soft tissue (arrow) can be observed. There is direct contact between the BC reminiscent, soft...

Fig. 2. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC gr...

Fig. 2. Histomicrograph of a biopsy from the BC group. a Overview—×25 magnification; b ×30 magnification; c ×60 magnification. Areas corresponding to BC removed during histological processing (square) in direct contact with newly formed bone (asterisk), containing a large number of osteocytes, and with soft tissue (arrow) can be observed (hematoxylin-eosin stain) Fig. 2. Histomicrograph ...

Fig. 1. Histomicrograph illustrating the various t...

Fig. 1. Histomicrograph illustrating the various tissue areas measured on the sections: newly formed bone (green mask), soft tissues (purple mask), and “others”, including residual bone substitute particles and empty spaces either due to removal of the bone substitute particles during to the decalcification processing or due to artifacts (white mask) Fig. 1. Histomicrograph illustrating t...

About this article : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

Nery, J.C., Pereira, L.A.V.D., Guimarães, G.F. et al. β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix proteins for maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a histomorphometric analysis of human biopsies. Int J Implant Dent 3, 18 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0080-8 Download citation Received: 08 December 2016 Accepted: 22 April 2017 Published: 04 May 2017 DOI: https://do...

Rights and permissions : β-TCP/HA with or without...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to James Carlos Nery.

Author information : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

Department of Implantology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Center, Brasília, DF, Brazil James Carlos Nery, George Furtado Guimarães & Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, UNICAMP – State University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Luís Antônio Violin Dias Pereira Department of Periodontology, UNESP – Univ. Estad...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Wikesjo UM, Sorensen RG, Kinoshita A, Wozney JM. RhBMP-2/alphaBSM induces significant vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and dental implant osseointegration. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2002;4:174–82. Carinci F, Brunelli G, Franco M, Viscioni A, Rigo L, Guidi R, et al. A retrospective study on 287 implants installed in resorbed maxillae grafted with fresh frozen allogenous bone. Clin Implant...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Miron RJ, Sculean A, Cochran DL, Froum S, Zucchelli G, Nemcovsky C, et al. Twenty years of enamel matrix derivative: the past, the present and the future. J Clin Periodontol. 2016;43:668–83. Sculean A, Nikolidakis D, Nikou G, Ivanovic A, Chapple IL, Stavropoulos A. Biomaterials for promoting periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects: a systematic review. Periodontol 2000. 2015;68:182...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Esposito M, Felice P, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;17:CD008397. Jungner M, Cricchio G, Salata LA, Sennerby L, Lundqvist C, Hultcrantz M, et al. On the early mechanisms of bone formation after maxillary sinus membrane elevation: an experimental histological and immunohistochemical study. ...

Conclusions : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel mat...

The present study showed that maxillary sinus floor augmentation with BC resulted in adequate amounts of new bone formation allowing successful implant installation, while adding EMD did not have a significant effect.

Discussion : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Nevertheless, the amount of bone generated with BC or BC + EMD herein was adequate to support successful implant placement and osseointegration of implants. In fact, more or less similar amounts of bone formation have been reported in studies evaluating human sinus biopsies after grafting with a variety of biomaterials (bone formation ranging approximately from 30 to 50%) [19]. On the other ha...

Discussion : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

The present study compared the histological and histomorphometrical outcome of healing after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with BC with or without EMD, based on human biopsies. The results showed that addition of EMD did not enhance the outcome of healing, neither in terms of quality nor quantity of new bone. Nevertheless, the amount of bone generated after maxillary sinus floor augmentation ...

Results : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

All ten patients showed uneventful healing after the sinus floor augmentation procedure as well as after dental implant placement, with no overt postoperative inflammation or infection. Consistently, in all ten patients, no significant jiggling of the drill was noticed during biopsy harvesting, while subjective drilling resistance during implant placement was similar in both groups and all implant...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

The data for each tissue component from the three histological sections were averaged to represent the biopsy. Commercially available software (GraphPad Prism 5.0 for Windows, GraphPad Software Inc., USA) was utilized for statistical comparisons between groups and for drawing the graphics. The assumption of normality was checked using D’Agostino & Pearson omnibus test. The data for each evaluate...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

Six months after grafting, another CBCT examination was carried out for implant planning. In the sequence, following the previously described antiseptic and anesthetic procedures, two implants with a sand-blasted and acid etching surface were installed in each of the grafted sinuses, i.e., 40 implants in total (32—Neoporous, Neodent, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; 8—SLA, Straumann, Basel, Switzerl...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

This research project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Dentistry and Dental Research Center São Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil, under the protocol 2010/0360. Ten consecutive patients (age range 35–75 years) with the need of bilateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation prior to the placement of four dental implants (two in each side of posterior maxilla) were selected for the stu...

Background : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

The aim of the present study was to compare histomorphometrically the outcome of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix proteins (BC + EMD and EMD, respectively) in humans.

Background : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Reconstruction of the edentulous and severely atrophied posterior maxilla is often performed by means of maxillary sinus floor augmentation in combination with dental implants [1, 2]. Various bone graft materials are typically used for enhancing bone formation within the sinus cavity; autogenous bone (AB) is considered as the gold standard due to its osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive...

Abstract : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix...

It is still unclear whether enamel matrix proteins (EMD) as adjunct to bone grafting enhance bone healing. This study compared histomorphometrically maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) with β-TCP/HA in combination with or without EMD in humans. In ten systemically healthy patients needing bilateral MSFA, one side was randomly treated using β-TCP/HA mixed with EMD (BC + EMD) and the ot...

Fig. 7. Vestibular view of the final restoration :...

Fig. 7. Vestibular view of the final restoration Fig. 7. Vestibular view of the final restoration

Fig. 6. Occlusal view of the final restoration. In...

Fig. 6. Occlusal view of the final restoration. In this case, with the longest cantilever extension on a final restoration within this collective Fig. 6. Occlusal view of the final restoration. In this case, with the longest cantilever extension on a final restoration within this collective

Fig. 5. One-year post-surgery panoramic radiograph...

Fig. 5. One-year post-surgery panoramic radiograph with final restoration Fig. 5. One-year post-surgery panoramic radiograph with final restoration

Fig. 4. Occlusal view of implant-abutments 3 mont...

Fig. 4. Occlusal view of implant-abutments 3 months post-surgery at the first removal of the temporary restoration Fig. 4. Occlusal view of implant-abutments 3 months post-surgery at the first removal of the temporary restoration

Fig. 3. Fill-in of the occlusal perforations with ...

Fig. 3. Fill-in of the occlusal perforations with self-curing resin to connect the prostheses to the temporary titanium cylinders Fig. 3. Fill-in of the occlusal perforations with self-curing resin to connect the prostheses to the temporary titanium cylinders

Fig. 2. Preparation of the composite veneers for m...

Fig. 2. Preparation of the composite veneers for making the temporary restoration Fig. 2. Preparation of the composite veneers for making the temporary restoration

Fig. 1. Preparation of implant cavity through corr...

Fig. 1. Preparation of implant cavity through corresponding metal sleeves after extraction of the central incisors using a surgical template supported by hopeless remaining teeth Fig. 1. Preparation of implant cavity through corresponding metal sleeves after extraction of the central incisors using a surgical template supported by hopeless remaining teeth

Table 5 Marginal bone loss measured in mm : Six-im...

Collective Mesial Distal 1 year 55 months (40–84) 1 year ...

Table 4 Mean implant stability quotients (ISQ) of ...

Collective ISQ P At insertion 3 months Total (n = 57) 61.3 ± 7.8 ...

Table 3 Mean Periotest values (PT) of survived axi...

Collective PT value P At insertion 3 months Total (n = 57) −1.8 ± 2.4 ...

Table 2 Life table of implants : Six-implant-suppo...

Period # of implants # of failures Survival rate (%) Cumulative survival rate (%) 0 t...

Rights and permissions : Six-implant-supported imm...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Ethics declarations : Six-implant-supported immedi...

The retrospective data analysis was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008, and all patients signed an informed consent. After consulting the local ethic committee, the decision was that due to the retrospective character of this study, with no additional data acquisition, no ethical approval is needed according to the hospital laws of the appropriate sta...

Author information : Six-implant-supported immedia...

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany S. Wentaschek & S. Hartmann Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany C. Walter & W. Wagner You can also search for ...

Acknowledgements : Six-implant-supported immediate...

The authors would like to thank Bredent Medical (Senden, Germany) for providing the 3D-planning system and supporting the treatment nonfinancially.

References : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Download references

References : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Bayer G, Kistler F, Kistler S, Adler S, Neugebauer J. Sofortversorgung mit reduzierter Implantatanzahl: Wissenschaftliche Konzeption und klinische Ergebnisse. Berlin: Quintessenz; 2011. Hanley JA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methodology: the state of the art. Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1989;29(3):307–35. Atieh MA, Alsabeeha NH, Payne AG, de Silva RK, Schwass DS, Duncan WJ. The prognos...

References : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Pommer B, Mailath-Pokorny G, Haas R, Busenlechner D, Furhauser R, Watzek G. Patients’ preferences towards minimally invasive treatment alternatives for implant rehabilitation of edentulous jaws. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2014;7(Suppl 2):S91–109. Monje A, Suarez F, Galindo-Moreno P, Garcia-Nogales A, Fu JH, Wang HL. A systematic review on marginal bone loss around short dental implants (

Abbreviations : Six-implant-supported immediate fi...

Area under the curve Implant stability quotient Periotest Receiver operating characteristic

Conclusions : Six-implant-supported immediate fixe...

Within the limits of this small group (n = 10 patients/60 implants), the failure rate of the analyzed implant system (n = 3 respective 5% implant loss) seems to be comparable with other immediate-loading protocols. On the other side, the implant loss rate of tilted implants (n = 2 of 20) in the atrophic upper jaw was quite high, but still, the aimed treatment concept could be achieved in eve...

Discussion : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Between baseline and first removal of the temporary restoration after 3 months, the mean ISQ increased and the mean PT value decreased significantly in the axial and tilted implants. This is in contrast to some other studies which evaluated no significant differences of stability parameters between primary and secondary stability with immediate loading in edentulous maxilla [16, 21, 22]. The pre...

Discussion : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

The overall implant survival rate of 95% is slightly lower than the reported mean survival rates of the concept of tilted implants and immediate loading in edentulous jaws [11] but still close to them and maybe more comparable to investigations in which implants were also immediately loaded in the edentulous maxilla which were partly placed in fresh extraction sites [15, 16]. Nevertheless, what is...

Results : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

After the temporary restoration with a fixed prosthesis, all 10 patients selected a fixed final restoration. These consisted of a cast metal framework with a full ceramic veneering including the replacement of at least the second premolars. They were made after a new impression on the abutment level (Figs. 6 and 7). The neck of the 20 tilted distal implants was positioned in region 4 (n = 5 impl...

Results : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

Ten patients with a mean age at implant insertion of 64 ± 11.3 years (range 38 to 81 years; six women, four men) were included. Sixty titanium screw implants (Table 1) were inserted and immediately loaded between 09/2009 and 01/2013. Seven patients had remaining teeth until implant surgery (two patients with 4, four patients with 7, and one patient with 12 teeth). Twenty-one (35%) of the 60 ...

Methods : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

Changes in marginal bone level were measured using the routinely made digital panoramic radiographs if these were available. The measurement tool was calibrated with the known respective implant length. To evaluate the bone loss, the difference was formed between the bone level at follow-up examination (Fig. 5) and at implant placement which is the baseline. An implant was considered as successfu...

Methods : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

The patients were screened with preliminary panoramic radiographs, and since all the implants were 3D planned (SKYplanX™ program, Bredent GmbH, Senden, Germany) and inserted with a guiding template, a cone-beam CT (CBCT) was obtained eventually (KaVo 3D eXam™ unit, KaVo Dental GmbH, Biberach/Riss, Germany). The drillings were performed using a 3D-planned surgical template with different metal...

Methods : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

In a retrospective study, all patients with immediately loaded implants in an edentulous maxillae with limited posterior ridge dimensions that received an equal concept were included if they had a follow-up of at least 3 years. The concept contained immediate loading with distal tilted implants and six implants per edentulous maxillae of a single implant system (blueSky™ implants, Bredent GmbH,...

Background : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

For a few years, there has been a trend towards minimally invasive implant treatment concepts avoiding bone augmentation even in very atrophic edentulous jaws. These concepts aim to make an implant treatment with a shorter duration, with less inconvenience such as swelling or pain and possibly also economically more attractive [1]. If the implant treatment is less invasive, because of the possible...

Abstract : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed r...

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of six Bredent blueSky™ implants (Bredent GmbH, Senden, Germany) immediately loaded with a fixed full-arch prosthesis (two tilted posterior and four axial frontal and premolar implants). All 10 patients with atrophic edentulous maxillae being treated with a standardized procedure from 09/2009 to 01/2013, who had a follow-...

Fig. 6. The hydraulic lifter stabilized in the ost...

Fig. 6. The hydraulic lifter stabilized in the osteotomy before injecting the saline Fig. 6. The hydraulic lifter stabilized in the osteotomy before injecting the saline

Fig. 5. a The CAS drill has four blades and an inv...

Fig. 5. se conical shape. b The hydraulic lifter Fig. 5. a The CAS drill has four blades and an inverse conical shape. b The hydraulic lifter

Fig. 4. The inflated balloon while elevating the s...

Fig. 4. The inflated balloon while elevating the sinus membrane (The balloon is seen from the medial.) Fig. 4. The inflated balloon while elevating the sinus membrane (The balloon is seen from the medial.)

Fig. 3. a The balloon in a resting position. b The...

Fig. 3. Fig. 3. a The balloon in a resting position. b The inflated balloon [12]

Fig. 2. The exposed mesial aspect of the sinus : C...

Fig. 2. The exposed mesial aspect of the sinus Fig. 2. The exposed mesial aspect of the sinus

Fig. 1. Determination of the remaining bone height...

Fig. 1. Determination of the remaining bone height (RBH) on the CBCT image Fig. 1. Determination of the remaining bone height (RBH) on the CBCT image

Table 2 The results of logistic regression of meth...

Methods BAOFSE BALLOON CAS kit Number of cases 12 12 ...

Table 1 The association between the methods used t...

  BAOSFE BALLOON CAS kit Total Stats p value Occurrence of perforation ...

About this article : Comparison of three different...

Yassin Alsabbagh, A., Alsabbagh, M.M., Darjazini Nahas, B. et al. Comparison of three different methods of internal sinus lifting for elevation heights of 7 mm: an ex vivo study. Int J Implant Dent 3, 40 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0103-5 Download citation Received: 13 March 2017 Accepted: 29 August 2017 Published: 04 September 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10...

Rights and permissions : Comparison of three diffe...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Ethics declarations : Comparison of three differen...

Aghiad Yassin Alsabbagh, Mohammed Monzer Alsabbagh, Batol Darjazini Nahas, and Salam Rajih declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Comparison of three different...

Department of Periodontology, Damascus University Dental School, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic Aghiad Yassin Alsabbagh & Mohammed Monzer Alsabbagh Department of Orthodontics, Damascus University Dental School, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic Batol Darjazini Nahas Temple university, Philadelphia, USA Salam Rajih You can also search for this author in PubMed Google ...

References : Comparison of three different methods...

Toffler M, Toscano N, Holtzclaw D. Osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation using only platelet-rich fibrin: an early report on 110 patients. Implant Dent. 2010;19(5):447–56. Download references

References : Comparison of three different methods...

Zitzmann NU, Scharer P. Sinus elevation procedures in the resorbed posterior maxilla. Comparison of the crestal and lateral approaches. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1998;85(1):8–17. Esposito M, Felice P, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2014(5):CD008397. Sc...

References : Comparison of three different methods...

Seong WJ, Barczak M, Jung J, Basu S, Olin PS, Conrad HJ. Prevalence of sinus augmentation associated with maxillary posterior implants. The Journal of oral implantology. 2013;39(6):680–8. Cawood JI, Howell RA. A classification of the edentulous jaws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;17(4):232–6. Tan WC, Lang NP, Zwahlen M, Pjetursson BE. A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elev...

Change history : Comparison of three different met...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Conclusions : Comparison of three different method...

Within the limitation of this study and that of an ex vivo study, we can accept our hypotheses that the balloon is better than the BAOSFE in elevating the membrane mucosa and the CAS kit is better than the BAOSFE in preparing the osteotomy and breaking the sinus floor for elevation heights of 7 mm. Further, in vivo studies need to be taken to prove these findings.

Discussion : Comparison of three different methods...

The BAOSFE technique caused perforations in the membrane in 7 out of 12 cases with a percentage of 58.4. This result is consistent with many previous studies which state that this technique has a high rate of perforations when the RBH is less than 5 mm [2, 7, 26]. Also, all the perforations happened during the elevation process; however, this percentage is different than that reported by Steltzle...

Discussion : Comparison of three different methods...

Using a reamer instead of the osteotomes for breaking the sinus floor has the advantage of creating a thin bone shell that prevents direct contact between the drill and the Schneiderian membrane [24]. Moreover, using a reamer has been shown to cause less discomfort and nausea when compared to the osteotome technique as a result of the constant tapping of the osteotomes [25]. As a result, the CAS k...

Discussion : Comparison of three different methods...

Although the lateral sinus floor elevation is a proven clinically successful technique [14], the indirect SFE approach is favorable among clinicians because it does not require a second surgery site and hence cause less trauma and discomfort for the patient [14,15,16]. However, this method has its drawbacks, such as a higher risk of membrane perforation, a decreased space for using surgical instru...

Results : Comparison of three different methods of...

For the entire sample, the mean perforation length was (0.711 mm, SD = 1.4) and the mean time required to perform the procedure was (5.65 min, SD = 2.26), and out of the entire sample (N = 36), perforations happened in nine cases for a percentage of 25%. Chi-square test showed a significant association between method used and the occurrence of perforation (chi-square statistic = 8.585, ...

Methods : Comparison of three different methods of...

This approach starts like BAOSFE. The osteotomy is enlarged to 5.0 mm before the balloon (Zimmer Sinus Lift Balloon, Zimmer Dental Inc., California, USA) is inserted (Fig. 3). The sinus floor was broken with the 5 mm osteotome after the addition of bone. The sleeve of the balloon was inserted 1 mm beyond the sinus floor. The saline was injected slowly from the syringe into the balloon, so the ...

Methods : Comparison of three different methods of...

To achieve our purposes, an experimental ex vivo study was carried. This research project was approved by the University of Damascus Local Research Ethics Committee (UDDS-3045PG.) and was funded by the Damascus University Postgraduate Research Budget (97687027834DEN). The sinus floor elevations were done on 18 bisected heads of lambs aged between 6 and 12 months that were slaughtered in a maximum...

Background : Comparison of three different methods...

Therefore, the two working hypotheses of our study were “the CAS-Kit is safer than BAOSFE in breaking the sinus floor and the balloon is safer than BAOSFE in elevating the Schneiderian membrane” for elevation heights of 7 mm.

Background : Comparison of three different methods...

More than half of the implants placed in the posterior maxilla require sinus floor elevation (SFE) [1]. The need for this procedure is explained by continuous ridge resorption in an apical direction after tooth extraction combined with progressive sinus pneumatization in addition to poor bone quality that is frequently seen in the maxilla [2]. Sinus membrane perforation is considered the most com...

Abstract : Comparison of three different methods o...

Various techniques are available for elevating the sinus membrane. The aim of this study is to evaluate three methods of indirect sinus floor elevation regarding elevation heights of 7 mm on the outcomes of membrane perforation, length of perforation, and time required to perform the procedure. Three different methods for indirect sinus lifting, bone added osteotome sinus floor elevation (BAOS...

Fig. 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal t...

Fig. 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal thickening index. A ≤1 mm, indicating no thickening; B >1 mm but ≤2 mm, indicating minimal thickening; C >2 mm but ≤5 mm, indicating moderate thickening; D >5 mm, indicating severe thickening Fig. 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal thickening index. A ≤1 mm, indicating no thickening; B >1 mm but ≤2 mm, indicating min...

Fig. 1. Figure illustrating the reference points o...

Fig. 1. Figure illustrating the reference points of the CBCT measurements. A: most posterior point of the sinus wall; B: most anterior point of the sinus wall; C: mid-point between A and B; C1: measurement of mucosal thickening perpendicular to A–B line at point C; D: mid-point between A and C; D1: measurement of mucosal thickening perpendicular to A–B line at point D; E: mid-point between B...

Table 2 Statistical results after inter-variable a...

  Gender Respiratory diseases Cardio-vascular diseases Diabetes mellitus Smoking Hist...

Table 1 CBCT measurements of sinus mucosal thicken...

Patient Anterior (E1-floor of the sinus) Middle (C1-floor of the sinus) Posterior (D1-floor of the sinus) ...

About this article : Dental implants and grafting ...

Maska, B., Lin, GH., Othman, A. et al. Dental implants and grafting success remain high despite large variations in maxillary sinus mucosal thickening. Int J Implant Dent 3, 1 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0064-8 Download citation Received: 18 October 2016 Accepted: 13 January 2017 Published: 18 January 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0064-8

Rights and permissions : Dental implants and graft...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Dental implants and grafting ...

You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to Yvonne Kapila.

Author information : Dental implants and grafting ...

Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Bartosz Maska, Guo-Hao Lin, Abdullah Othman, Shabnam Behdin, Suncica Travan, Erika Benavides & Yvonne Kapila Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, 1801 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, USA Guo-Hao Lin Department of Peri...

Acknowledgements : Dental implants and grafting su...

The authors thank Ms. Victoria Zakrzewski for her help with the figure generation and preparation. Co-primary author BM contributed to the CBCT measurement and preparation of the manuscript. Co-primary author G-HL contributed to the data analysis and preparation of the manuscript. Second author AO contributed to the protocol preparation, case review, case selection, and preparation of the manuscr...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Romanos GE, Froum S, Costa-Martins S, Meitner S, Tarnow DP. Implant periapical lesions: etiology and treatment options. J Oral Implantol. 2011;37:53–63. Acharya A, Hao J, Mattheos N, Chau A, Shirke P, Lang NP. Residual ridge dimensions at edentulous maxillary first molar sites and periodontal bone loss among two ethnic cohorts seeking tooth replacement. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014;25:1386–94...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Pazera P, Bornstein MM, Pazera A, Sendi P, Katsaros C. Incidental maxillary sinus findings in orthodontic patients: a radiographic analysis using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Orthod Craniofac Res. 2011;14:17–24. Ritter L, Lutz J, Neugebauer J, et al. Prevalence of pathologic findings in the maxillary sinus in cone-beam computerized tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Gardner DG. Pseudocysts and retention cysts of the maxillary sinus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984;58:561–7. Chiapasco M, Palombo D. Sinus grafting and simultaneous removal of large antral pseudocysts of the maxillary sinus with a micro-invasive intraoral access. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;44:1499–505. Cano J, Campo J, Alobera MA, Baca R. Surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla. Cl...

References : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Beretta M, Poli PP, Grossi GB, Pieroni S, Maiorana C. Long-term survival rate of implants placed in conjunction with 246 sinus floor elevation procedures: results of a 15-year retrospective study. J Dent. 2015;43:78–86. Del Fabbro M, Corbella S, Weinstein T, Ceresoli V, Taschieri S. Implant survival rates after osteotome-mediated maxillary sinus augmentation: a systematic review. Clin Implant D...

Abbreviations : Dental implants and grafting succe...

Cone-beam computed tomographic Protected Health Information Sinus floor elevation

Conclusions : Dental implants and grafting success...

Our study found that the largest tissue thickening was present in the middle section of the maxillary sinus. This tissue thickening did not vary based on gender, age, or smoking status, nor did it relate to the underlying alveolar ridge height. However, patients with a history of periodontal diseases demonstrated a significant association with mucosal thickening. A mucosal thickening index was pro...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Although residual alveolar ridge height has been associated with sinus mucosal thickening [36], our study did not find a significant association between these two parameters. Acharya et al. [36] reported that lower available bone height in the subsinus region was related to thickened sinus membranes within an Asian-Indian and Hong Kong-based Chinese population. Differences in the ethnic compositio...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Based on the findings of the current study, a history of periodontal disease is the only identified parameter significantly associated with sinus mucosal thickening. This finding indicates that clinicians should expect some degree of mucosal thickening when performing sinus augmentation procedures in a previously periodontally involved site. This finding is consistent with several previously publi...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

CBCT imaging has been recognized as a more sensitive imaging modality for identifying sinus thickening and pathoses in the posterior maxilla compared to panoramic radiography [21, 22]. This could explain why the current study identified a higher prevalence of mucosal thickening compared to earlier studies [23]. However, compared to other similar CBCT studies [21, 24, 25], the prevalence reported i...

Results : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

Twenty-nine CBCT images (11 females and 18 males) were included in this study. All the implants placed in these included cases survived, representing a 100% implant survival rate. With regards to measurements of mucosal thickening, the intra-examiner reproducibility revealed an exact intra-examiner correlation of 99%, with a p value of 0.40 for a t test for independent samples, indicating a high r...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

The sites that were measured are specified in the image below (Fig. 1). The most posterior and anterior aspects of the visible maxillary sinus were measured. The ½ point along with the ¼ and ¾ points were then selected, and the measurements of the mucosal thickening were then completed at these three sites. The thickest portion of the mucosa was also measured if it did not coincide with one of...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

The study required access to University of Michigan Protected Health Information (PHI). PHI was necessary in order to track and coordinate the CBCT data and dental and medical history for each subject. Corresponding subject charts and electronic records were reviewed for retrieval of relevant implant placement and restorative history, medical history, and demographic information, including gender ...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

Our study hypothesis was that mucosal thickening of more than 2 mm and up to 1/3 of the volume of the sinus would not alter the predictability for SFE and dental implant placement. The primary outcome was to determine the success rate of dental implant placement in augmented maxillary sinus areas with mucosal thickening. A secondary outcome was to evaluate the effect of gender, age, and smoking o...

Background : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Despite the high survival rate of dental implants inserted in maxillary sinuses that have undergone sinus floor elevation (SFE) with bone grafting, complications still occur [1–3]. Sinus membrane perforation is reported to be the most common complication [4, 5]. Postoperative maxillary sinusitis is less common (0–22%) [6, 7]; nevertheless, it could potentially compromise the outcome of SFE and...

Abstract : Dental implants and grafting success re...

Although mucosal thickening is the most common radiographic finding observed regarding sinus pathology, the knowledge regarding its clinical significance on the outcomes of dental implants and grafting in the maxillary sinuses is still limited. We hypothesized that mucosal thickening would not alter the predictability for sinus floor augmentation and dental implant placement. The purpose of this r...

About this article : Case report on managing incom...

Boehm, T.K. Case report on managing incomplete bone formation after bilateral sinus augmentation using a palatal approach and a dilating balloon technique. Int J Implant Dent 3, 3 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0065-7 Download citation Received: 08 November 2016 Accepted: 13 January 2017 Published: 19 January 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0065-7...

Rights and permissions : Case report on managing i...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Case report on managing incom...

Western University of Health Sciences College of Dental Medicine, 309 E Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA Tobias K. Boehm You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to Tobias K. Boehm.

Acknowledgements : Case report on managing incompl...

I would like to thank the former dental students Dr. Lily Hoang and Dr. Shirley Hsieh and their prosthodontic supervisors Dr. James Ywom, Dr. Steven Sanders, and Dr. Alessandro Urdaneta for providing this patient’s continued restorative and preventive care after the surgeries and the dental assistants of the Western University of Health Sciences Dental Center, Mrs. Cindy Morton and Mrs. Melody P...

References : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Penarrocha-Diago M, Galan-Gil S, Carrillo-Garcia C, Penarrocha-Diago D, Penarrocha-Diago M. Transcrestal sinus lift and implant placement using the sinus balloon technique. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2012;17(1):e122–8. Kfir E, Goldstein M, Abramovitz I, Kfir V, Mazor Z, Kaluski E. The effects of sinus membrane pathology on bone augmentation and procedural outcome using minimal invasive antr...

References : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Hernandez-Alfaro F, Torradeflot MM, Marti C. Prevalence and management of Schneiderian membrane perforations during sinus-lift procedures. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2008;19(1):91–8. Wallace SS, Mazor Z, Froum SJ, Cho SC, Tarnow DP. Schneiderian membrane perforation rate during sinus elevation using piezosurgery: clinical results of 100 consecutive cases. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2007;...

Conclusions : Case report on managing incomplete b...

We conclude that incomplete bone formation after sinus augmentation can be managed successfully through a variety of re-entry procedures and that successful long-term implant placement and restoration is possible in a compliant patient of good overall health.

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

Healing was uneventful with little discomfort reported by the patient during the first week, and implant uncovery revealed an implant firmly embedded in bone after 12 months. A third implant was placed at the no. 30 site and supraerupted no. 18 extracted as planned. Restoration of the implants was uneventfully performed by senior dental students supervised by various prosthodontists (Fig. 11). P...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

For the left side, we decided to access the sinus using a lateral window as the area of deficient bone was much larger in size and more complex in shape. We also decided to approach this area from the palate, as the defect was closer to the palate and required much less bone removal as a buccal approach. Most importantly, we were already familiar with the anatomical structures on the lower medial ...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

A year later, we requested cone beam computed tomography for both posterior maxilla sites, and we found incomplete bone growth in the sinus. On the right side, bone growth had occurred only distal to the desired implant site, and there was an ovoid extension of sinus into the area planned for implant placement (Fig. 4). On the left side, a finger-like extension of sinus had developed between graf...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

Lateral window sinus augmentation was performed on each side during appointments spaced 3 months apart, following the technique developed by Tatum in 1974. For each site, a midcrestal mucoperiosteal incision with buccal releases was created, and the lateral Schneiderian membrane of the maxillary sinus exposed through an ovoid window osteotomy of about 15 mm diameter. Osteotomy was performed usin...

Case presentation : Case report on managing incomp...

A 65-year-old retired Caucasian male presented to the Western University of Health Sciences Dental Center expressing an interest in implants after consulting with a private practice periodontist and a dentist from a large implant dentistry practice. He had no medical conditions or known allergies, but reported a 40-pack-year history of using tobacco and quit just before attending the Dental Center...

Background : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Membrane tears are a significant concern as they may result in postoperative complications such as an oroantral communication as reported recently. In this case, the communication was managed by inserting a fibrin sponge, but it resulted in a cyst-like concavity within grafted bone, which was subsequently managed by re-entry and grafting of the affected site prior to implant placement [14]. As see...

Background : Case report on managing incomplete bo...

Patients with severe periodontal disease often display severely resorbed ridges in the posterior maxilla. Implant therapy can be a challenge for those patients as available bone height is limited by the maxillary sinus. Although sinus augmentation using subantral or lateral window approaches are routinely used, complications occur that may limit bone augmentation in the sinus after any given proce...

Abstract : Case report on managing incomplete bone...

Patients with resorbed edentulous alveolar ridges in the posterior maxilla often require lateral window sinus augmentation procedures prior to implant placement. Lateral window sinus augmentation procedures can produce incomplete bone augmentation as consequence of surgical and healing complications producing unusual and complex sinus anatomy. Although incomplete bone formation after sinus augment...

About this article : A novel report on the use of ...

Dattani, A., Richardson, D. & Butterworth, C.J. A novel report on the use of an oncology zygomatic implant-retained maxillary obturator in a paediatric patient. Int J Implant Dent 3, 9 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0073-7 Download citation Received: 24 November 2016 Accepted: 26 February 2017 Published: 28 March 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-00...

Rights and permissions : A novel report on the use...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : A novel report on the use of ...

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Maxillofacial Unit, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK Amit Dattani Maxillofacial Surgery, Regional Craniofacial Unit, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK David Richardson Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Regional Maxillofacial Unit, University Hospital Aintree, Longmoor Lane, Liverpool, L9 7AL, UK Chris J. Butterworth You can also sea...

References : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

Brown JS, Shaw RJ. Reconstruction of the maxilla and midface: introducing a new classification. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11(10):1001–8. Breeze J, Rennie A, Morrison A, Dawson D, Tipper J, Rehman K, et al. Health-related quality of life after maxillectomy: obturator rehabilitation compared with flap reconstruction. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2016;54(8):857–62. Kim SM, Park MW, Cho YA, Myoung H, Lee...

Conclusions : A novel report on the use of an onco...

The use of zygomatic implants to supplement the stability and retention of the maxillary obturator in this case has improved the function of the prosthesis and provided for a very high-quality rehabilitation for the patient reported with no evidence of disruption to facial growth in the 22 months following surgery.

Discussion : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The use of modified zygomatic implants (Fig. 1) allows improved hygiene by the patient of the implants within the maxillary defect. The threaded portion of the implants is fully engaged into the bone with only the smooth portion protruding into the defect. Clearly this ongoing hygiene by the patient is of utmost importance in preventing peri-implant soft and hard tissue changes, but the implant d...

Discussion : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The difficulty of restoration with a maxillary obturator prosthesis depends on the extent of the surgical resection, with the acceptance that resections with an increasing horizontal component provide a much greater prosthodontic challenge. The number of remaining teeth is a key component in conventional obturator design [9] with the remaining dentition being used exclusively to retain the prosthe...

Discussion : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The paediatric population rarely suffer malignant disease of the oral cavity requiring any form of maxillectomy, and there is little published evidence around the rehabilitation and restorative management of children undergoing such procedures. The seemingly most common approach for a limited low-level maxillary resection in a child would be to consider resection and simple prosthetic obturation a...

Case presentation : A novel report on the use of a...

Four weeks later, the patient was returned to the operating room for removal and modification of the obturator. The cavity was healing well, and both implants were firm with no evidence of infection. The initial obturator was modified with the application of a soft lining material and the patient subsequently discharged with instructions on the insertion and removal of the obturator. At the 12-we...

Case presentation : A novel report on the use of a...

A medically fit and well 13-year 11-month-old male was referred to the oral and maxillofacial surgery department at Alder Hey Children’s Hospital in Liverpool in regard to an intra-oral swelling of the right palatal region (Fig. 2). An incisional biopsy was initially reported as a pleomorphic adenoma of the premolar region. Subsequently, a CT scan showed no significant bony abnormality, and a w...

Background : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

The characteristics of a good obturator will improve swallowing, speech function, minimise nasal fluid leakage from the antrum and nasal spaces, restore facial aesthetics including the teeth and facilitate masticatory function and speech. A surgical obturator can be provided at the time of surgery to facilitate function and haemostasis in the immediate post-operative period, and this can subsequen...

Background : A novel report on the use of an oncol...

Maxillary defects of acquired [1] or congenital origin produce a communication between the oral and nasal cavities sometimes via an opening into the maxillary antrum and by direct communication into the nose. This in turn can result in masticatory compromise, swallowing and speech impairment, nasal fluid regurgitation and aesthetic concerns. The management of the maxillectomy patient is a complex ...

Abstract : A novel report on the use of an oncolog...

This report details the use of zygomatic oncology osseointegrated implants to support and retain a maxillary obturator in a 13-year-old male patient who underwent a right-sided hemi-maxillectomy (Brown Class 2b) (Brown and Shaw, Lancet Oncol 11:1001–8, 2010) for a myxoid spindle cell carcinoma. At the time of maxillary resection, two zygomatic oncology implants were inserted into the right zygom...

Fig. 2. a Panoramic radiography with area of inter...

Fig. 2. xillary sinus) and b, c examples of corresponding images in cone beam computed tomography Fig. 2. a Panoramic radiography with area of interest (maxillary sinus) and b, c examples of corresponding images in cone beam computed tomography

Fig. 1. a Panoramic radiography with area of inter...

Fig. 1. maxillary sinus) and b, c examples of corresponding images in cone beam computed tomography Fig. 1. a Panoramic radiography with area of interest (maxillary sinus) and b, c examples of corresponding images in cone beam computed tomography

Table 5 Results of the question “Is there an add...

Question General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value* ...

Table 4 Description of incidental findings in PAN ...

Additional incidental findings in panoramic radiography Relative incidence (%) in relation to total number of therapy affecting findings Retained third molar/follicular cyst 22 ...

Table 3 Number of additional incidental findings i...

Number of cases General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value*   ...

Table 2 Results of the question “An additional s...

Question General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value* ...

Table 1 Results of the question “Based on PAN, t...

Question General practitioner (n = 2) Junior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 2) Senior maxillofacial surgeon (n = 3) p value* ...

About this article : Evaluation of symptomatic max...

Dau, M., Marciak, P., Al-Nawas, B. et al. Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography—influence of professional training. Int J Implant Dent 3, 13 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0075-5 Download citation Received: 10 December 2016 Accepted: 12 March 2017 Published: 05 April 2017 DOI: http...

Rights and permissions : Evaluation of symptomatic...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : Evaluation of symptomatic max...

Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center, Schillingallee 35, 18057, Rostock, Germany Michael Dau, Bernhard Frerich & Peer Wolfgang Kämmerer Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Mainz, Germany Paul Marciak & Bial Al-Nawas Private Dental Praxis Dr. Rossa, Ludwigshafen, Germany Henning Staedt Depa...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Quintero JC, et al. Craniofacial imaging in orthodontics: historical perspective, current status, and future developments. Angle Orthod. 1999;69(6):491–506. Tadinada A, et al. Radiographic evaluation of the maxillary sinus prior to dental implant therapy: a comparison between two-dimensional and three-dimensional radiographic imaging. Imaging Sci Dent. 2015;45(3):169–74. Ritter L, et al. Pre...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Rivis M, Valeanu AN. Giant maxillary cyst with intrasinusal evolution. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2013;54(3 Suppl):889–92. Yilmaz SY, Misirlioglu M, Adisen MZ. A diagnosis of maxillary sinus fracture with cone-beam CT: case report and literature review. Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2014;7(2):85–91. Lana JP, et al. Anatomic variations and lesions of the maxillary sinus detected in cone beam ...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Gang TI, et al. The effect of radiographic imaging modalities and the observer’s experience on postoperative maxillary cyst assessment. Imaging Sci Dent. 2014;44(4):301–5. Batra PS, et al. Computed tomography imaging practice patterns in adult chronic rhinosinusitis: survey of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and American Rhinologic Society Membership. Int Forum Al...

References : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Dragan E, et al. Maxillary sinus anatomic and pathologic CT findings in edentulous patients scheduled for sinus augmentation. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2014;118(4):1114–21. Raghav M, et al. Prevalence of incidental maxillary sinus pathologies in dental patients on cone-beam computed tomographic images. Contemp Clin Dent. 2014;5(3):361–5. Lyros I, et al. An incidental finding on a diagno...

Conclusions : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary ...

Depending on the observers’ clinical and radiological experience, PAN alone may not be sufficient for evaluation of pathologies of the maxillary sinus. On the contrary, significant benefits of sFOV-CBCT for diagnosing symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies were reported. Having sFOV-CBCT seems to have added additional information and confidence in comparison to PAN alone. Nonetheless, also with...

Discussion : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

The influence of clinical experience of evaluation of PAN [34] as well as the clinical experience and routine analysis of 3D radiographs (as assumed for maxillofacial surgeons when compared to those for general practitioners) strongly influence the diagnostic value of additional three-dimensional imaging. The number of incidental findings in CBCT in addition to those seen in PAN was not of major d...

Discussion : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

In dentistry, PAN is a widely available, useful, and important diagnostic tool for diagnosis and general preoperative planning [32] with less radiation exposure then CBCT [21]. While most dentists have used it routinely successful for years and gained significant experience in doing so [33], there are certain limitations in dependence of the region to be examined [10]. The high number of “not vi...

Results : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinu...

This study focused on three different aspects in our analysis—PAN, PAN and CBCT, as well as the influence of the different clinical and radiological experience (examples in Figs. 1 and 2). Panoramic radiography (PAN) When assessing PAN, the ratings were significantly lower at “good visible and can be evaluated” (9.9%) compared to “visible but cannot be evaluated” (39.5%; p 

Methods : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinu...

The first question for PAN addressed the imaging quality in the clinical relevant area of interest (clinical data were given). Three answers were possible: 1 = good visibility and can be evaluated, 2 = visible but cannot be evaluated, and 3 = not visible. The second question asked for an additional need for CBCT scans. Three answers were possible: 1 = required, 2 = reasonable, and 3 = not required...

Methods : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sinu...

In an experimental diagnostic comparison, radiographic images of 15 female and 13 male patients were assessed. Patients’ radiographs were selected from the Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery of the University Medical Centre of Mainz and Rostock, Germany. All patients have had referrals to the hospitals with symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies and received PAN (Ortho...

Background : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

In order to justify CBCT use for clinical examination and diagnosis of the maxillary sinus, the aim of this study was to compare the subjective quality rating of PAN and PAN together with a small field of view (sFOV) CBCT to evaluate symptomatic maxillary sinus by clinicians with different training and clinical experience.

Background : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary s...

Non-symptomatic abnormalities of the maxillary sinus such as mucosal thickening, retention cysts, and opacification are reported to occur in up to 74% of all cases [1–6]. For diagnosis of symptomatic pathologies of the maxillary sinus like retention cysts, polyps, and tumors, panoramic radiographies (PAN) are commonly used and widely available. In PAN, not every area of interest is accurately de...

Abstract : Evaluation of symptomatic maxillary sin...

A comparison of panoramic radiography (PAN) alone and PAN together with small field of view cone beam computed tomography (sFOV-CBCT) for diagnosis of symptomatic pathologies of the maxillary sinus was carried out by clinicians of different experience. Corresponding radiographic images (PAN/sFOV-CBCT) of 28 patients with symptomatic maxillary sinus pathologies were chosen and analyzed by two gene...

About this article : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

Nery, J.C., Pereira, L.A.V.D., Guimarães, G.F. et al. β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix proteins for maxillary sinus floor augmentation: a histomorphometric analysis of human biopsies. Int J Implant Dent 3, 18 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0080-8 Download citation Received: 08 December 2016 Accepted: 22 April 2017 Published: 04 May 2017 DOI: https://do...

Rights and permissions : β-TCP/HA with or without...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Author information : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar Correspondence to James Carlos Nery.

Author information : β-TCP/HA with or without ena...

Department of Implantology, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Center, Brasília, DF, Brazil James Carlos Nery, George Furtado Guimarães & Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, UNICAMP – State University of Campinas, Institute of Biology, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Luís Antônio Violin Dias Pereira Department of Periodontology, UNESP – Univ. Estad...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Wikesjo UM, Sorensen RG, Kinoshita A, Wozney JM. RhBMP-2/alphaBSM induces significant vertical alveolar ridge augmentation and dental implant osseointegration. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2002;4:174–82. Carinci F, Brunelli G, Franco M, Viscioni A, Rigo L, Guidi R, et al. A retrospective study on 287 implants installed in resorbed maxillae grafted with fresh frozen allogenous bone. Clin Implant...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Miron RJ, Sculean A, Cochran DL, Froum S, Zucchelli G, Nemcovsky C, et al. Twenty years of enamel matrix derivative: the past, the present and the future. J Clin Periodontol. 2016;43:668–83. Sculean A, Nikolidakis D, Nikou G, Ivanovic A, Chapple IL, Stavropoulos A. Biomaterials for promoting periodontal regeneration in human intrabony defects: a systematic review. Periodontol 2000. 2015;68:182...

References : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Esposito M, Felice P, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;17:CD008397. Jungner M, Cricchio G, Salata LA, Sennerby L, Lundqvist C, Hultcrantz M, et al. On the early mechanisms of bone formation after maxillary sinus membrane elevation: an experimental histological and immunohistochemical study. ...

Conclusions : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel mat...

The present study showed that maxillary sinus floor augmentation with BC resulted in adequate amounts of new bone formation allowing successful implant installation, while adding EMD did not have a significant effect.

Discussion : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Nevertheless, the amount of bone generated with BC or BC + EMD herein was adequate to support successful implant placement and osseointegration of implants. In fact, more or less similar amounts of bone formation have been reported in studies evaluating human sinus biopsies after grafting with a variety of biomaterials (bone formation ranging approximately from 30 to 50%) [19]. On the other ha...

Discussion : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

The present study compared the histological and histomorphometrical outcome of healing after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with BC with or without EMD, based on human biopsies. The results showed that addition of EMD did not enhance the outcome of healing, neither in terms of quality nor quantity of new bone. Nevertheless, the amount of bone generated after maxillary sinus floor augmentation ...

Results : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

All ten patients showed uneventful healing after the sinus floor augmentation procedure as well as after dental implant placement, with no overt postoperative inflammation or infection. Consistently, in all ten patients, no significant jiggling of the drill was noticed during biopsy harvesting, while subjective drilling resistance during implant placement was similar in both groups and all implant...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

The data for each tissue component from the three histological sections were averaged to represent the biopsy. Commercially available software (GraphPad Prism 5.0 for Windows, GraphPad Software Inc., USA) was utilized for statistical comparisons between groups and for drawing the graphics. The assumption of normality was checked using D’Agostino & Pearson omnibus test. The data for each evaluate...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

Six months after grafting, another CBCT examination was carried out for implant planning. In the sequence, following the previously described antiseptic and anesthetic procedures, two implants with a sand-blasted and acid etching surface were installed in each of the grafted sinuses, i.e., 40 implants in total (32—Neoporous, Neodent, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; 8—SLA, Straumann, Basel, Switzerl...

Methods : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix ...

This research project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Dentistry and Dental Research Center São Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil, under the protocol 2010/0360. Ten consecutive patients (age range 35–75 years) with the need of bilateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation prior to the placement of four dental implants (two in each side of posterior maxilla) were selected for the stu...

Background : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

The aim of the present study was to compare histomorphometrically the outcome of maxillary sinus floor augmentation with β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix proteins (BC + EMD and EMD, respectively) in humans.

Background : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matr...

Reconstruction of the edentulous and severely atrophied posterior maxilla is often performed by means of maxillary sinus floor augmentation in combination with dental implants [1, 2]. Various bone graft materials are typically used for enhancing bone formation within the sinus cavity; autogenous bone (AB) is considered as the gold standard due to its osteogenic, osteoinductive, and osteoconductive...

Abstract : β-TCP/HA with or without enamel matrix...

It is still unclear whether enamel matrix proteins (EMD) as adjunct to bone grafting enhance bone healing. This study compared histomorphometrically maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) with β-TCP/HA in combination with or without EMD in humans. In ten systemically healthy patients needing bilateral MSFA, one side was randomly treated using β-TCP/HA mixed with EMD (BC + EMD) and the ot...

Fig. 7. Vestibular view of the final restoration :...

Fig. 7. Vestibular view of the final restoration Fig. 7. Vestibular view of the final restoration

Fig. 6. Occlusal view of the final restoration. In...

Fig. 6. Occlusal view of the final restoration. In this case, with the longest cantilever extension on a final restoration within this collective Fig. 6. Occlusal view of the final restoration. In this case, with the longest cantilever extension on a final restoration within this collective

Fig. 5. One-year post-surgery panoramic radiograph...

Fig. 5. One-year post-surgery panoramic radiograph with final restoration Fig. 5. One-year post-surgery panoramic radiograph with final restoration

Fig. 4. Occlusal view of implant-abutments 3 mont...

Fig. 4. Occlusal view of implant-abutments 3 months post-surgery at the first removal of the temporary restoration Fig. 4. Occlusal view of implant-abutments 3 months post-surgery at the first removal of the temporary restoration

Fig. 3. Fill-in of the occlusal perforations with ...

Fig. 3. Fill-in of the occlusal perforations with self-curing resin to connect the prostheses to the temporary titanium cylinders Fig. 3. Fill-in of the occlusal perforations with self-curing resin to connect the prostheses to the temporary titanium cylinders

Fig. 2. Preparation of the composite veneers for m...

Fig. 2. Preparation of the composite veneers for making the temporary restoration Fig. 2. Preparation of the composite veneers for making the temporary restoration

Fig. 1. Preparation of implant cavity through corr...

Fig. 1. Preparation of implant cavity through corresponding metal sleeves after extraction of the central incisors using a surgical template supported by hopeless remaining teeth Fig. 1. Preparation of implant cavity through corresponding metal sleeves after extraction of the central incisors using a surgical template supported by hopeless remaining teeth

Table 5 Marginal bone loss measured in mm : Six-im...

Collective Mesial Distal 1 year 55 months (40–84) 1 year ...

Table 4 Mean implant stability quotients (ISQ) of ...

Collective ISQ P At insertion 3 months Total (n = 57) 61.3 ± 7.8 ...

Table 3 Mean Periotest values (PT) of survived axi...

Collective PT value P At insertion 3 months Total (n = 57) −1.8 ± 2.4 ...

Table 2 Life table of implants : Six-implant-suppo...

Period # of implants # of failures Survival rate (%) Cumulative survival rate (%) 0 t...

Table 1 Diameters and lengths of immediately loade...

  Diameter Length 10 mm 12 mm 14 mm 16 mm Axial ...

About this article : Six-implant-supported immedia...

Wentaschek, S., Hartmann, S., Walter, C. et al. Six-implant-supported immediate fixed rehabilitation of atrophic edentulous maxillae with tilted distal implants. Int J Implant Dent 3, 35 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0096-0 Download citation Received: 14 March 2017 Accepted: 13 July 2017 Published: 25 July 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0096-0

Rights and permissions : Six-implant-supported imm...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Ethics declarations : Six-implant-supported immedi...

The retrospective data analysis was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008, and all patients signed an informed consent. After consulting the local ethic committee, the decision was that due to the retrospective character of this study, with no additional data acquisition, no ethical approval is needed according to the hospital laws of the appropriate sta...

Author information : Six-implant-supported immedia...

Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany S. Wentaschek & S. Hartmann Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany C. Walter & W. Wagner You can also search for ...

Acknowledgements : Six-implant-supported immediate...

The authors would like to thank Bredent Medical (Senden, Germany) for providing the 3D-planning system and supporting the treatment nonfinancially.

References : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Download references

References : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Bayer G, Kistler F, Kistler S, Adler S, Neugebauer J. Sofortversorgung mit reduzierter Implantatanzahl: Wissenschaftliche Konzeption und klinische Ergebnisse. Berlin: Quintessenz; 2011. Hanley JA. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methodology: the state of the art. Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1989;29(3):307–35. Atieh MA, Alsabeeha NH, Payne AG, de Silva RK, Schwass DS, Duncan WJ. The prognos...

References : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Pommer B, Mailath-Pokorny G, Haas R, Busenlechner D, Furhauser R, Watzek G. Patients’ preferences towards minimally invasive treatment alternatives for implant rehabilitation of edentulous jaws. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2014;7(Suppl 2):S91–109. Monje A, Suarez F, Galindo-Moreno P, Garcia-Nogales A, Fu JH, Wang HL. A systematic review on marginal bone loss around short dental implants (

Abbreviations : Six-implant-supported immediate fi...

Area under the curve Implant stability quotient Periotest Receiver operating characteristic

Conclusions : Six-implant-supported immediate fixe...

Within the limits of this small group (n = 10 patients/60 implants), the failure rate of the analyzed implant system (n = 3 respective 5% implant loss) seems to be comparable with other immediate-loading protocols. On the other side, the implant loss rate of tilted implants (n = 2 of 20) in the atrophic upper jaw was quite high, but still, the aimed treatment concept could be achieved in eve...

Discussion : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

Between baseline and first removal of the temporary restoration after 3 months, the mean ISQ increased and the mean PT value decreased significantly in the axial and tilted implants. This is in contrast to some other studies which evaluated no significant differences of stability parameters between primary and secondary stability with immediate loading in edentulous maxilla [16, 21, 22]. The pre...

Discussion : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

The overall implant survival rate of 95% is slightly lower than the reported mean survival rates of the concept of tilted implants and immediate loading in edentulous jaws [11] but still close to them and maybe more comparable to investigations in which implants were also immediately loaded in the edentulous maxilla which were partly placed in fresh extraction sites [15, 16]. Nevertheless, what is...

Results : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

After the temporary restoration with a fixed prosthesis, all 10 patients selected a fixed final restoration. These consisted of a cast metal framework with a full ceramic veneering including the replacement of at least the second premolars. They were made after a new impression on the abutment level (Figs. 6 and 7). The neck of the 20 tilted distal implants was positioned in region 4 (n = 5 impl...

Results : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

Ten patients with a mean age at implant insertion of 64 ± 11.3 years (range 38 to 81 years; six women, four men) were included. Sixty titanium screw implants (Table 1) were inserted and immediately loaded between 09/2009 and 01/2013. Seven patients had remaining teeth until implant surgery (two patients with 4, four patients with 7, and one patient with 12 teeth). Twenty-one (35%) of the 60 ...

Methods : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

Changes in marginal bone level were measured using the routinely made digital panoramic radiographs if these were available. The measurement tool was calibrated with the known respective implant length. To evaluate the bone loss, the difference was formed between the bone level at follow-up examination (Fig. 5) and at implant placement which is the baseline. An implant was considered as successfu...

Methods : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

The patients were screened with preliminary panoramic radiographs, and since all the implants were 3D planned (SKYplanX™ program, Bredent GmbH, Senden, Germany) and inserted with a guiding template, a cone-beam CT (CBCT) was obtained eventually (KaVo 3D eXam™ unit, KaVo Dental GmbH, Biberach/Riss, Germany). The drillings were performed using a 3D-planned surgical template with different metal...

Methods : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed re...

In a retrospective study, all patients with immediately loaded implants in an edentulous maxillae with limited posterior ridge dimensions that received an equal concept were included if they had a follow-up of at least 3 years. The concept contained immediate loading with distal tilted implants and six implants per edentulous maxillae of a single implant system (blueSky™ implants, Bredent GmbH,...

Background : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed...

For a few years, there has been a trend towards minimally invasive implant treatment concepts avoiding bone augmentation even in very atrophic edentulous jaws. These concepts aim to make an implant treatment with a shorter duration, with less inconvenience such as swelling or pain and possibly also economically more attractive [1]. If the implant treatment is less invasive, because of the possible...

Abstract : Six-implant-supported immediate fixed r...

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the treatment outcome of six Bredent blueSky™ implants (Bredent GmbH, Senden, Germany) immediately loaded with a fixed full-arch prosthesis (two tilted posterior and four axial frontal and premolar implants). All 10 patients with atrophic edentulous maxillae being treated with a standardized procedure from 09/2009 to 01/2013, who had a follow-...

Fig. 6. The hydraulic lifter stabilized in the ost...

Fig. 6. The hydraulic lifter stabilized in the osteotomy before injecting the saline Fig. 6. The hydraulic lifter stabilized in the osteotomy before injecting the saline

Fig. 5. a The CAS drill has four blades and an inv...

Fig. 5. Fig. 5. a The CAS drill has four blades and an inverse conical shape. b The hydraulic lifter

Fig. 4. The inflated balloon while elevating the s...

Fig. 4. The inflated balloon while elevating the sinus membrane (The balloon is seen from the medial.) Fig. 4. The inflated balloon while elevating the sinus membrane (The balloon is seen from the medial.)

Fig. 3. a The balloon in a resting position. b The...

Fig. 3. 12] Fig. 3. a The balloon in a resting position. b The inflated balloon [12]

Fig. 2. The exposed mesial aspect of the sinus : C...

Fig. 2. The exposed mesial aspect of the sinus Fig. 2. The exposed mesial aspect of the sinus

Fig. 1. Determination of the remaining bone height...

Fig. 1. Determination of the remaining bone height (RBH) on the CBCT image Fig. 1. Determination of the remaining bone height (RBH) on the CBCT image

Table 2 The results of logistic regression of meth...

Methods BAOFSE BALLOON CAS kit Number of cases 12 12 ...

Table 1 The association between the methods used t...

  BAOSFE BALLOON CAS kit Total Stats p value Occurrence of perforation ...

About this article : Comparison of three different...

Yassin Alsabbagh, A., Alsabbagh, M.M., Darjazini Nahas, B. et al. Comparison of three different methods of internal sinus lifting for elevation heights of 7 mm: an ex vivo study. Int J Implant Dent 3, 40 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-017-0103-5 Download citation Received: 13 March 2017 Accepted: 29 August 2017 Published: 04 September 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10...

Rights and permissions : Comparison of three diffe...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were...

Ethics declarations : Comparison of three differen...

Aghiad Yassin Alsabbagh, Mohammed Monzer Alsabbagh, Batol Darjazini Nahas, and Salam Rajih declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Comparison of three different...

Department of Periodontology, Damascus University Dental School, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic Aghiad Yassin Alsabbagh & Mohammed Monzer Alsabbagh Department of Orthodontics, Damascus University Dental School, Damascus, Syrian Arab Republic Batol Darjazini Nahas Temple university, Philadelphia, USA Salam Rajih You can also search for this author in PubMed Google ...

References : Comparison of three different methods...

Toffler M, Toscano N, Holtzclaw D. Osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation using only platelet-rich fibrin: an early report on 110 patients. Implant Dent. 2010;19(5):447–56. Download references

References : Comparison of three different methods...

Zitzmann NU, Scharer P. Sinus elevation procedures in the resorbed posterior maxilla. Comparison of the crestal and lateral approaches. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1998;85(1):8–17. Esposito M, Felice P, Worthington HV. Interventions for replacing missing teeth: augmentation procedures of the maxillary sinus. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2014(5):CD008397. Sc...

References : Comparison of three different methods...

Seong WJ, Barczak M, Jung J, Basu S, Olin PS, Conrad HJ. Prevalence of sinus augmentation associated with maxillary posterior implants. The Journal of oral implantology. 2013;39(6):680–8. Cawood JI, Howell RA. A classification of the edentulous jaws. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;17(4):232–6. Tan WC, Lang NP, Zwahlen M, Pjetursson BE. A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elev...

Change history : Comparison of three different met...

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Conclusions : Comparison of three different method...

Within the limitation of this study and that of an ex vivo study, we can accept our hypotheses that the balloon is better than the BAOSFE in elevating the membrane mucosa and the CAS kit is better than the BAOSFE in preparing the osteotomy and breaking the sinus floor for elevation heights of 7 mm. Further, in vivo studies need to be taken to prove these findings.

Discussion : Comparison of three different methods...

The BAOSFE technique caused perforations in the membrane in 7 out of 12 cases with a percentage of 58.4. This result is consistent with many previous studies which state that this technique has a high rate of perforations when the RBH is less than 5 mm [2, 7, 26]. Also, all the perforations happened during the elevation process; however, this percentage is different than that reported by Steltzle...

Discussion : Comparison of three different methods...

Using a reamer instead of the osteotomes for breaking the sinus floor has the advantage of creating a thin bone shell that prevents direct contact between the drill and the Schneiderian membrane [24]. Moreover, using a reamer has been shown to cause less discomfort and nausea when compared to the osteotome technique as a result of the constant tapping of the osteotomes [25]. As a result, the CAS k...

Discussion : Comparison of three different methods...

Although the lateral sinus floor elevation is a proven clinically successful technique [14], the indirect SFE approach is favorable among clinicians because it does not require a second surgery site and hence cause less trauma and discomfort for the patient [14,15,16]. However, this method has its drawbacks, such as a higher risk of membrane perforation, a decreased space for using surgical instru...

Results : Comparison of three different methods of...

For the entire sample, the mean perforation length was (0.711 mm, SD = 1.4) and the mean time required to perform the procedure was (5.65 min, SD = 2.26), and out of the entire sample (N = 36), perforations happened in nine cases for a percentage of 25%. Chi-square test showed a significant association between method used and the occurrence of perforation (chi-square statistic = 8.585, ...

Methods : Comparison of three different methods of...

This approach starts like BAOSFE. The osteotomy is enlarged to 5.0 mm before the balloon (Zimmer Sinus Lift Balloon, Zimmer Dental Inc., California, USA) is inserted (Fig. 3). The sinus floor was broken with the 5 mm osteotome after the addition of bone. The sleeve of the balloon was inserted 1 mm beyond the sinus floor. The saline was injected slowly from the syringe into the balloon, so the ...

Methods : Comparison of three different methods of...

To achieve our purposes, an experimental ex vivo study was carried. This research project was approved by the University of Damascus Local Research Ethics Committee (UDDS-3045PG.) and was funded by the Damascus University Postgraduate Research Budget (97687027834DEN). The sinus floor elevations were done on 18 bisected heads of lambs aged between 6 and 12 months that were slaughtered in a maximum...

Background : Comparison of three different methods...

Therefore, the two working hypotheses of our study were “the CAS-Kit is safer than BAOSFE in breaking the sinus floor and the balloon is safer than BAOSFE in elevating the Schneiderian membrane” for elevation heights of 7 mm.

Background : Comparison of three different methods...

More than half of the implants placed in the posterior maxilla require sinus floor elevation (SFE) [1]. The need for this procedure is explained by continuous ridge resorption in an apical direction after tooth extraction combined with progressive sinus pneumatization in addition to poor bone quality that is frequently seen in the maxilla [2]. Sinus membrane perforation is considered the most com...

Abstract : Comparison of three different methods o...

Various techniques are available for elevating the sinus membrane. The aim of this study is to evaluate three methods of indirect sinus floor elevation regarding elevation heights of 7 mm on the outcomes of membrane perforation, length of perforation, and time required to perform the procedure. Three different methods for indirect sinus lifting, bone added osteotome sinus floor elevation (BAOS...

Fig. 8. The association between mean osseus sinus ...

Fig. 8. The association between mean osseus sinus volume of the maxillary sinus and gender. Men have a statistically significant higher mean osseus volume than women (p = 0.007) Fig. 8. The association between mean osseus sinus volume of the maxillary sinus and gender. Men have a statistically significant higher mean osseus volume than women (p = 0.007)

Fig. 7. The association between the mean osseus si...

Fig. 7. The association between the mean osseus sinus volume and age. No significant association between these parameters was found (p = 0.2) Fig. 7. The association between the mean osseus sinus volume and age. No significant association between these parameters was found (p = 0.2)

Fig. 6. No statistical significant association bet...

Fig. 6. No statistical significant association between a patient’s age and the presence of obliteration of at least one maxillary sinus was found (p = 0.92). For better visibility, the diagram has been jittered along the y-axis Fig. 6. No statistical significant association between a patient’s age and the presence of obliteration of at least one maxillary sinus was found (p = 0.92...

Fig. 5. The association between the obliterated vo...

Fig. 5. The association between the obliterated volume and sinus pathology. The presence of a pathology significantly increased the obliterated volume of a maxillary sinus (p 

Fig. 4. The association between the osseus volume ...

Fig. 4. The association between the osseus volume and the dentition. Edentulous, partly edentulous, and dentate patients showed no relevant difference in the size of the osseus sinus volume (p = 0.52) Fig. 4. The association between the osseus volume and the dentition. Edentulous, partly edentulous, and dentate patients showed no relevant difference in the size of the osseus sinus volume ...

Fig. 3. 3D view of osseus sinus volumes. Surface a...

Fig. 3. 3D view of osseus sinus volumes. Surface area (cm2) and volume (cm3) were calculated by the software Fig. 3. 3D view of osseus sinus volumes. Surface area (cm2) and volume (cm3) were calculated by the software

Fig. 2. View from the coronal plane. The marked cu...

Fig. 2. View from the coronal plane. The marked curves define the osseus and mucous boundaries of the maxillary sinuses. The hatched surface illustrates the measured remaining pneumatized cavity of an obliterated sinus and the filled (yellow) surface highlights the calculated obliterated volume Fig. 2. View from the coronal plane. The marked curves define the osseus and mucous boundaries of t...

Fig. 1. Calculation of the sinus body by interpola...

Fig. 1. Calculation of the sinus body by interpolating 15–25 curves at a distance of 2 mm, depending upon the size of the maxillary cavity Fig. 1. Calculation of the sinus body by interpolating 15–25 curves at a distance of 2 mm, depending upon the size of the maxillary cavity

Table 2 Frequency of pathologies in 128 maxillary ...

Frequency of pathologies n (%) Absence of alteration 73 (57.0) Mucosal thickening ...

Table 1 Mean, median minimum, maximum, and standar...

  Mean Median Minimum Maximum SD Osseus sinus surface area (cm2) ...

About this article : 3D-evaluation of the maxillar...

Luz, J., Greutmann, D., Wiedemeier, D. et al. 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus in cone-beam computed tomography. Int J Implant Dent 4, 17 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0128-4 Download citation Received: 30 January 2018 Accepted: 20 March 2018 Published: 05 June 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0128-4

Rights and permissions : 3D-evaluation of the maxi...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : 3D-evaluation of the maxilla...

JL and CR are residents at the Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. DG is a master student at the Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. MR is the Chairman of the Clinic for Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. DW is t...

Author information : 3D-evaluation of the maxillar...

Correspondence to Julia Luz.

Author information : 3D-evaluation of the maxillar...

Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Julia Luz, Dominique Greutmann, Claudio Rostetter, Martin Rücker & Bernd Stadlinger Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Daniel Wiedemeier You can also search for this author in PubMed Google...

References : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus ...

Ariji Y, Ariji E, Yoshiura K, Kanda S. Computed tomographic indices for maxillary sinus size in comparison with the sinus volume. Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology. 1996;25(1):19–24. Uchida Y, Goto M, Katsuki T, Akiyoshi T. A cadaveric study of maxillary sinus size as an aid in bone grafting of the maxillary sinus floor. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1998;56(10):1158–63. Uchida Y, Goto M, Katsuki T, ...

References : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus ...

Lee KC, Lee SJ. Clinical features and treatments of odontogenic sinusitis. Yonsei Med J. 2010;51(6):932–7. Brook I. Sinusitis of odontogenic origin. Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery. 2006;135(3):349–55. Nunes CA, Guedes OA, Alencar AH, Peters OA, Estrela CR, Estrela C. Evaluation of periapical lesions and their association with maxillary sinus abnormalities on cone-beam computed tomographic ...

References : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus ...

Mozzo P, Procacci C, Tacconi A, Martini PT, Andreis IAB. A new volumetric CT machine for dental imaging based on the cone-beam technique: preliminary results. Eur Radiol. 1998;8(9):1558–64. Price JB, Thaw KL, Tyndall DA, Ludlow JB, Padilla RJ. Incidental findings from cone beam computed tomography of the maxillofacial region: a descriptive retrospective study. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012;23(11...

Conclusions : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus...

The present study showed the volume software to be a suitable tool for the measurement of the dimensions of the maxillary sinus. The results show that the osseus volume of the maxillary sinus varies on the base of gender and that the obliterated volume varies on the base of a present pathology. No statistically significant association between the patient’s age and the sinus volume or a present s...

Discussion : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus ...

Velasco-Torres et al. [19] showed a larger sinus volume for dentate patients compared to edentulous and partially edentulous patients. This may be explained through the loss of posterior teeth in the maxilla, leading to the reduction of mechanical stimulation of the maxillary sinus. As a consequence, the sinus could expand (pneumatization) due to increased pressure and ostoclastic activity of the ...

Discussion : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus ...

The aim of this study was to analyze volume parameters of the maxillary sinus based on CBCT data. Further, neighboring anatomical structures and related pathologies were recorded. Overall, the applied volume software used in this study allowed the calculation of the surface area and volume of maxillary sinuses. In clinics, the radiographic evaluation of the maxillary sinus is obligatory prior to ...

Results : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus in ...

No relationship was observed between a patient’s age and the presence of partial or complete obliteration of at least one maxillary sinus (Fig. 6, p = 0.92). Patient’s age and the mean osseus sinus volume were also not associated significantly (Fig. 7, p = 0.20). Both maxillary sinuses (osseus borders) of each patient were quite similar in size (mean difference between left and right...

Results : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus in ...

In total, 128 maxillary sinuses were analyzed. The mean surface area was found to be 39.7 cm2 and the mean volume 17.1 cm3. The mean surface area of the remaining pneumatized cavities of obliterated sinuses was found to be 36.4 cm2 and the mean volume 15 cm3 (Table 1). 42.2% of all sinuses showed an obliteration, and the mean volume of the obliterated sinuses was 5.1 cm3. If there was an obl...

Methods : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus in ...

Patient-specific variables like gender, date of birth, and date of CBCT were recorded. The date of the CBCT image was further divided into either being in autumn/winter (1 January 2013–19 March 2013; 22 September 2013–31 December 2013) or spring/summer (20 March 2013–21 September 2013). The maxillary sinus was classified into obliterated or nonobliterated. It was also documented if there was...

Methods : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus in ...

In the present study, 64 CBCT images (128 maxillary sinuses), taken between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2013 at the Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery at the University of Zurich, were included. The inclusion criterion of each CBCT scan was the presence of two complete maxillary sinuses; the osseus borders of both sinuses had to be entirely visible. The scans were performed us...

Background : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus ...

The precise assessment of the maxillary sinus is important in oral and maxillofacial surgery in cases of traumatology, sinusitis, and dental implantology. After the introduction of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in dental medicine in 1998 [1], the number of clinicians using CBCTs increased constantly. Whereas in 2004, there were only three CBCTs registered in Switzerland, the current number ...

Abstract : 3D-evaluation of the maxillary sinus in...

There are few studies measuring the dimensions of the maxillary sinus, being mostly based on computed tomography imaging and rarely being based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The aim of this study was to measure the 3D osseous and soft tissue defined volume and surface area of the maxillary sinus. Further, possible associations with patient-specific and sinus-related variables were evalu...

Fig. 7. Box and Whisker plot representing median a...

Fig. 7. Box and Whisker plot representing median and range values of membrane thicknesses with different morphologies Fig. 7. Box and Whisker plot representing median and range values of membrane thicknesses with different morphologies

Fig. 6. Box plot representing mean values of membr...

Fig. 6. Box plot representing mean values of membrane thicknesses for the investigated groups Fig. 6. Box plot representing mean values of membrane thicknesses for the investigated groups

Fig. 5. Endoscopic view from the crestal osteotomy...

Fig. 5. Endoscopic view from the crestal osteotomy site showing perforation of the sinus lining under the power of magnification and illumination of the endoscope Fig. 5. Endoscopic view from the crestal osteotomy site showing perforation of the sinus lining under the power of magnification and illumination of the endoscope

Fig. 4. Schematic drawing showing entrance of the ...

Fig. 4. Schematic drawing showing entrance of the endoscope from the crestal osteotomy site after sinus membrane elevation to assess the integrity of the membrane Fig. 4. Schematic drawing showing entrance of the endoscope from the crestal osteotomy site after sinus membrane elevation to assess the integrity of the membrane

Fig. 3. Endoscopic view from the lateral sinus wal...

Fig. 3. Endoscopic view from the lateral sinus wall showing the dome-shape elevation of sinus lining Fig. 3. Endoscopic view from the lateral sinus wall showing the dome-shape elevation of sinus lining

Fig. 2. Malleting instruments supplied from InnoBi...

Fig. 2. Malleting instruments supplied from InnoBioSurg (IBS) Company, Korea. a magic sinus splitter: used to widen and split the crest. b magic sinus lifter: used to lift the available bone with its attached membrane Fig. 2. Malleting instruments supplied from InnoBioSurg (IBS) Company, Korea. a magic sinus splitter: used to widen and split the crest. b magic sinus lifter: used to lift the a...

Fig. 1. A trephined hole (4 mm bone) in the later...

Fig. 1. A trephined hole (4 mm bone) in the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus to allow entrance of the endoscope Fig. 1. A trephined hole (4 mm bone) in the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus to allow entrance of the endoscope

Table 4 Chi square test showing perforation rate b...

Morphology No perforation Perforation P value No. (%) No. (%) Flat (n = 4) ...

Table 3 Descriptive statistics, results of Kruskal...

Morphology Mean ± SD (mm) Median (range) P value Perforation rate (%) Flat (n = 4) ...

Table 2 Chi square test showing perforation rate a...

Group No perforation Perforation P value No. (%) No. (%) Group (A) ...

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of membrane thickne...

Group Membrane thickness Mean ± SD (mm) Median (range) Percentage (%) (from total) Perforation rate (%...

About this article : Crestal endoscopic approach f...

Elian, S., Barakat, K. Crestal endoscopic approach for evaluating sinus membrane elevation technique. Int J Implant Dent 4, 15 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0126-6 Download citation Received: 08 November 2017 Accepted: 20 March 2018 Published: 17 May 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0126-6

Rights and permissions : Crestal endoscopic approa...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : Crestal endoscopic approach ...

Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University ethics committee approved the study. All patients gave the consent to participate in the surgery. All patients approved for publications. The authors Samy Elian and Khaled Barakat declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Crestal endoscopic approach f...

Faculty of Dentistry, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland Samy Elian Faculty of Dental Surgery, Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland Samy Elian Dentistry Department, Sohag University Hospital, Sohag, Egypt Samy Elian Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Minya University, Minya, Egypt Khaled Barakat You c...

Acknowledgements : Crestal endoscopic approach for...

We would like to express our gratitude to Ass. Prof. Hamed Gad for his clinical collaboration. This research was carried out without funding. The data supporting our findings can be requested for free at any time.

References : Crestal endoscopic approach for evalu...

Berengo M, Sivolella S, Majzoub Z, Cordioli G. Endoscopic evaluation of the bone-added osteotome sinus floor elevation procedure. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004;33(2):189–94. Nkenke E, Schlegel A, Schultze-Mosgau S, Neukam FW, Wiltfang J. The endoscopically controlled osteotome sinus floor elevation: a preliminary prospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2002;17(4):557–66. Nahlie...

References : Crestal endoscopic approach for evalu...

Summers RB. A new concept in maxillary implant surgery: the osteotome technique. Compendium. 1994;15(2):152. 54-6, 58 passim; quiz 62 Zitzmann NU, Scharer P. Sinus elevation procedures in the resorbed posterior maxilla. Comparison of the crestal and lateral approaches. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1998;85(1):8–17. Ardekian L, Oved-Peleg E, Mactei EE, Peled M. The clinical ...

Discussion : Crestal endoscopic approach for evalu...

Crestal sinus lifting technique is a simple less invasive procedure. Nevertheless, it suffers a serious disadvantage of being a blind technique. Thus, perforation can easily occur without being detected which will lead to later implant failure especially when bone graft is added [1, 12,13,14]. We used endoscopic-assisted evaluation as a dependable method to assess the safety of the Schneiderian me...

Results : Crestal endoscopic approach for evaluati...

On the other hand, assessing the effect of membrane morphology pattern on the perforation risk revealed that the polyp type has the lowest risk of perforation, whereas the irregular type represents the most insecure pattern. There was a relation between different membrane morphology and perforation.

Results : Crestal endoscopic approach for evaluati...

All patients tolerated the procedure without major complications. Minor complications included postoperative swelling, edema, and pain that were managed by antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drugs. All implants were successfully osseo-integrated and loaded after about 6 months. The floor was lifted without perforation in 83.33% of cases. The lifter was able to raise and stretch the sinus membrane ...

Patients and methods : Crestal endoscopic approach...

After completing the elevation of the Schneiderian membrane, the endoscope (70° lens) was removed from the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus and re-inserted (with 0°) from the crestal osteotomy site of the implant (Fig. 4) to check the integrity of the Schneiderian membrane, as well as to ensure the absence of any undetected minor perforation (Fig. 5). The implant was finally inserted in the...

Patients and methods : Crestal endoscopic approach...

Twelve patients (4 males and 8 females) ranging in age from 25 to 60 years were included in the study. All patients have bone height ranging 3–5 mm below the sinus membrane. They all performed closed sinus lifting and simultaneous immediate implant insertion. Under local anesthesia, the flap was elevated and retracted exposing the crestal and buccal bone. A trephine bur 4 mm diameter on hand...

Introduction : Crestal endoscopic approach for eva...

The evolution of closed sinus lift techniques since 1994 [1] was proposed as a less invasive method for management of atrophic posterior maxillae [2]. However, it is a blind technique that lacks the ability to confirm an intact sinus floor elevation without perforation and thus represented a real shortcoming [3]. Various forms of osteotome lifters were designed to guarantee safe elevation of maxil...

Fig. 1. Treatment strategies for OAF closure : Sur...

Fig. 1. Treatment strategies for OAF closure Fig. 1. Treatment strategies for OAF closure

Table 1 Studies on surgical techniques for closure...

Author year No. of participants Method Autogenous soft tissue flaps  Lin et al. 1991 16 ...

About this article : Surgical options in oroantral...

Parvini, P., Obreja, K., Sader, R. et al. Surgical options in oroantral fistula management: a narrative review. Int J Implant Dent 4, 40 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0152-4 Download citation Received: 14 August 2018 Accepted: 02 November 2018 Published: 27 December 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0152-4

Rights and permissions : Surgical options in oroan...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : Surgical options in oroantra...

Not applicable. Not applicable. Puria Parvini, Karina Obreja, Robert Sader, Jürgen Becker, Frank Schwarz, and Loutfi Salti declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Surgical options in oroantral...

Correspondence to Karina Obreja.

Author information : Surgical options in oroantral...

Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany Puria Parvini, Karina Obreja, Frank Schwarz & Loutfi Salti Department for Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Medical Center of the Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Robert Sader Department of Oral Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf,...

Acknowledgements : Surgical options in oroantral f...

Not applicable No funding to declare. All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

References : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

Waldrop TC, Semba SE. Closure of oroantral communication using guided tissue regeneration and an absorbable gelatin membrane. J Periodontol. 1993;64:1061–6. Götzfried HF, Kaduk B. Okklusion der Mund-Antrum-Verbindung durch eine: alkoholische Prolaminelösung; Tierexperimentelle Studie und erste klinische Erfahrungen. Dtsch Z Mund Kiefer Gesichts Chir. 1985;9:390. Grzesiak-Janas G, Janas A. Co...

References : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

Shaker MA, Hindy AM, Mounir RM, Geaisa KM. Competent closure of chronic oroantral fistula with Zenoderm. Egypt Dent J. 1995;41:1237–42. Ogunsalu C. A new surgical management for oro-antral communication: the resorbable guided tissue regeneration membrane—bone substitute sandwich technique. West Indian Med J. 2005;54:261–3. Goldman EH, Stratigos GT, Arthur AL. Treatment of oroantral fistula...

References : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

Joshi A, Kostakis GC. An investigation of post-operative morbidity following iliac crest graft harvesting. Br Dent J. 2004;196:167–71. Misch CM. Harvesting of ramus bone in conjunction with third molar removal for onlay grafting before placement of dental implants. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1999;57:1376–9. Nkenke E, Radespiel-Tröger M, Wiltfang J, Schultze-Mosgau S, Winkler G, Neukam FW. Morb...

References : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

El-Hakim IE, El-Fakharany AM. The use of the pedicled buccal fat pad (BFP) and palatal rotating flaps in closure of oroantral communication and palatal defects. J Laryngol Otol. 1999;113:834–8. Singh J, Prasad K, Lalitha RM, Ranganath K. Buccal pad of fat and its applications in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a review of published literature (February) 2004 to (July) 2009. Oral Surg Oral Med O...

References : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

Awang MN. Closure of oroantral fistula. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1988;17:110–5. Hynes W. Fistula in the hard palate following cleft surgery. Br J Plast Surg. 1957:377–84. Genden EM, Lee BB, Urken ML. The palatal island flap for reconstruction of palatal and retromolar trigone defects revisited. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001;127(7):837–41. Salins PC, Kishore SK. Anteriorly based...

References : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

Yilmaz T, Suslu AE, Gursel B. Treatment of oroantral fistula: experience with 27 cases. Am J Otolaryngol. 2003;24:221–3. Borgonovo AE, Berardinelli FV, Favale M, Maiorana C. Surgical options in oroantral fistula treatment. Open Dent J. 2012;6:94–8. Güven O. A clinical study on oroantral fistulae. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 1998;26:267–71. Amaratunga NADES. Oro-antral fistulae- a study of c...

Abbreviations : Surgical options in oroantral fist...

Buccal fat pad Bone graft transplantation Connective tissue grafts Free mucosal graft Guided tissue regeneration Oroantral fistula Platelet-rich fibrin

Summary and conclusion : Surgical options in oroan...

By reviewing the literature, we can conclude that in selecting the surgical approach to close an oroantral fistula, different parameters have to be taken into account, including location and size of fistula as well as its relationship to the adjacent teeth, height of the alveolar ridge, persistence, sinus inflammation and the general health of the patient. A small oroantral fistula of less than 5...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Logan and Coates described a procedure that provided closure of OAF in immunocompromised patients [74]. The oroantral fistula was de-epithelialized under local anesthesia, and the patient wore an acrylic surgical splint continuously for an 8-week period. The acrylic surgical splint covered the fistula and the edentulous area including the hard palate. The investigators reported complete healing o...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Use of guided tissue regeneration has been documented by Waldrop and Semba [71]. This method uses an absorbable gelatin membrane, allogenic bone graft material, and a nonresorbable expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane. After flap reflection, an absorbable gelatin membrane is placed over the OAF with its edges on the bony margins of the perforation, which serve as a barrier for the bon...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

The use of a bioabsorbable root analog made of β-tricalcium phosphate for closure of oroantral fistulas was proposed by Thoma et al. [68]. The root replicas were fabricated chair side, using a mold of the extracted tooth [10]. The investigators reported that the healing was uneventful. However, fragmentary roots or overly large defects prevent replica fabrication or accurate fitting of the analog...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Polymethylmethacrylate has been introduced as an alternative technique for closing OAFs [64]. After 24 h of immersion in a sterilizing solution, the polymethylmethacrylate plate is placed over the defect. Mucoperiosteal flaps are then replaced without attempting to cover the acrylic plate. The polymethylmethacrylate plate is removed as soon as the edges become exposed. One of the common disadvant...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Various synthetic materials have been used for OAF closures. Use of gold foil and gold plate for the closure of OAFs was reported for the first time by Goldman and Salman, respectively [59, 60]. It is a simplified technique for the closure of oroantral fistulas. The technique consists of elevating the mucoperiosteum to expose the bony margins of the fistula. Then, the opening is covered with an ov...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Multiple techniques have been described for the closure of OAFs using lyophilized fibrin glue of human origin [53]. In this technique, the fibrin glue is prepared and injected into the socket, together with the collagen sheet. Stajčić et al. stressed the importance of inserting the syringe above the floor of the antrum to protect the clot from airflow [53]. The technique is simple with few posto...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

An autogenous bone graft and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane as a treatment strategy for closure of OAF has also been proposed [50]. PRF is a product of centrifuged blood. The biochemical components of PRF are well-known as factors acting synergistically in the healing process. This includes platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), whose components are the reason why PRF has anti-inflammatory pr...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Recently, auricular cartilage graft has been used for the closure of OAFs. A full-thickness flap is raised at the defect site [47]. A semicircular incision is then made posteriorly over the conchal cartilage. The conchal cartilage with overlying perichondrium is exposed with a blunt dissection. The harvested auricular graft is then adapted on the defect site and sutured with the surrounding tissue...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

A retromolar bone graft is a viable procedure for OAF closure. However, harvesting of a retromolar bone can occasionally be combined with removal of the third molar, which may affect acceptance of the procedure by patients [44]. When compared to chin bone grafts, the significant disadvantage of the retromolar donor area is the confined amount of bone available [45]. The incision is made medial to ...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

The tongue is an excellent donor site for soft tissue defects of the oral cavity, due to its pliability, position, and abundant vascularity. Tongue flaps can be created from the ventral, dorsal, or lateral part of the tongue [36]. The surgical design of the flap is dictated by the location of the defect. A lateral tongue flap has been described as a suitable method for the closure of large OAF [37...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Free mucosal grafts (FMG) or connective tissue grafts (CTG) are suitable for the closure of small to moderate size defects in the premolar area as well as small to medium size-persistent defects. In contrast to the techniques described so far, the harvested grafts are not directly vascularized. The flap initially receives its nutrients within the first three postoperative days by diffusion alone, ...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

The palatal straight advancement flap is of limited use due to the inelastic nature of the palatal tissue, which reduces its lateral mobility. For the same reason, it is suitable for the closure of minor palatal or alveolar defects [17]. The palatal hinged flap has been used successfully to close small fistula of the hard palate, i.e., those less than 2 cm in diameter in a one-stage operation [1...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

Môczáir [14] described closing alveolar fistulas by the buccal sliding flap, shifting the flap one tooth distally. This technique produces only a negligible change in the depth of the buccal vestibule. A drawback of this approach is that it requires a large amount of dentogingival detachment in order to facilitate the shift, which may result in gingival recession and periodontal disease. The fi...

Materials and methods : Surgical options in oroant...

A narrative literature review of articles and case reports for oroantral fistula has been conducted in the PubMed databases of published English literature. Articles published until April 2018 were reviewed. In addition to 262 articles on the closure of oroantral, 4 articles on the closure of antrooral fistula in humans, and 5 articles in animals, citations were referenced to identify further rele...

Background : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

Radiologically, in the computed tomography (CT) or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), the oroantral fistula might show as sinus floor discontinuity, opacification of the sinus, or communication between the oral cavity and the sinus. In addition, focal alveolar atrophy and associated periodontal disease may be observed [6]. In chronic OAF, there is generalized mucosal thickening. Recent studies ...

Background : Surgical options in oroantral fistula...

An oroantral fistula (OAF) can be defined as an epithelialized pathological unnatural communication between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus [1]. The term oroantral fistula is used to indicate a canal lined by epithelium that may be filled with granulation tissue or polyposis of the sinus membrane [2]. They can arise as late sequelae from perforation and last at least 48–72 h. An oroantr...

Fig. 4. Vestibular view of contralateral lateral i...

Fig. 4. Vestibular view of contralateral lateral incisor Fig. 4. Vestibular view of contralateral lateral incisor

Fig. 3. Vestibular view of right lateral implant s...

Fig. 3. Vestibular view of right lateral implant supported crown Fig. 3. Vestibular view of right lateral implant supported crown

Fig. 2. Probing of the peri-implant sulcus : Esthe...

Fig. 2. Probing of the peri-implant sulcus Fig. 2. Probing of the peri-implant sulcus

Fig. 1. a Pre-operative panoramic radiograph of th...

Fig. 1. a Pre-operative panoramic radiograph of the patient, (b) abutment in place, following the osseointegration period, (c) periapical radiograph at 1-year follow up, (d) final restoration at 1-year follow up, and (e) smile line Fig. 1. a Pre-operative panoramic radiograph of the patient, (b) abutment in place, following the osseointegration period, (c) periapical radiograph at 1-year foll...

Table 6 Spearman’s correlation test between smil...

  Smile line VAS Smile line Correlation coefficient 1 − .699a ...

Table 5 PES of patients with different smile lines...

PES result Smile line Low (n = 4) Medium (n = 10) High (n = 5) Poor (0–...

Table 4 Spearman’s correlation test between VAS ...

  PES WES VAS Spearman’s rho VAS Correlation coefficient ...

Table 3 Detailed results of pink and white estheti...

  Esthetic score 0 1 2 PES  Mesial papilla ...

Table 2 Esthetic scores, sub-classification of the...

  Number of patients Percentage Pink esthetic score  Poor (0–7) 2 10.5% ...

Table 1 Clinical features of the implants (Of: Est...

Implant site Biotype Smile line Placement timing PES WES ...

About this article : Esthetic evaluation of implan...

Altay, M.A., Sindel, A., Tezerişener, H.A. et al. Esthetic evaluation of implant-supported single crowns: a comparison of objective and patient-reported outcomes. Int J Implant Dent 5, 2 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0153-3 Download citation Received: 25 July 2018 Accepted: 09 December 2018 Published: 07 January 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-018-0...

Rights and permissions : Esthetic evaluation of im...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : Esthetic evaluation of impla...

This study was approved by the Akdeniz University Ethical Review Board. All participants consented to publish their information details. Dr. Altay has provided consultancy for Checkpoint Surgical LLC in 2014. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Esthetic evaluation of implan...

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Dumlupinar Boulevard, Campus, 07058, Antalya, Turkey Mehmet Ali Altay, Alper Sindel, Hüseyin Alican Tezerişener & Nelli Yıldırımyan Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey Mehmet Mustafa Özarslan You can also search for this author in ...

Acknowledgements : Esthetic evaluation of implant-...

Not applicable. This study was conducted without external funding. All data generated and analyzed during this study are included in this article.

References : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

Jivraj S, Chee W. Treatment planning of implants in the aesthetic zone. British Dental J. 2006;201(2):77–89. Buser D, Martin W, Belser UC. Optimizing esthetics for implant restorations in the anterior maxilla: anatomic and surgical considerations. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2004;19:43–61. Huynh-Ba G, Meister DJ, Hoders AB, Mealey BL, Mills MP, Oates TW, Cochran DL, Prihoda TJ, McMahan C...

References : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

Hof M, Umar N, Budas N, Seemann R, Pommer B, Zechner W. Evaluation of implant esthetics using eight objective indices-comparative analysis of reliability and validity. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2018;29(7):697–706. Li X, Wu B, Cheng X, Li Y, Xie X, Deng F. Esthetic evaluation of implant-supported single crowns: the implant restoration esthetic index and patient perception. J Prosthodont. 2017. htt...

References : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

Rokn A, Bassir S, Ghahroudi AR, Kharazifard M, Manesheof R. Long-term stability of soft tissue esthetic outcomes following conventional single implant treatment in the anterior maxilla: 10-12 year results. Open Dent. 2016;10:602. Angkaew C, Serichetaphongse P, Krisdapong S, Dart MM, Pimkhaokham A. Oral health-related quality of life and esthetic outcome in single anterior maxillary implants. Clin...

Abbreviations : Esthetic evaluation of implant-sup...

Pink esthetic score Standard deviation Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Visual analogue scale White esthetic score

Conclusions : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppo...

Professionally reported esthetic outcomes (PES and WES results) may not significantly correlate with patient-reported outcomes, although they are helpful in monitorization of implants in the anterior zone during follow-ups. This study reveals that smile line is a significant factor in patient satisfaction, which should be evaluated thoroughly prior to implant placement in the anterior maxilla.

Discussion : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

Only a limited number of studies compared esthetic outcomes of implants placed using different protocols [3, 25, 26]. A majority of these studies compared the results of immediate implant placement (type 1) with other protocols. Huynh-Ba et al. found no difference in terms of esthetics between type 1 and type 2 implant placement [25]. Similarly, Boardman et al. observed higher PES results followin...

Discussion : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

In the present study, only two implants in patients with thin gingival biotypes failed to reach the clinically acceptable PES level. All other patients with both thick and thin biotypes achieved either acceptable or almost perfect scores for both PES and WES. According to the results of Angkaew et al., the PES/WES scores of patients with thick gingival biotype were significantly higher than those ...

Discussion : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

Ever since the introduction of dental implants in the 1960s, they have been used worldwide with high success rates and accepted predictability [13]. Initial efforts of implant treatment mainly focused on osseointegration and function, whereas today, esthetics is also regarded as an essential component, which is commonly addressed together with functional goals of rehabilitation with dental implant...

Results : Esthetic evaluation of implant-supported...

All implants were loaded 3–6 months after implant surgery (conventional loading protocol); therefore, this parameter was not analyzed in this study. The overall effect of gingival biotype and smile line on PES, WES, or VAS was studied using a general linear regression analysis for multivariate tests. Although both PES and WES were not affected (p = 0.580, p = 303; respectively), VAS wa...

Results : Esthetic evaluation of implant-supported...

Question4. “How do you feel about the color of the gum that is around your new implant tooth?” Mean patient rating was calculated as 8.4 (range 2–10, SD ± 2.0). Median score was 9. Fifteen patients responded with a score of ≥ 8 and 17 patients responded with a score of ≥ 6. Question5. “What is your overall satisfaction with the new implant tooth?” Mean patient rating was ca...

Results : Esthetic evaluation of implant-supported...

A total of 19 (7 female and 12 male) patients, who were rehabilitated with a single implant in the anterior maxilla, were included in this study. Patients’ ages ranged between 19 and 42 with a mean of 31.8 years. None of the implants were associated with increased probing depth, bleeding, suppuration, foreign body sensation, pain, morbidity, or infection. Clinical features related to anterior s...

Methods : Esthetic evaluation of implant-supported...

All patients were assessed according to the White Esthetic Score [8] which comprised the evaluation of five variables including general tooth form, tooth contour, tooth color (hue and value), surface texture, and translucence. Each variable was given a score of 0, 1, or 2. A score of 0 indicated the worst and a score of 2 indicated the best result for each variable. The implant-supported tooth was...

Methods : Esthetic evaluation of implant-supported...

This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki on medical protocol and was approved by the Akdeniz University Ethical Review Board. The patients rehabilitated with a single implant-supported fixed prosthesis in the maxillary esthetic zone at the departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Prosthetic Dentistry of Akdeniz University between June 2015 and April 2017 we...

Background : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

Patient satisfaction, which indicates the success of the implant treatment from the patient’s perspective, is another important outcome measure and is commonly performed with questionnaires or a visual analog scale (VAS) [2, 8]. A current review of the literature, however, reveals only a limited number of studies reporting on patient-centered outcomes in addition to objective evaluations of impl...

Background : Esthetic evaluation of implant-suppor...

Rehabilitation of missing teeth in the anterior maxilla with an implant-supported fixed prosthesis is a widely accepted treatment modality [1]. Dental implants have high rates of predictability in terms of osseointegration, particularly due to improvements in treatment techniques and surface topography [2]. However, rehabilitation with dental implants is not yet considered a perfect treatment moda...

Abstract : Esthetic evaluation of implant-supporte...

This study investigated objective and patient-reported esthetic outcomes and their correlation for single-tooth implant restorations in the maxillary anterior region. Nineteen patients were included. Gingival biotypes and smile lines were evaluated. Esthetic evaluation was performed according to the pink and white esthetic scores (PES and WES). Patients rated their satisfaction regarding the impl...

Fig. 4. Statistical analysis for different variabl...

Fig. 4. Statistical analysis for different variables. a Weighted mean survival rate. b Implant survival rate according to degree of penetration. c Analysis of clinical complications. d Analysis of radiographic complications Fig. 4. Statistical analysis for different variables. a Weighted mean survival rate. b Implant survival rate according to degree of penetration. c Analysis of clinical com...

Fig. 3. Graphic representation of group 1 ≤ 4...

Fig. 3. Graphic representation of group 1 ≤ 4 mm penetration and group 2 > 4 mm penetrations Fig. 3. Graphic representation of group 1 ≤ 4 mm penetration and group 2 > 4 mm penetrations

Fig. 1. Graphic representation of implants intrudi...

Fig. 1. Graphic representation of implants intruding sinus perforating or not the Schneiderian membrane Fig. 1. Graphic representation of implants intruding sinus perforating or not the Schneiderian membrane

Fig. 2. PRISMA flowchart of the screening process ...

Fig. 2. PRISMA flowchart of the screening process Fig. 2. PRISMA flowchart of the screening process

Table 3 Articles excluded and reasons for exclusio...

Reason for exclusion Investigations Study design (case series or case report) Kim et al. (2017), Hatano et al. (2007) Different grafting techn...

Table 2 Characteristics of the included investigat...

Author (year) Study design Follow-up (months) N of patients N of implants Smokers Le...

Table 1 Clinical and radiographic complications re...

Clinical complications Radiographic complications Sinusitis Thickening of Schneiderian membrane Nasal bleeding, nasal obstruction, nasal secre...

About this article : Influence of exposing dental ...

Ragucci, G.M., Elnayef, B., Suárez-López del Amo, F. et al. Influence of exposing dental implants into the sinus cavity on survival and complications rate: a systematic review. Int J Implant Dent 5, 6 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40729-019-0157-7 Download citation Received: 09 October 2018 Accepted: 06 January 2019 Published: 05 February 2019 DOI: https://doi.org/10...

Rights and permissions : Influence of exposing den...

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were m...

Ethics declarations : Influence of exposing dental...

Not applicable Not applicable Gian Maria Ragucci, Basel Elnayef, Fernando Suárez López del Amo, Hom-Lay Wang, Federico Hernández-Alfaro, and Jordi Gargallo-Albiol declare that they have no competing interests. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Author information : Influence of exposing dental ...

Correspondence to Basel Elnayef.

Author information : Influence of exposing dental ...

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, International University of Catalonia, C/Josep Trueta Sn, Sant Cugat del Vallés, C.P 08195, Barcelona, Spain Gian Maria Ragucci, Basel Elnayef, Federico Hernández-Alfaro & Jordi Gargallo-Albiol Department of Periodontics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center – College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, OK, USA Fernando Suárez-López del ...

Acknowledgements : Influence of exposing dental im...

The authors want to thank Mr Juan Luis Gómez Martínez for the support in the statistical analysis. Not applicable Not applicable The authors do not have any financial interests, either directly or indirectly, in the products or information listed in the paper.

References : Influence of exposing dental implants...

Schwarz L, Schiebel V, Hof M, Ulm C, Watzek G, Pommer B. Risk factors of membrane perforation and postoperative complications in sinus floor elevation surgery: review of 407 augmentation procedures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015;73:1275–82. Jung JA, Choi BH, Zhu SJ, Lee SH, Huh JY, You TM, Lee HJ, Li J. The effects of exposing dental implants to the maxillary sinus cavity on sinus complications....

References : Influence of exposing dental implants...

Ardekian L, Oved-Peleg E, Mactei EE, Peled M. The clinical significance of sinus membrane perforation during augmentation of the maxillary sinus. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2006 Feb;64(2):277–82. Anavi Y, Allon DM, Avishai G, Calderon S. Complications of maxillary sinus augmentations in a selective series of patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Patho Oral RadiolEndod. 2008;106(1):34–8. Van den Ber...

References : Influence of exposing dental implants...

Curi MM, Cardoso CL, de Ribeiro C. Retrospective study of pterygoid implants in the atrophic posterior maxilla: implant and prosthesis survival rates up to 3 years. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2015;30(2):378–83. Boyne PJ, James RA. Grafting of the maxillary sinus floor with autogenous marrow and bone. J Oral Surg. 1980;38(8):613–6. Tatum H.Jr. Maxillary and sinus implant reconstructions....

References : Influence of exposing dental implants...

Roccuzzo M, Bonino L, Dalmasso P, Aglietta M. Long-term results of a three arms prospective cohort study on implants in periodontally compromised patients: 10-year data around sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) surface. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014;25(10):1105–12. Esposito M, Grusovin MG, Rees J, Karasoulos D, Felice P, Alissa R, Worthington H, Coulthard P. Effectiveness of sinus lift procedures...

Conclusions : Influence of exposing dental implant...

The current review showed that the exposure of dental implants in the sinus cavity without the augmentation procedure or graft materials shows a high survival rate of 95.6%, without statistically significant differences according to the level of penetration (lower or higher to 4 mm). Changes in maxillary sinuses in relation to protruding implants within the sinus cavity do not statically affect ...

Discussion : Influence of exposing dental implants...

Consequently, it seems that maxillary sinus changes in relation to protruded implants inside the sinus cavity and does not statically affect to implant survival rate neither to clinical nor radiographic complications. Several limitations could be described for the present review. Firstly, there is a lack of a control group in the included studies, to compare outcomes and complications, with impla...

Discussion : Influence of exposing dental implants...

Pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and resorption of the residual alveolar ridge following tooth extraction can compromise the dental implant placement. Similarly, extension of the dental implants inside the maxillary sinus cavity is not rare. Some studies have observed some differences in relation to the depth of the implant extension inside the sinus cavity. When the implants penetrate inside...

Results : Influence of exposing dental implants in...

Seven studies [27,28,29,30,31,32,33] provide information on clinical complications with a global sample of 232 patients. Clinical complications among the different authors range from 0 to 14.3%, being the weighted mean complication rate 3.4% with an IC 95% [0 7.5] (Fig. 4c) Clinical complications analyzed in the studies were sinusitis, nasal bleeding, nasal obstruction, nasal secretion, mucopurul...

Results : Influence of exposing dental implants in...

An initial screening yielded a total of 3551 publications of which 26 potentially relevant articles were selected after an evaluation of their titles and abstracts. Full text of these articles was obtained and evaluated thoroughly. Of these, eight articles [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33] (Table 2) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and subsequently were included in the qualitative analysis (Fig. 2). Rea...

Materials and methods : Influence of exposing dent...

Heterogeneity was assessed based on calculation of the I2 statistic (percentage variability of estimated effect that can be attributed to the heterogeneity of the effects) and the null statistic test. Galbraith graphs displayed the degree of heterogeneity. In studies where great heterogeneity was detected, a sensitivity analysis was performed to determine its source. Funnel plots and the Egger tes...

Materials and methods : Influence of exposing dent...

Articles were included in this systematic review if they met the following inclusion criteria: human prospective or retrospective studies, reporting outcomes of implant placed perforating the sinus floor with implant burs, and without regenerative procedure (lateral sinus lift or transalveolar technique) and graft material. The intrusion into the sinus cavity can occur during drilling or implant p...

Materials and methods : Influence of exposing dent...

This systematic review and subsequent meta-analysis follow the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. The following focus question was developed: Is the intrusion of dental implants into the sinus cavity during implant drilling or implant placement, without regenerative procedure (lateral sinus lift or transalveolar technique) and graft material, has an effect on implant survival or increase clinica...

Introduction : Influence of exposing dental implan...

Intrusion of dental implants into the maxillary sinus perforating through the Schneiderian membrane is considered a cause of undesirable complications [24, 25]. However, this phenomenon has never been properly evaluated and systematically studied. For this reason, the aim of this systematic review was to assess the implant survival and complication rates of implants intruding into the sinus cavity...

Introduction : Influence of exposing dental implan...

The edentulous posterior maxillary region often presents with unique challenging conditions in implant dentistry [1]. Limited bone height secondary to pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and the resorption of the alveolar ridge preclude in many instances the installation of dental implants. To compensate for the lack of bone height, several treatment options have been proposed. The most conserv...

Abstract : Influence of exposing dental implants i...

The overall survival rate of the implants into the sinus cavity was 95.6%, without statistical differences according to the level of penetration. The clinical and radiological complications were 3.4% and 14.8% respectively. The most frequent clinical complication was the epistaxis, and the radiological complication was thickening of the Schneiderian membrane, without reaching statistical significa...

Abstract : Influence of exposing dental implants i...

After tooth loss, the posterior maxilla is usually characterized by limited bone height secondary to pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and/or collapse of the alveolar ridge that preclude in many instances the installation of dental implants. In order to compensate for the lack of bone height, several treatment options have been proposed. These treatment alternatives aimed at the installation o...

Table 3 Mean value and standard deviation for the ...

Item Mean ± SD pre-operative Mean ± SD post-operative Mean ± SD in the last time Have you felt pain in your mouth? 0.9 ± 1.1 1.2 ± 1.0 0.3 ± 0.6 Have you had difficulties with your mouth opening? 0.2 ± 0.6 0.5 ± 0.9 0.1 ± 1.0 Have you had painful gums? 0.9 ± 1.0 1.0 ± 1.1 0.5 ± 0.8 Have you had a ...

Table 2 Mean value and standard deviation

Item Mean ± SD before sinus lift Mean ± SD after sinus lift p value Have you felt tense because of problems with your teeth, mouth or dentures? 1.8 ± 1.1 0.8 ± 1.0

Table 1 Mean value and standard deviation

Item Mean ± SD before sinus lift Mean ± SD after sinus lift p value Have you had difficulty chewing any foods? 1.6 ± 1.2 0.4 ± 0.7

Figure 5. Total score for physical and psychologic...

  Figure 5. Total score for physical and psychological disabilities before (gray) and after (hatched) sinus augmentation according to indications

Figure 4. Total score for functional limitations b...

  Figure 4. Total score for functional limitations before (gray) and after (hatched) sinus augmentation according to indications

Figure 3. Total score for complaints

  Figure 3. Total score for complaints due to surgical procedure pre-operative, post-operative, and recently

Figure 2. Cumulative survival rate

  Figure 2. Cumulative survival rate according to Kaplan–Meier and sinus augmentation procedure  

Figure 1. Flow chart of patients included in the s...

Figure 1. Flow chart of patients included in the study Figure 1. Flow chart of patients included in the study

References : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

References Al-Nawas B, Schiegnitz E. Augmentation procedures using bone substitute materials or autogenous bone—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Oral Implantol. 2014 Summer;7 Suppl 2:S219-34. Derks J, Hakansson J, Wennstrom JL, Tomasi C, Larsson M, Berglundh T. Effectiveness of implant therapy analyzed in a Swedish population: early and late implant loss. J Dent Res. 2015;94(...

Discussion : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

  The authors concluded that in clinical decision-making regarding donor site for bone graft harvesting, patients and clinicians should consider expected decrease in HRQoL if deciding to use extra-oral donor sites. Therefore, the authors recommended to prefer intra-oral donor sites whenever possible. In a recent study of Nickenig et al., OHIP-G 21 was evaluated in 8689 patients with variou...

Discussion : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

In this prospective study, health-related quality of life questionnaire was given to 76 patients evaluating patient perception of recovery in the four areas pain, oral function, general activity, and other symptoms. The results showed that average and maximal pain peaked on post-operative day 1 and improved on post-operative days 4 and 5. Difficulty in mouth opening was greatest on pos...

Discussion : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

Discussion The clinical and radiological outcomes of sinus augmentation procedures have been published in several studies. However, little data on the physical and psychological impact of this procedure on the patient is available yet. The present study evaluated pre-operative and post-treatment OHRQoL self-assessment scores of patients treated with dental implants after sinus augmentation ...

Results : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation (...

In the subcategory physical and psychological disabilities, all questions had significant better values after the sinus lift (p 

Results : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation (...

Results Survival analysis After an average time in situ of 41.2 ± 27 months (3.4 years; range 0–96 months), 40 of the 863 implants were lost. These results indicated an in situ rate of 95.4%. One-year and five-year survival rate according to Kaplan–Meier were 95.4 and 94.4%. In patients receiving an external sinus lift an in situ rate of 95.1% and in patients with an internal sinus...

Methods : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation o...

Methods Study design and subjects This retrospective study addresses the oral health-related quality of life after maxillary sinus augmentation. Therefore, all patients that received an implantation after maxillary sinus augmentation in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Medical Centre Mainz, Germany, between July 2002 and December 2007 were included in this stu...

Background : Impact of maxillary sinus augmentatio...

Background Rehabilitation of completely and partial edentulous patients with dental implants has proved to be a safe and predictable procedure. However, reduced bone height and the proximity of the maxillary sinus are challenging limitations for dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla. Besides the use of short and tilted implants, one of the most frequently used surgical techniques fo...

Impact of maxillary sinus augmentation on oral hea...

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to measure the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) after maxillary sinus augmentation to determine the physical and psychological impact of this procedure for the patient. Methods Three hundred sixteen patients treated with an external or internal maxillary sinus augmentation and a total of 863 implants in the Department of Oral and Maxi...

Figure 3. Postoperative radiograph of the resected...

Figure 3. Postoperative radiograph of the resected dental implant in the right anterior maxilla

Figure 2. On radiological examination

  Figure 2. On radiological examination, it was confirmed that the dental implant had perforated the cortical bone of the right nasal floor

Figure 1. On anterior rhinoscopy, the apical part ...

  Figure 1. On anterior rhinoscopy, the apical part of the titanium dental implant in the right anterior maxilla was seen in the nasal floor close to the nasal septum

Discussion

Discussion Insertion of endosseous dental implants is usually associated with a low incidence of complications and excellent prognosis. However, physiologic changes following tooth loss may complicate or even impede insertion of dental implants in the upper jaw. Furthermore dental implants can only be inserted if there is sufficient bone for adequate stabilization. Therefore, in severely at...

Background & case presentation

Background Endosseous dental implants are commonly used to rehabilitate fully or partially edentulous patients. The insertion of such implants can in some cases cause complications, especially in the edentulous atrophic maxilla. In this paper, an unusual complication of altered nasal airflow after the placement of an endosseous dental implant in the maxilla is presented. Subsequent treatmen...

Altered nasal airflow: an unusual complication fol...

Altered nasal airflow: an unusual complication following implant surgery in the anterior maxilla Abstract Dental implants have been in routine clinical use for over three decades and are a predictable treatment modality. However, as with all other aspects of dentistry, complications occur. A 50-year-old female patient with complaints of a long ongoing unpleasant altered nasal airflow presented...

Table 1 Statistical analysis of individual paramet...

  Zygomatic implant group   Conventional implant group     Variable N Mean PD IC 95 % N Mean PD IC 95 % p Overall satisfaction 14 8.88 0.71 −1.17/−0.38 14 9.65 0.13 −1.19/−0.36 0.001 Stability 14 9.79 0.54 −0.50/0.09 14 10.00 0.00 −0.52/0.11 0.009 Ease of cleaning 14 5.82 1.99 −3.49/−1.14 14 8.15 0.78 −3....

Figure 8. Visual analog scale—evaluator version

Figure 8. Visual analog scale—evaluator version

Figure 7. Visual analog scale—patient version

  Figure 7. Visual analog scale—patient version

Figure 6. Zygomatic implant probing using a WHO pe...

  Figure 6. Zygomatic implant probing using a WHO periodontal probe

Figure 5. Coronal slice from the CBCT showing smal...

  Figure 5. Coronal slice from the CBCT showing small exteriorization of a zygomatic implant apex

Figure 4. Coronal slice from the CBCT showing impl...

  Figure 4. Coronal slice from the CBCT showing implant apical third inside the zygomatic bone

Figure 3. Panoramic radiograph showing bone level ...

Figure 3. Panoramic radiograph showing bone level maintenance around the conventional implants

Figure 2. Periapical radiographs using the paralle...

  Figure 2. Periapical radiographs using the parallelism technique. a Conventional implants—anterior. b Conventional implants—posterior

Figure 1. a Brånemark technique. b Sinus slot ...

Figure 1. a Brånemark technique. b Sinus slot technique. c Extrasinus technique

Reference : Evaluation of patients undergoing plac...

References Stievenart M, Malevez C. Rehabilitation of totally atrophied maxilla by means of four zygomatic implants and fixed prosthesis: a 6–40-month follow up. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;39:358–63. Van der Mark EL, Bierenbroodspot F, Baas EM, De Lange J. Reconstruction of an atrophic maxilla: comparison of two methods. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2011;49:198–202. Pelo S, Gasp...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

The prostheses supported by zygomatic implants have a special design due to the location and a more palatal emergence profile of the implants in position when compared to conventional implants. This situation can hinder the tongue position and hygiene of the prosthesis and interfere with function. Some studies conducted an assessment of the level of patient satisfaction on the prosthesis sup...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

Nakai et al. performed this exam 6 months following the placement of 15 zygomatic implants in nine patients and found an absence of signs and symptoms of sinusitis. Maló et al. evaluated the association between zygomatic implants and maxillary sinusitis using sinusoscopy on 14 patients and found no cases of infection or inflammation of the mucosa surrounding the implants, demonstrating that...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

Becktor et al. report that patients with oral-sinus communication may develop suppuration with or without sinusitis. In such cases, treatment consists of the administration of antibiotics and/or the repositioning of the soft tissue and maintenance of a stable zygomatic implant, with no reports of the recurrence of sinusitis. Brånemark found fistula in five patients both before and aft...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

Becktor et al. report that patients with oral-sinus communication may develop suppuration with or without sinusitis. In such cases, treatment consists of the administration of antibiotics and/or the repositioning of the soft tissue and maintenance of a stable zygomatic implant, with no reports of the recurrence of sinusitis. Brånemark found fistula in five patients both before and aft...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

Other studies have reported the presence of problems with oral tissue in the region of the zygomatic implants, including infection and swelling, usually associated with loss of implant apical osseointegration. Hirsch et al. have reported the presence of hyperplasia, mucositis, and infection in eight patients in a total of ten throughout the monitoring period. Although certain criteria to ev...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

Our study demonstrated the absence of pain as well as of pus or bleeding on probing and palpation for both zygomatic and conventional implants, with good bone level for conventional implants. No periimplant radiolucency was noted around the conventional implants and in the apical portion of the zygomatic implants. These findings are similar to the studies of Stiévenart and Malevez, Peñarro...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

As described by Hirsch et al., Aparicio et al., and Farzad et al., this criteria was assessed by periapical radiographs obtained by the parallelism technique combined with panoramic radiographs for conventional implants and CT scans for zygomatic implants. The bone loss was defined as a vertical change of bone level measured from the most inferior line of implant exposure. All previous studi...

Discussion : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

Discussion The morbidity caused by bone graft harvesting and the delay in the final treatment due to the time necessary for bone incorporation triggered the development of techniques without grafting as an option for the treatment of patients with edentulous jaws. Brånemark in 1998 developed a novel technique for placing implants in the zygomatic bone to treat severely atrophic maxilla wit...

Results : Evaluation of patients undergoing placem...

  Evaluation of the maxillary sinus health Among the 14 patients submitted to zygomatic implants, only three reported having had nasal obstruction in the weeks preceding the evaluation. One of these patients had a cold, and the other two reported having self-medicated with antihistamines 1 week prior to the evaluation, with the subsequent disappearance of nasal obstruction. Only one patient re...

Results : Evaluation of patients undergoing placem...

Results Of the 17 operated patients, 14 were included in the study and 2 were excluded for not having enough data in the chart and 1 for refusing to return for evaluation of sinus health, totalizing 27 zygomatic implants and 55 conventional implants in group I, without losing any implant, representing 100 % survival of implants placed. The minimum follow-up was 15 and the maximum was 53 month...

Methods : Evaluation of patients undergoing placem...

For patients with signs indicating maxillary sinusitis, a quality of life questionnaire was administered and video-assisted nasal fibroscopy was performed. The aim of the clinical exam was to investigate signs of sinusitis: (a) nasal obstruction, using a visual analog scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 10 points, on which the patient marked his/her degree of obstruction, with the examiner’s subseque...

Methods : Evaluation of patients undergoing placem...

A ruler template with the respective magnifications was used, considering 25 to 0 % for panoramic and periapical radiographs, respectively. Additionally, the radiographic criteria recommended by Buser et al. were included to determine the success of the implants. These criteria consist of the absence of persistent radiolucency around the implant. The zygomatic implants were assessed only to verify...

Methods : Evaluation of patients undergoing placem...

All patients were rehabilitated with Conexão® implants system. The inclusion criteria for group I were patients with severe maxillary resorption, classified as classes IV and V of Cawood and Howell (1988), receiving zygomatic implants using Stella and Warner’s technique, performed by the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department from the Rio Grande do Norte Federal University, and having full ...

Methods : Evaluation of patients undergoing placem...

The hypothesis of this study was to analyze if Stella and Warner’s technique have high survival rates and their rehabilitation have similar satisfaction when compared to total fixed prostheses with conventional implants. Radiographic evaluation Panoramic and periapical radiographs were obtained for conventional and zygomatic implants in group I (Figs. 2.a.b and 3). The purpose was to evaluate ...

Methods : Evaluation of patients undergoing placem...

Methods This retrospective cohort study was submitted and approved by the Hospital Research Ethics Committee, receiving the registration number 137/201. The sample consisted of 28 patients (21 females and 7 males), with age ranging from 46 to 63 years, and all of them have undergone either the placement of zygomatic implants using the Stella and Warner’s technique or conventional implants, ...

Background : Evaluation of patients undergoing pla...

Background The prosthodontic rehabilitation of patients with atrophic maxilla is a challenge for a clinician due to the severe compromise of masticatory function and speech with a significant quality of life impact. The poor bone volume found on these patients makes it difficult for conventional rehabilitation with fixed prosthesis and to insert dental implants. Different surgical techniques w...

Evaluation of patients undergoing placement of zyg...

Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate patients undergoing placement of zygomatic implants by Stella and Warner’s technique, considering the survival rate of conventional and zygomatic implants, and assess the health of the maxillary sinuses and the level of patient satisfaction. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 28 patients had received a combination of conventional an...

Table 7 Meta-regression—effect of surface and le...

Type III tests of fixed effects   Num Den     Effect DF DF F value P Surface 1 11 0.84 0.3787 Length 7 11 0.97 0.4951 Location 1 11 0.00 0.9868

Table 6 Heterogeneity statistics

Q P   2.7008 0.7460   I 2 ci− ci+ 0.00 % 0.00 % 74.62 % τ 2 ci− ci+ 0.0000 0.0000 0.0069

Table 5 Meta-analysis implant data—pooled analys...

Authors Number Success ci− ci+ Weight (%) Polizzi et al. 38 0.921 0.810 0.990 12.71 Friberg et al. 13 1.000 0.872 1.000 4.46 Tawil and Younan 109 0.945 0.893 0.981 36.14 Khayat et al. 111 0.946 0.895 0.982 36.80 Deporter et al. 14 1.000 0.881 1.000 4.79 Schincaglia et al. 15 1.000 0.888 1.000 5.12   300 0.963 0.9...

Table 4 Implants used in the maxilla and mandible

Study Implant surface Implant type No. of implants in maxilla (no. failed) No. of implants in mandible (no. failed) % survived in maxilla % survived in mandible Khayat et al. 2001 Acid-etched, uncoated Zimmer (Screw vent, Paragon) 49 (2) 62 (4) 95.9 93.5 Deporter et al. 2001 Sintered porous Endopore (Innova Corp) 0 14 (0) – 100 Schincaglia et al. 2008 ...

Table 3 Wide machined implants

Study Implant surface Implant type Implant length No. of implants No. failed % survived Polizzi et al. 2000 Machined Brånemark (Nobel Biocare) 7 2 0 100 8.5 8 1 87.5 10 15 1 93.3 11.5 13 1 92.3 Friberg et al. 2000 Machined Brånemark (Nobel Biocare) 6 13 0 100 Tawil and Younan 2003 Machined Brånemark (Nobel Biocare) 6 16 0 ...

Table 2 Wide surface-treated Implants

Study Implant surface Implant type Implant length No. of implants No. failed % survived Khayat et al. 2001 Acid-etched, uncoated Zimmer (Screw vent, Paragon) 8 29 2 93.1 10 45 4 91.1 13 28 0 100 16 15 0 100 Deporter et al. 2001 Sintered porous Endopore (Innova Corp) 7 14 0 100 Schincaglia et al. 2008 Ti-unite Mark III WP (Nobel B...

Table 1 Wide-diameter implants

Implant diameter (mm) Implant lengths No. of implants (total) Implant type Implant surface Prospective clinical study Placement follow-up/mean (range) Implant survival (%) Age range (years) 4.7 8, 10, 13, 16 117 Zimmer (Screw vent, Paragon) Acid-etched, uncoated Khayat et al. 2001 Healing 3–6 months plus 17 months loading (11–21 months) 95 – 5.0 7 14 ...

Figure 3. Funnel plot

Figure 3. Funnel plot Figure 3. Funnel plot

Figure 2. Forest plot

  Figure 2. Forest plot

Figure 1. Study selection for wide-diameter implan...

  Figure 1. Study selection for wide-diameter implant articles

Conclusion : A meta-analysis on the effect of impl...

Conclusions This meta-analysis concluded that the location, length, and surface treatment of the wide-diameter implant do not significantly affect its survival. It is therefore suggested with caution that when the conditions of the implant site corresponds to the inclusion criteria used in our meta-analysis, choosing a wide implant in the posterior mandible or maxilla, where implant length may ...

Discussion : A meta-analysis on the effect of impl...

This suggests that the implant surface characteristics may have an impact on implant survival rate based on the implant diameter, and as the diameter of the implant is increased, as in the wide-diameter implant, this impact mConversely, Maló and Araújo Nobre reported significantly more failures for machined compared to surface-treated narrow (3.3-mm diameter) implants.ay not be stati...

Discussion : A meta-analysis on the effect of impl...

The present meta-analysis was limited to prospective clinical studies and utilized a rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies included in the analysis were limited to cases in which implants placed in sites with adequate bone volume without grafting. Implants were placed in healed sites and loaded after at least 1–3 months of healing. All studies had at least 1-year follow-up. Pa...

Results : A meta-analysis on the effect of implant...

Results Of the six studies selected, three evaluated surface-treated implants and three machined implants (Table 1). The included studies all used similar criteria for implant survival, which was defined as the absence of mobility, pain, and radiolucent lesions. The implant survival was based on the percentage of implants evaluated, and the implant lengths in the studies range from 6 to 16 mm (Ta...

Materials and methods : A meta-analysis on the eff...

Screening and selection Two reviewers participated in selection of studies (MT and MP). At the initial phase of selection, abstracts and titles of articles were screened by one reviewer (MT) to exclude articles that clearly were not related to wide-diameter dental implants. The previously described inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied when including articles for full-text screening. When...

Materials and methods : A meta-analysis on the eff...

Materials and methods Focused question Does length of the wide-diameter implant influence its survival? Does the surface modification influence its survival compared to machined implant surfaces? Does the implant placement in the maxilla or the mandible influence its survival? Literature search and study design The database on PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Cont...

Review : A meta-analysis on the effect of implant ...

Review Introduction Endosseous implants were used reliably in the treatment of various degrees of edentulism. In restoring the edentulous ridge, the clinician could be faced with difficult bony situations. The wide-diameter implant could be used in these situations to improve primary stability by increasing the surface area available for osteointegration. Biomechanically, the wide-diameter imp...

A meta-analysis on the effect of implant character...

A meta-analysis on the effect of implant characteristics on the survival of the wide-diameter implant Abstract The purposes of the study are to study the implant survival of the wide-diameter implant and to analyze if the length, the implant surface, or the placement location has any effect on its survival. Electronic databases were searched from inception to Dec 2014. Studies included in the ...

Figure 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal...

  Figure 2. Figure illustrating the proposed mucosal thickening index. A ≤1 mm, indicating no thickening; B >1 mm but ≤2 mm, indicating minimal thickening; C >2 mm but ≤5 mm, indicating moderate thickening; D >5 mm, indicating severe thickening

Table 2 Statistical results after inter-variable a...

Table 2 Statistical results after inter-variable adjustment showing the association between recorded parameters and sinus mucosal thickening; p values that showed statistically significant differences are italicized       Gender Respiratory diseases Cardio-vascular diseases Diabetes mellitus Smoking History of periodontal diseases Endodontic treatment History of orthodontic t...

Table 1 CBCT measurements of sinus mucosal thicken...

Table 1 CBCT measurements of sinus mucosal thickening Patient Anterior(E1-floor of the sinus) Middle(C1-floor of the sinus) Posterior(D1-floor of the sinus) Thickest(F-floor of the sinus) 1 3.06 0.32 0.76 4.59 2 0.34 0.21 0.20 0.34 3 0.39 0.54 1.38 1.66 4 4.15 3.79 0.61 6.36 5 5.64 1.33 3.73 8.42 6 7.34 0.77 0.86 7.66 7 1.9...

Figure 1. Figure illustrating the reference points...

  Figure 1. Figure illustrating the reference points of the CBCT measurements. A: most posterior point of the sinus wall; B: most anterior point of the sinus wall; C: mid-point between A and B; C1: measurement of mucosal thickening perpendicular to A–B line at point C; D: mid-point between A and C; D1: measurement of mucosal thickening perpendicular to A–B line at point D...

Reference : Dental implants and grafting success r...

Shahbazian M, Vandewoude C, Wyatt J, Jacobs R. Comparative assessment of panoramic radiography and CBCT imaging for radiodiagnostics in the posterior maxilla. Clin Oral Investig. 2014;18:293–300. Logan GM, Brocklebank LM. An audit of occipitomental radiographs. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 1999;28:158–61. Pazera P, Bornstein MM, Pazera A, Sendi P, Katsaros C. Incidental maxillary sinus findings...

Reference : Dental implants and grafting success r...

Shanbhag S, Karnik P, Shirke P, Shanbhag V. Cone-beam computed tomographic analysis of sinus membrane thickness, ostium patency, and residual ridge heights in the posterior maxilla: implications for sinus floor elevation. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2014;25:755–60. Gardner DG. Pseudocysts and retention cysts of the maxillary sinus. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1984;58:561–7. Chiapasco M, Pa...

Reference : Dental implants and grafting success r...

References Beretta M, Poli PP, Grossi GB, Pieroni S, Maiorana C. Long-term survival rate of implants placed in conjunction with 246 sinus floor elevation procedures: results of a 15-year retrospective study. J Dent. 2015;43:78–86. Del Fabbro M, Corbella S, Weinstein T, Ceresoli V, Taschieri S. Implant survival rates after osteotome-mediated maxillary sinus augmentation: a systematic revi...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

This study presents new data on maxillary sinus mucosal thickening derived from a carefully defined data set; however, there were some limitations in the study. One limitation was the limited sample size. However, as discussed, our stringent case selection criteria yielded a more uniform data set for analyses. Other limitations were related to the actual measurements of the maxillary sinus. ...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Our study did not find a significant association between endodontically treated teeth and mucosal thickening. Though this finding is consistent with some previously published studies, other studies did report an association. These discrepant findings could be the result of different inclusion criteria in the study design. Since our study did not include any patients with radiographic signs o...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

The current study demonstrated that sinus mucosal thickening does not correlate with implant survival. This result is consistent with a previously published report by Jungner et al. In their study, the presence of sinus thickening was not significantly associated with implant failure. Similarly, our study found a 100% implant survival rate for both patients with and without sinus mucosal thi...

Discussion : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Discussion CBCT imaging has been recognized as a more sensitive imaging modality for identifying sinus thickening and pathoses in the posterior maxilla compared to panoramic radiography. This could explain why the current study identified a higher prevalence of mucosal thickening compared to earlier studies. However, compared to other similar CBCT studies, the prevalence reporte...

Results : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

Results Twenty-nine CBCT images (11 females and 18 males) were included in this study. All the implants placed in these included cases survived, representing a 100% implant survival rate. With regards to measurements of mucosal thickening, the intra-examiner reproducibility revealed an exact intra-examiner correlation of 99%, with a p value of 0.40 for a t test for independen...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

In order to standardize the measurements for each sinus, each scan was carefully oriented in the axial, coronal, and sagittal plane. In the axial plane, a horizontal line from the right and left zygoma was chosen as the standard. Orienting the hard palate horizontally was the standard in the coronal plane as well as in the sagittal plane. The specific teeth that were to be replaced by implants wer...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

Given these specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and the specific purpose of this study, only 29 cases qualified for inclusion from an original screen of approximately 4000 cases. An initial search of our database resulted in a larger number of cases that would theoretically qualify; however, further investigation revealed the need to exclude a great number of cases. The reasons for exclusion...

Methods : Dental implants and grafting success rem...

Methods Study design Our study hypothesis was that mucosal thickening of more than 2 mm and up to 1/3 of the volume of the sinus would not alter the predictability for SFE and dental implant placement. The primary outcome was to determine the success rate of dental implant placement in augmented maxillary sinus areas with mucosal thickening. A secondary outcome was to evaluate the effect of g...

Background : Dental implants and grafting success ...

Background Despite the high survival rate of dental implants inserted in maxillary sinuses that have undergone sinus floor elevation (SFE) with bone grafting, complications still occur. Sinus membrane perforation is reported to be the most common complication. Postoperative maxillary sinusitis is less common (0–22%); nevertheless, it could potentially compromise the outcome of...

Dental implants and grafting success remain high

Dental implants and grafting success remain high despite large variations in maxillary sinus mucosal thickening Abstract Background Although mucosal thickening is the most common radiographic finding observed regarding sinus pathology, the knowledge regarding its clinical significance on the outcomes of dental implants and grafting in the maxillary sinuses is still limited. We hypothesized th...

Figure 15. Intra-oral radiograph showing the impla...

  Figure 15. Intra-oral radiograph showing the implant 12 months after placement

Figure 14. Clinical view showing optimal esthetics...

  Figure 14. Clinical view showing optimal esthetics around the screw-retained definitive all-ceramic crown

Figure 13. Situation after implant placement and r...

  Figure 13. Situation after implant placement and repair of the bony defect with a 1:1 mixture of Bio-Oss® and autologous bone  

Figure 12. The impacted canine has become visible

  Figure 12. The impacted canine has become visible after elevation of a full-thickness palatal flap and removing overlying bone

Figure 11. CBCT image showing the palatal location...

  Figure 11. CBCT image showing the palatal location of the impacted secondary canine

Figure 10. Clinical view showing the failing right...

  Figure 10. Clinical view showing the failing right primary canine

Figure 9. Intra-oral radiograph showing the implan...

  Figure 9. Intra-oral radiograph showing the implant 12 months after placement

Figure 8. The screw-retained definitive all-cerami...

  Figure 8. Clinical view showing optimal esthetics around the screw-retained definitive all-ceramic crown

Figure 7. Clinical view immediately after placemen...

  Figure 7. Clinical view immediately after placement of the provisional implant crown

Figure 6. Situation after implant placement and re...

  Figure 6. Situation after implant placement and restoration of the bony defect with a 1:1 mixture of Bio-Oss® and autologous bone

Figure 5. The implant is placed in the prepared so...

  Figure 5. The implant is placed in the prepared socket

Figure 4. The prepared implant socket and osseous ...

  Figure 4. The prepared implant socket and osseous defect resulting from removal of the buccally impacted secondary canine and the primary canine. Note that the upper part of the alveolar crest is intact

Figure 3. The impacted canine has become visible a...

  Figure 3. The impacted canine has become visible after elevation of a full-thickness buccal mucoperiosteal flap and removing overlying bone

Figure 2. CBCT image showing the buccal location o...

  Figure 2. CBCT image showing the buccal location of the impacted secondary canine

Figure 1. Clinical view showing the failing right ...

  Figure 1. Clinical view showing the failing right primary canine

Discussion : Immediate placement and provisionaliz...

Discussion This case report describes two approaches for immediate replacement of a failing primary canine and an impacted secondary canine, viz. one for impacted cuspids located at the buccal side of the maxilla and one for impacted cuspids located at the palatal side of the maxilla, by an immediately placed and provisionalized single implant. With both approaches, esthetically satisfying ...

Case presentation : Immediate placement and provis...

Case 2 A 45-year-old man consulted our department with an impacted right maxillary canine and a persistent primary canine with evident mobility and in need of removal (Fig. 10). The patient chose for a single implant treatment because he wanted to have a long lasting and fixed solution for the failing tooth. All general health prerequisites were met and intra-oral examination revealed a healthy, ...

Case presentation : Immediate placement and provis...

Next, an open tray impression was made at implant level using a custom acrylic resin impression tray (Lightplast base plates; Dreve Dentamid GmbH, Unna, Germany) and a polyether impression material (Impregum Penta; 3 M ESPE, St. Paul, USA). Finally, a healing abutment (NobelReplace; Nobel Biocare AB) was placed, and any remaining residual space between the implant and the buccal bone wall was fill...

Case presentation : Immediate placement and provis...

One day before surgery, the patient started taking antibiotics (amoxicillin 500 mg, three times daily for 7 days) and using a 0.2 % chlorhexidine mouthwash (Corsodyl; GlaxoSmithKline, Utrecht, the Netherlands) for oral disinfection. Following the administering of local anesthesia (Ultracaine D-S Forte; Aventis Pharma Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany), an incision was made on the palata...

Case presentation : Immediate placement and provis...

Case presentation Case 1 A 36-year-old woman consulted the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, with a persisting upper right primary canine and impacted secondary canine (Fig. 1). The primary canine had to be removed because of fracture of the crown. The patient did not want to undergo orthodontic treatment, and a...

Background : Immediate placement and provisionaliz...

Background Maxillary canines are the second most impacted teeth (20 % of all impacted teeth); the prevalence in general population is approximately 2 %. Most impacted cuspids are located palatally, with a palatal/buccal ratio of 8:1. There are several known treatment options for impacted canines to align them into the dental arch. The most widely used option is orthodontic traction after surgi...

Immediate placement and provisionalization of an i...

Immediate placement and provisionalization of an implant after removal of an impacted maxillary canine: two case reports     Abstract Single immediate implant replacement is accompanied by excellent survival rates and a favorable esthetic outcome. The objective of this report was to describe a surgical approach for removal of a buccal or palatally located impacted secondary canine, com...

Table 3 Articles excluded and reasons for exclusio...

Reason for exclusion Investigations Study design (case series or case report) Kim et al. (2017), Hatano et al. (2007) Different grafting technique (lateral sinus lift or transalveolar technique) Jensen et al. (1994), Winter et al. (2002), Toffler et al. (2004), Chappuis et al. (2009), Soltan et al. (2011), Xiao et al. (2011), Cricchio et al. (2011), Scala et al. (2012), Brus...

Table 2 Characteristics of the included investigat...

Author (year) Study design Follow-up (months) N of patients N of implants Smokers Length and diameter (mm) Implant system  Shihab 2017 Retrospective 60 35 70 NA 5–12 × 3.0–5.7 IDI FMD Nucleoss  Ghanem 2014 Retrospective 72 10 10 NA NA NA  Nooh 2013 Prospective 12 56 63 0 4 × 8 4.3 × 10 5 × 8 5 × 10 Nobel Biocare ...

Table 1 Clinical and radiographic complications re...

Clinical complications Radiographic complications Sinusitis Thickening of Schneiderian membrane Nasal bleeding, nasal obstruction, nasal secretion Bone reaction to the implants Headache and pain or tenderness in the region of the sinus Sinus pathology Decreased sense of smell  

Figure 4. Statistical analysis for different varia...

  Figure 4. Statistical analysis for different variables. a Weighted mean survival rate. b Implant survival rate according to degree of penetration. c Analysis of clinical complications. d Analysis of radiographic complications

Figure 3. Graphic representation of group 1 ≤ ...

  Figure 3. Graphic representation of group 1 ≤ 4 mm penetration and group 2 > 4 mm penetrations    

Figure 2. PRISMA flowchart of the screening proces...

  Figure 2. PRISMA flowchart of the screening process

Discussion : Influence of exposing dental implants...

The secondary outcome of this review was the analysis of the clinical and radiological complications related to the penetration of implants in the maxillary sinus. Clinical complication among the different authors ranges from 0 to 14.3%, with a weighted mean complication rate of 3.4%, without finding statistical difference according to the level of implant penetration. The most common clinic...

Figure 1. Graphic representation of implants intru...

  Figure 1. Graphic representation of implants intruding sinus perforating or not the Schneiderian membrane

Results : Influence of exposing dental implants in...

  Analysis of clinical complications Seven studies provide information on clinical complications with a global sample of 232 patients. Clinical complications among the different authors range from 0 to 14.3%, being the weighted mean complication rate 3.4% with an IC 95% [0 7.5] (Fig. 4c) Clinical complications analyzed in the studies were sinusitis, nasal bleeding, nasal obstruction, nasal sec...

Results : Influence of exposing dental implants in...

Results Study screening An initial screening yielded a total of 3551 publications of which 26 potentially relevant articles were selected after an evaluation of their titles and abstracts. Full text of these articles was obtained and evaluated thoroughly. Of these, eight articles (Table 2) fulfilled the inclusion criteria and subsequently were included in the qualitative analysis (Fig. 2). Re...

Materials & methods : Influence of exposing dental...

  Eligibility criteria Articles were included in this systematic review if they met the following inclusion criteria: human prospective or retrospective studies, reporting outcomes of implant placed perforating the sinus floor with implant burs, and without regenerative procedure (lateral sinus lift or transalveolar technique) and graft material. The intrusion into the sinus cavity can occur du...

Materials & methods : Influence of exposing dental...

Materials and methods This systematic review and subsequent meta-analysis follow the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. Focus question The following focus question was developed: Is the intrusion of dental implants into the sinus cavity during implant drilling or implant placement, without regenerative procedure (lateral sinus lift or transalveolar technique) and graft material, has an effec...

Introduction ; Influence of exposing dental implan...

Introduction The edentulous posterior maxillary region often presents with unique challenging conditions in implant dentistry. Limited bone height secondary to pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and the resorption of the alveolar ridge preclude in many instances the installation of dental implants. To compensate for the lack of bone height, several treatment options have been proposed. The ...

Influence of exposing dental implants into the sin...

Influence of exposing dental implants into the sinus cavity on survival and complications rate: a systematic review   Abstract Background After tooth loss, the posterior maxilla is usually characterized by limited bone height secondary to pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and/or collapse of the alveolar ridge that preclude in many instances the installation of dental implants. In order ...

Extended table of classification of Combination Sy...

CS class CS modification Posterior maxilla Posterior mandible Conventional treatment: maxilla / mandible Suggested implant treatment of maxillary arch (based on bone availability) I 1 Moderate hypertrophy Moderate atrophy FUD / bilateral distal extension RPD Placement of 2 to 4 implants in the posterior maxilla on each side, alveoloplasty ± sinus lift; implant-retained or...

Table Classification of combination syndrome (CS)

CS class CS modification Type of Maxillary edentulism Type of Mandibular edentulism Anterior Maxilla Anterior Mandible I 1 Completely edentulous arch Partial edentulism with anterior teeth present only (or recently removed) Severe atrophy Severe hypertrophy; teeth extrusion   2 Completely edentulous arch Fixed dentition Severe atrophy Severe hypertrophy   ...

References : Combination Syndrome

  Glossary of Implant Terms. J Oral Implantol 2003. 29:31.. Jameson, W. S. Various clinical situations and their influence on linear occlusion in treating combination syndrome: a discussion of treatment options. Gen Dent. 2003. 51:443–447. Kelly, E. Changes caused by a mandibular removable partial denture opposing a maxillary complete denture. J Prosthet Dent. 1972. 27:140–150. Saunders...

Conclusion : Combination Syndrome

Conclusion A progressive anterior maxillary bone loss can be seen in cases of complete maxillary denture opposed by the distal extension RPD. A variety of similar situations when a maxillary partial denture with missing front teeth is functioning against an anterior fixed dentition or an implant-supported prosthesis (root-form, subperiosteal, ramus frame, transmandibular implant designs) can ...

Discussion : Combination Syndrome

Discussion Treatment of patients with combination syndrome can be a challenge for a dental practitioner. A significant resorption of anterior maxillary alveolar ridge is often seen when mandibular molars and premolars are lost and the anterior mandibular teeth with a distal extension RPD oppose the edentulous maxilla. When the lower RPD is constantly adjusted and properly maintained as the bo...

Classification : Combination Syndrome

Classification of Combination Syndrome Kelly was the first person to use the term “combination syndrome.”5 He believed that the key to many symptoms of the combination syndrome is the “early loss of bone from the anterior part of the maxillary jaw.”3 The other consistent features of this dental condition include enlargement of maxillary tuberosities and mandibular posterior bone res...

Restorative stage : Combination Syndrome

Restorative stage Bar type attachments are often used to connect abutment teeth or implants and provide retention for removable dentures and overdentures. Retention is achieved by using riders/clips, retention sleeves, O-rings, etc. There are several bar type attachments that are available commercially, including the Dolder Bar System, the Hader Bar System, the Acherman Clip, and others. Any ...

Operative phase : Combination Syndrome

Operative phase The procedure (surgical stage 1) was started with the administration of two capsules of lidocaine 2% with epinephrine 1:100 000 for the upper right quadrant. The buccal full-thickness flap from the right maxillary tuberosity to the premolar area with the anterior releasing incision was developed. The maxillary sinus was exposed by removing a small amount of anterior maxillar...

Treatment Plan : Combination Syndrome

Treatment plan During the initial surgical consultation, the overall oral condition and severe bone atrophy was discussed with the patient. The remaining tooth No. 2 was not salvageable and had to be removed. Teeth No. 12-13-14 connected in the bridge were stable. A surgical treatment with a large bone graft (hip graft) to the premaxillary region to correct severe atrophy which would require ...

Diagnosis: Combination Syndrome

Diagnosis On the basis of the clinical and radiographic evaluation, the diagnosis of combination syndrome was made. An extended diagnosis also included a class III malocclusion, severe anterior maxillary bone atrophy between first premolars, failing tooth No. 2 (advanced periodontal condition), a functional mandibular blade implant, an extrusion of the lower front teeth, and a...

Case report: combination syndrome

Case Report A 76-year-old woman with Sjogren syndrome presented complaining of a poor fit of an upper denture and difficulty chewing and speaking clearly. Patient had Sjogren syndrome for the previous 20 years in a mild and controlled form. She had been using water to compensate for dryness of her mouth and was taking prednisone 10 mg every other day for the last 2 years. Otherwise, patient's...

Introduction: Combination Syndrome

Introduction Combination syndrome (CS) is defined as “a condition caused by the presence of the lower anterior teeth and the absence of the posteriors and resulting in significant maxillary anterior alveolar resorption.”1 This condition often develops in cases of a complete maxillary denture opposing a bilateral distal extension mandibular partial denture2 (Figures 1 - 3). The resulting...

Combination Syndrome: Classification and Case Repo...

Abstract Combination syndrome (CS) is a dental condition that is commonly seen in patients with a completely edentulous maxilla and partially edentulous mandible with preserved anterior teeth. This syndrome consists of severe anterior maxillary resorption combined with hypertrophic and atrophic changes in different quadrants of maxilla and mandible. This makes it a challenging condition in ...